获取层次结构的级别

Question

我有一个对象数组,其中每个对象都有id一个ParentId属性(因此它们可以排列在树中).它们没有特别的顺序.

请注意,id's和parentId's将不是整数,它们将是字符串(只是想让示例代码更清晰......)

只有一个根:让我们说id:1数据看起来像这样:

 data = [
   {
        id:"id-2",
        parentId:"id-3"
    },
    {
        id:"id-4",
        parentId:"2"
    },
    {
        id:"id-3",
        parentId:"id-4"
    },
    {
        id:"id-5",
        parentId:"id-4"
    },
    {
        id:"id-6",
        parentId:"id-1"
    },
    {
        id:"id-7",
        parentId:"id-1"
    }
    // and so on...
]

我正在寻找一种有效的方法来为每个对象赋予一个level属性,该属性应该指定嵌套级别...

它们应该是这样的:

data = [
    {
        id:"id-2",
        parentId:"id-1",
        level:2
    },
    {
        id:"id-3",
        parentId:"id-4",
        level:5

    },
    {
        id:"id-4",
        parentId:"id-2",
        level:3

    },
    {
        id:"id-5",
        parentId:"id-4",
        level:5
    },
    {
        id:"id-6",
        parentId:"id-1",
        level:2

    },
    {
        id:"id-7",
        parentId:"id-3",
        level:4
    }
    // and so on...
]

简而言之:

我希望level通过循环遍历数组并找出层次结构来动态添加它.

另外,(如果可行的话)然后应该根据顺序对它们进行排序,例如level:3来自同一父节点的所有对象应该彼此相邻,而不是应该有相同父节点的兄弟节点彼此相邻而不是两个三级堂兄弟彼此相邻.

Answer 1

以下代码的工作示例在jsFiddle上.

通过id对树进行索引并从每个节点向上遍历,并计数直到您到达根.通过首先索引,我们接近O(n)时间复杂度(取决于树密度).****已更新以满足排序要求,并允许排除根节点***:

function levelAndSort(data, startingLevel) {
    // indexes
    var indexed = {};        // the original values
    var nodeIndex = {};      // tree nodes
    var i;
    for (i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
        var id = data[i].id;
        var node = {
            id: id,
            level: startingLevel,
            children: [],
            sorted: false
        };
        indexed[id] = data[i];
        nodeIndex[id] = node;
    }

    // populate tree
    for (i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
        var node = nodeIndex[data[i].id];
        var pNode = node;
        var j;
        var nextId = indexed[pNode.id].parentId;
        for (j = 0; nextId in nodeIndex; j++) {
            pNode = nodeIndex[nextId];
            if (j == 0) {
                pNode.children.push(node.id);
            }
            node.level++;
            nextId = indexed[pNode.id].parentId;
        }
    }

    // extract nodes and sort-by-level
    var nodes = [];
    for (var key in nodeIndex) {
        nodes.push(nodeIndex[key]);
    }
    nodes.sort(function(a, b) {
        return a.level - b.level;
    });

    // refine the sort: group-by-siblings
    var retval = [];
    for (i = 0; i < nodes.length; i++) {
        var node = nodes[i];
        var parentId = indexed[node.id].parentId;
        if (parentId in indexed) {
            var pNode = nodeIndex[parentId];
            var j;
            for (j = 0; j < pNode.children.length; j++) {
                var child = nodeIndex[pNode.children[j]];
                if (!child.sorted) {
                    indexed[child.id].level = child.level;
                    retval.push(indexed[child.id]);
                    child.sorted = true;
                }
            }
        }
        else if (!node.sorted) {
            indexed[node.id].level = node.level;
            retval.push(indexed[node.id]);
            node.sorted = true;
        }
    }
    return retval;
}

例:

// level 0 (root) excluded
var startingLevel = 1;
var someData = [
    {id : "id-1", parentId : "id-0"},
    {id : "id-2", parentId : "id-0"},
    {id : "id-3", parentId : "id-2"},
    {id : "id-4", parentId : "id-3"},
    {id : "id-5", parentId : "id-4"},
    {id : "id-6", parentId : "id-4"},
    {id : "id-7", parentId : "id-0"},
    {id : "id-8", parentId : "id-1"},
    {id : "id-9", parentId : "id-7"},
    {id : "id-10", parentId : "id-1"},
    {id : "id-11", parentId : "id-1"},
    {id : "id-12", parentId : "id-1"}
];
var outputArray = levelAndSort(someData, startingLevel);

输出:

注意

如果您更改输入顺序,排序会有所不同,但它仍然是正确的(即,按级别顺序,按兄弟分组).