use*_*204 5 java swing swingworker invokelater event-dispatch-thread
我创建了应用程序,它的表现非常符合预期.只要数据库查询正在运行,gui就会保持响应.使用SwingUtilities.invokeLater()创建自定义面板时,gui会冻结很短的时间.
当我使用SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait()时,它在高端游戏PC上运行非常流畅.(可能不是代码最好的机器...)但是在相对较慢的机器(双核,2GB RAM)上,gui"滞后"
我创建了一个非常小的程序版本来重现行为.测试时增加TEST_NUMBER_OF_PANELS的值.
它将它设置为一个非常大的值,以重现我当前的电脑上的行为,没有任何花哨的外观和感觉和其他组件.但我不想这样张贴.所以我减少到100
package test;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.CardLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Component;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Vector;
import javax.swing.BorderFactory;
import javax.swing.BoxLayout;
import javax.swing.GroupLayout;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JTabbedPane;
import javax.swing.JTable;
import javax.swing.SwingConstants;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import javax.swing.SwingWorker;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.event.TableModelEvent;
import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;
import javax.swing.table.TableCellRenderer;
//import org.pushingpixels.substance.api.SubstanceLookAndFeel;
//import org.pushingpixels.substance.api.skin.BusinessBlackSteelSkin;
//import org.pushingpixels.substance.api.skin.SubstanceBusinessBlackSteelLookAndFeel;
public class Test extends JFrame {
private static final int TEST_NUMBER_OF_PANELS = 100;
private static JTabbedPane tabbedPane = new JTabbedPane();
Test() {
this.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
this.setSize(1050, 700);
this.setMinimumSize(new Dimension(400,200));
this.add(tabbedPane, BorderLayout.CENTER);
JButton testbutton = new JButton("new tab");
testbutton.addMouseListener(new MouseListener() {
@Override
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
tabbedPane.addTab("tab x", new TestTabContent());
}
@Override
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseExited(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseEntered(MouseEvent e) {
}
@Override
public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) {
}
});
this.add(testbutton, BorderLayout.NORTH);
//tabbedPane.addTab("tab1", new TestTabContent());
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
new Test().setVisible(true);
/*
try {
UIManager.setLookAndFeel(new SubstanceBusinessBlackSteelLookAndFeel());
} catch (Exception e) {
System.out.println("Substance Business failed to initialize");
}
SubstanceLookAndFeel.setSkin(new BusinessBlackSteelSkin());
new Test()
.setVisible(true);
*/
}
});
}
private class TestTabContent extends JPanel {
TestTabContent() {
final JPanel boxContainer = new JPanel();
boxContainer.setLayout(new BoxLayout(boxContainer, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
JPanel boxContainerOuter = new JPanel();
boxContainerOuter.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
boxContainerOuter.add(boxContainer, BorderLayout.NORTH);
JScrollPane mainScrollPane = new JScrollPane(boxContainerOuter);
// create toolbar
JPanel toolBar = new JPanel();
toolBar.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
//east
JPanel InfoPanel = new JPanel();
InfoPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(InfoPanel, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
InfoPanel.add(new JLabel("test: some info ..."));
toolBar.add(InfoPanel, BorderLayout.WEST);
//west
JPanel viewOptionPanel = new JPanel();
viewOptionPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(viewOptionPanel, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
viewOptionPanel.add(new JLabel("some controls.."));
toolBar.add(viewOptionPanel, BorderLayout.EAST);
// set main panel´s layout
GroupLayout layout = new GroupLayout(this);
this.setLayout(layout);
layout.setHorizontalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addComponent(toolBar, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
.addComponent(mainScrollPane)
);
layout.setVerticalGroup(
layout.createParallelGroup(GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
.addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
.addComponent(toolBar, GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
.addGap(0, 0, 0)
.addComponent(mainScrollPane, GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, 413, Short.MAX_VALUE))
);
// create controls
SwingWorker<String, Void> worker = new SwingWorker<String, Void>() {
@Override
protected String doInBackground() throws Exception {
// RUN DATABASE QUERY
// ------------------
//Thread.sleep(1000);
// ------------------
// CREATE TESTPANELS
ArrayList<ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>> dataFromQuery = createDummyData();
for (final ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> tableData : dataFromQuery) {
//SwingUtilities.invokeAndWait(new Runnable() {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
// create panels on edt
TestPanel newTestPanel = new TestPanel(tableData);
JPanel seperator = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
seperator.setBackground(Color.black);
seperator.add(newTestPanel);
