Bra*_*roy 7 css regex jquery css3
我在看CSS3 calc(),我想知道是否可以使用jQuery(或RegEx)从输入字符串中减去一个值.
例如:
div {
width: calc(100% - 50px);
}
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我想要得到的百分比值(100%)和像素值(50px),我需要知道它是什么,然后(px,em,pt,%).
所以基本上:
calc(和前一个分隔符(+,-,*,/))calc(100% - 20px - 0.8em)编辑: Spudley谈论解析整个CSS样式表,但这可能会导致开销.因为这个项目为它赫克,开销允许的,所以你可以去失控,做任何你想做到这一点!
谢谢.
你不应该在真实的应用程序中真正做到甚至需要它,但是因为你说这只是为了好玩; 这是有趣的部分:
是的,你可以做到.通过AJAX调用加载CSS文件不是唯一的方法,但它可能是使其真正跨浏览器的唯一(但效率低下)方式.即便是下面的声明不会使它真正的跨浏览器的,因为 calc()功能并非所有人都支持的浏览器,这是一个CSS3功能.
编辑:截至2018年,calc所有现代浏览器都支持.
div {
width: 300px; /* a fallback value for old browsers */
width: -webkit-calc(100% - 50px);
width: -moz-calc(100% - 50px);
width: calc(100% - 50px);
}
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您可以从中获取原始CSS代码document.styleSheets及其规则.cssText规则的属性将为您提供完整的声明.但是不同的浏览器可能会以不同的方式解析值calc().
我将使用更复杂的示例来了解浏览器如何处理该calc()函数:
calc(100% - -50px*6 + 4em/2);
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这就是Firefox(第18版)对待它的方式:

这就是谷歌Chrome(第24集)对待它的方式:

如图所示; FF calc按原样获取非前缀值,Chrome获取-webkit前缀值,并使用嵌套括号(如果需要)重新解析它.如果你没有在Chrome中声明它-webkit; 它会完全忽略这个价值.因此,我们应该在操作calc语句时考虑这些因素.
现在,使用复杂的例子; 我们将首先在calc()函数中获取语句:
"100% - -50px*6 + 4em/2"
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然后将语句元素解析为数组:
["100%", "-", "-50px", "*", "6", "+", "4em", "/", "2"]
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最后,处理数组项的值和单位,使它们以编程方式可用(如您所愿):
[{ value:100, unit:"%" }, "-", { value:-50, unit:"px" }, "*", { value:6, unit:undefined }, "+", { value:4, unit:"em" }, "/", { value:2, unit:undefined }]
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上面的最终结果包括值对象和运算符(按顺序).
在进一步阅读之前 请注意,以下代码未在所有浏览器和情境中完全测试.它不处理嵌套的括号解析(如Chrome所做的)或具有多个或组合calc()函数的值.如果你想测试这个; 我推荐Firefox,因为它不解析嵌套的括号,或者你可以扩展代码以支持它们.
// Get the sheet you want to process. (assume we want to process the third sheet):
var sheet = document.styleSheets[2]; //you could also iterate all the sheets in a for loop
processRules(sheet);
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/** Iterates through the rules of the specified style sheet;
* then dissolves and logs values including a calc() function.
*/
function processRules(sheet) {
var rules = sheet.cssRules // Mozilla, Safari, Chrome, Opera
|| sheet.rules; // IE, Safari
for (var i = 0; i < rules.length; i++) {
var rule = rules[i];
// Check if we have a calc() function in this rule
if (hasCalc(rule.cssText)) {
// Get the calculation statement inside the calc() function.
var statement = getCalcStatement(rule.cssText);
// Dissolve the statement into its elements and log.
console.log(dissolveCalcElements(statement));
}
}
}
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/** Checks whether the CSS value includes a calc() function,
* (This is also for avoiding unnecessary regex.)
*/
function hasCalc(value) {
return value.toLowerCase().indexOf('calc(') >= 0;
}
/** Gets the full statement (string) inside a calc() function.
*/
function getCalcStatement(rule) {
if (!rule) return '';
var pattern = /calc\(([^\)]+)\).*/;
var match = pattern.exec(rule);
return match && match.length > 1 ? match[1] : '';
}
/** Splits the calc operation's elements (values and operators) and
* dissolves the values into objects with value and unit properties.
*/
function dissolveCalcElements(statement) {
// The CSS calc() function supports 4 basic math operations only:
// Addition (+), Subtraction (-), Multiplication (*), Division (/)
// White-spaces are very important in a calc statement.
// From Mozilla: "The + and - operators must always be surrounded by whitespace.
// The * and / operators do not require whitespace, but adding it for consistency is allowed, and recommended."
// We could use: statement.split(/(\s+[\+\-]\s+|\s*[\*\/]\s*)/);
// to include the operators inside the output array, but not all browsers
// support splicing the capturing parentheses into the array like that. So:
statement = statement.replace('*', ' * ').replace('/', ' / ');
var arr = statement.split(/\s+/);
console.log("arr", arr);
var calcElems = [];
for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
var d = dissolveElement(arr[i]);
calcElems.push(d);
}
return calcElems;
}
/** Dissolves the value and unit of the element and
* returns either the operator or an object with "value" and "unit" properties.
*/
function dissolveElement(val) {
// Check if the value is an operator.
var ops = '+-*/';
if (ops.indexOf(val) >= 0) return val;
var o = {};
// CSS units in a calc statement can have all the regular units.
// According to W3C; they can also, can include a "vw" unit (stands for viewport).
var pattern = /([\+\-]?[0-9\.]+)(%|px|pt|em|in|cm|mm|ex|pc|vw)?/;
// Exec the value/unit pattern on the property value.
var match = pattern.exec(val);
// So we reset to the original value if there is no unit.
if (match) {
var v = match.length >= 2 ? match[1] : match[0];
o.value = toFloat(v); //parse value as float
o.unit = match.length >= 3 ? match[2] : '';
}
else {
o = { value:val, unit:''};
}
console.log("dissolve", match, val, o);
return o;
}
// Helper Functions
function toFloat(value) { return parseFloat(value) || 0.0; }
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而已.正如我所提到的,我不会这样做,但是如果有可能的话,总是很好.
注意:既然你提到制作一个jQuery插件(为了好玩); 你真的不需要jQuery.调用函数$('div').css('width')只会给你计算值,而不是原始calc语句.
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