如何停止获取ImportError:在将django与wsgi一起使用时无法导入设置'mofin.settings'？

Question

我无法让wsgi为我的项目'mofin'导入我的设置文件.

apache错误日志中的错误列表如下所示

mod_wsgi (pid=4001): Exception occurred within WSGI script '/var/www/wsgi-scripts/django.wsgi'.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 228, in __call__
    self.load_middleware()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 31, in load_middleware
    for middleware_path in settings.MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 28, in __getattr__
    self._import_settings()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 59, in _import_settings
    self._target = Settings(settings_module)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 94, in __init__
    raise ImportError, "Could not import settings '%s' (Is it on sys.path? Does it have syntax errors?): %s" % (self.SETTINGS_MODULE, e)
ImportError: Could not import settings 'mofin.settings' (Is it on sys.path? Does it have syntax errors?): No module named mofin.settings

我得到了"你好世界!" 这里列出的wsgi应用程序(http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/QuickConfigurationGuide)工作正常.

使用python manage.py(runserver | shell | syncdb |测试存储),settings.py文件可以正常加载.

这是我的wsgi文件:

import os
import sys
sys.path.append('/home/django/mofin/trunk')
sys.path.append('/home/django/mofin/trunk/mofin')
print >> sys.stderr, sys.path
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mofin.settings'

import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

错误日志中打印的sys.path是

[ '/usr/lib/python25.zip', '/usr/lib/python2.5', '/usr/lib/python2.5/plat-linux2',"/usr/lib/python2.5/lib- TK ' '/usr/lib/python2.5/lib-dynload', '/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages',' /usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages/gtk-2.0 ','/ home/django/mofin/trunk','/ home/django/mofin/trunk/mofin']

如果我用manage.py打开一个交互式shell,那么sys.path就是

[ '/家庭/ Django的/ mofin /主干/ mofin', '/usr/lib/python25.zip', '/usr/lib/python2.5', '/usr/lib/python2.5/plat-linux2' , '/usr/lib/python2.5/lib-tk', '/usr/lib/python2.5/lib-dynload', '/usr/lib/python2.5/site-packages',"/ USR/LIB /的python2.5 /站点包/ GTK-2.0' ]

我的django设置文件如下所示:#mofin项目的Django设置.

DEBUG = True
TEMPLATE_DEBUG = DEBUG

ADMINS = (
    # ('Dan xxxx', 'xxxx@yyyyyyyyyy.com'),
)

MANAGERS = ADMINS

DATABASE_ENGINE = 'mysql'           # 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'postgresql', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.
DATABASE_NAME = 'mofin'             # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.
DATABASE_USER = 'aaaaaa'             # Not used with sqlite3.
DATABASE_PASSWORD = 'bbbbbb'         # Not used with sqlite3.
DATABASE_HOST = ''             # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.
DATABASE_PORT = ''             # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.

# Local time zone for this installation. Choices can be found here:
# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tz_zones_by_name
# although not all choices may be available on all operating systems.
# If running in a Windows environment this must be set to the same as your
# system time zone.
TIME_ZONE = 'Europe/London'

# Language code for this installation. All choices can be found here:
# http://www.i18nguy.com/unicode/language-identifiers.html
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-GB'

SITE_ID = 1

# If you set this to False, Django will make some optimizations so as not
# to load the internationalization machinery.
USE_I18N = True

# Absolute path to the directory that holds media.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/"
MEDIA_ROOT = '/home/django/media/'

# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash if there is a path component (optional in other cases).
# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com", "http://example.com/media/"
MEDIA_URL = 'http://mofin.mywebsite.co.uk/media/'

# URL prefix for admin media -- CSS, JavaScript and images. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://foo.com/media/", "/media/".
ADMIN_MEDIA_PREFIX = '/admin_media/'

# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = 'xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx'

# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.load_template_source',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.load_template_source',
#     'django.template.loaders.eggs.load_template_source',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'mofin.urls'

TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)

INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.sites',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'mofin.store'
)

Answer 1

如果您有一个与项目名称相同的应用程序(项目的子目录,其中包含一个init文件),也会发生这种情况.您的settings.py文件可能在您的项目文件夹中,但似乎django系统的一部分首先查找项目内部的模块,其名称与项目相同,并且当它在那里找不到settings.py时,它失败了一个误导性的消息.

-uniquename1

---settings.py

---manage.py

---application1

-----file.py

-----file2.py

---uniquename1  (problem, rename this to some other unique name)

-----file.py

-----file2.py

还有别的东西可以检查其他有这个问题的人.适用于Django 1.3和其他人.

Answer 2

我有一个类似的权限问题,虽然我的settings.py具有正确的权限,但.pyc没有!所以要注意这一点.

Answer 3

嘿,只是为这个问题添加了一个额外的答案.我有完全相同的问题,但它不是文件权限.我附加了"path/to/project",但没有附加"path/to".链接是mod_wsgi的Django集成解释,向我展示了答案.

Answer 4

我找到了答案......文件权限./ home/django设置为700.即只有django可以查看内容.apache作为Apache运行,因此无法通过/ home/django.

Answer 5

我认为在加载django之前,你需要在apache中的wsgi脚本中使用前导斜杠.

import os
import sys
sys.path.append('/home/django/mofin/trunk/')
sys.path.append('/home/django/mofin/trunk/mofin/')
print >> sys.stderr, sys.path
os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'mofin.settings'

import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

就我而言

import os
import sys
if os.uname()[1] == 'vivien':
    sys.path.append('/home/www/sitebuilder.blacknight.ie/web/')
    os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'gibo.dev_settings'
elif os.uname()[1] == 'thingy':
    sys.path.append('/home/www/sitebuilder.blacknight.ie/web/')
    os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'gibo.dev_settings'
else:
    sys.path.append('/home/www/sitebuilder.blacknight.ie/web/')
    os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'gibo.settings'

import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

Answer 6

此问题的另一个原因是您不能将您的应用程序命名为另一个python模块.例如,我打电话给我site,很少意识到这site已经是一个python模块.

您可以通过启动Python和运行检查这个import site,help(site)和它会告诉你它不使用模块.这当然会在django尝试导入时site.settings不会出现错误.

Answer 7

可能出现的问题：

您忘记了 __init__.py 文件，该文件必须位于您的项目以及您认为要导入的 python 模块的所有目录中。

您可以尝试的其他方法是将路径直接添加到 manage.py 文件中，例如：

import sys

...
...

sys.path.insert(0, '/home/django/mofin/trunk')

我希望它有帮助