boxContainer.add(seperator);
}
});
}
return "";
}
};
worker.execute();
}
private ArrayList<ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>> createDummyData () {
ArrayList<String> columns = new ArrayList<String>();
ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> rows = new ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>();
ArrayList<ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>> tables = new ArrayList<ArrayList<ArrayList<String>>>();
for (int i = 0; i < 15; i ++) {
columns.add("test213124");
}
for (int i=0; i < 8; i++) {
rows.add(columns);
}
for (int i=0; i < TEST_NUMBER_OF_PANELS; i++) {
tables.add(rows);
}
return tables;
}
}
public class TestPanel extends JPanel {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3853151036184428736L;
public static final int radioButtonWidth = 20;
private JTable table;
private DefaultTableModel tableModel;
private JPanel collapsiblePane;
private JButton collapsingButton;
TestPanel(ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> tableData) {
System.out.println("testpanel constructor");
createTestPanel(tableData);
}
private void createTestPanel(ArrayList<ArrayList<String>> tableData) {
// container with boxLayout for collapsiblePane
JPanel boxContainer = new JPanel();
boxContainer.setLayout(new BoxLayout(boxContainer, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
boxContainer.setBorder(BorderFactory.createMatteBorder(0, 1, 1, 1, Color.BLACK));
// set table stuff
tableModel = new DefaultTableModel();
tableModel.setColumnIdentifiers(
new Object[] {
"test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test", "test"});
for (ArrayList<String> rowData : tableData) {
Vector<Serializable> data = new Vector<Serializable>();
for (String columnData : rowData) {
data.add(columnData);
}
tableModel.addRow(data);
}
table = new JTable(tableModel) {
public void tableChanged(TableModelEvent e) {
super.tableChanged(e);
repaint();
}
public Component prepareRenderer(TableCellRenderer renderer, int row, int column){
Component returnComp = super.prepareRenderer(renderer, row, column);
Color alternateColor = new Color(225,225,238);
Color usualColor = Color.WHITE;
if (!returnComp.getBackground().equals(getSelectionBackground())){
Color bg = (row % 2 == 0 ? alternateColor : usualColor);
returnComp .setBackground(bg);
bg = null;
}
return returnComp;
}
};
boxContainer.add(table.getTableHeader(), BorderLayout.NORTH);
boxContainer.add(table, BorderLayout.CENTER);
// other controls / toolbar
JPanel toolbar = new JPanel();
toolbar.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
// buttons to the right
JPanel toolbarButtonGroup = new JPanel();
toolbarButtonGroup.setLayout(new BoxLayout(toolbarButtonGroup, BoxLayout.X_AXIS));
// test button
JButton button = new JButton("test");
JPanel sepPanel = new JPanel();
sepPanel.add(button);
toolbarButtonGroup.add(sepPanel);
// test button
button = new JButton("test");
sepPanel = new JPanel();
sepPanel.add(button);
toolbarButtonGroup.add(sepPanel);
// test button
button = new JButton("test");
sepPanel = new JPanel();
sepPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createEmptyBorder(0,0,0,5));
sepPanel.add(button);
toolbarButtonGroup.add(sepPanel);
toolbar.add(toolbarButtonGroup, BorderLayout.EAST);
boxContainer.add(toolbar);
JPanel subPanel = new JPanel();
subPanel.setLayout(new BoxLayout(subPanel, BoxLayout.Y_AXIS));
JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
buttonPanel.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
buttonPanel.setMaximumSize(new Dimension(Integer.MAX_VALUE, 24));
collapsingButton = new JButton(tableModel.getValueAt(0, 8).toString());
collapsingButton.setName("toggleButton");
collapsingButton.setHorizontalAlignment(SwingConstants.LEFT);
collapsingButton.setBorderPainted(false);
collapsingButton.setFocusPainted(false);
buttonPanel.add(collapsingButton, BorderLayout.CENTER);
buttonPanel.setBorder(BorderFactory.createLineBorder(Color.BLACK));
subPanel.add(buttonPanel);
collapsiblePane = new JPanel();
collapsiblePane.setName("collapsiblePane");
collapsiblePane.setLayout(new CardLayout());
collapsiblePane.add(boxContainer, "");
subPanel.add(collapsiblePane);
add(subPanel);
}
}
}
我想我应该使用SwingWorker而不是EDT运行尽可能多的代码.我知道我应该在一个单独的线程中访问TableModel.如果应用程序中只有一个JTable,那么它很简单:我在EDT上创建表并更新线程上的数据.
在那种情况下,我不确定哪种方法是可取的.现在,所有与tabe相关的内容都在TestPanel类中进行管理.完全在EDT上运行.
当然我可以在TestPanel中运行一个线程来处理TableModel,但为每个面板创建一个新线程对我来说听起来不是一个聪明的主意.
另一个"想法"是在运行数据库查询的同一个线程上直接在TestTab中创建模型.但由于它属于TestPanel,这种方法听起来像是糟糕的设计.
我迄今为止最脏的想法是使用invokeAndWait()并让Tread.sleep()暂停一段时间,这样ETD就不会每隔几毫秒被新的调用打耳光.但我真的不想这样编码.
什么样的设计方法最合适？
我想在运行时在JTabbedPane中创建几个自定义面板.自定义面板的数量取决于数据库查询的结果集.
每个自定义面板都包含一个JTable,其中包含来自结果集的一大块数据和一些JButton.
我的计划是使用SwingWorker在单独的线程上运行数据库查询.然后使用invokeLater()在Event Dispatch Thread上安排任务以创建自定义面板,因为必须在EDT中创建和访问swing组件.
如果结果集包含很多行,那么使用这种方法可能会在创建自定义面板时冻结gui.
什么是最优雅的方法来解决或最小化这个问题？
我的计划是使用 SwingWorker 在单独的线程上运行数据库查询。然后使用 invokeLater() 在事件调度线程上安排一个任务来创建自定义面板，因为必须在 EDT 中创建和访问 swing 组件。
使用这种方法，如果结果集包含很多行，则在创建自定义面板时 GUI 可能会冻结。
它不应该冻结，我认为你的方法是正确的。
如果您仍然觉得它会冻结，请尝试告诉我们。