在Linux中链接Boost库

Question

我正在尝试使用Boost的Asio构建一个项目,我遇到了一些麻烦.最初,我试图在没有任何额外库的情况下构建项目,因为所有内容都应该在头文件中.

我正在尝试构建的程序如下所示:

#include <iostream>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>

int main()
{
    boost::asio::io_service io;
    boost::asio::deadline_timer t(io, boost::posix_time::seconds(5));

    t.wait();

    std::cout << "Hello, world!" << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

可以发现这里在加速的网站.

所以,最初我只是:

-I /usr/include/boost_1_40_0

这导致以下错误:

make -k all
Building target: HelloWorld
Invoking: GCC C++ Linker
g++  -o"HelloWorld"  ./main.o  
./main.o: In function `__static_initialization_and_destruction_0':
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:205: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:206: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:211: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:212: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_generic_category()'
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:213: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
./main.o: In function `boost::asio::error::get_system_category()':
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/asio/error.hpp:218: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
./main.o: In function `error_code':
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/system/error_code.hpp:312: undefined reference to `boost::system::get_system_category()'
./main.o: In function `posix_tss_ptr':
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/asio/detail/posix_tss_ptr.hpp:47: undefined reference to `pthread_key_create'
./main.o: In function `~posix_tss_ptr':
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/asio/detail/posix_tss_ptr.hpp:61: undefined reference to `pthread_key_delete'
./main.o: In function `boost::asio::detail::posix_thread::join()':
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/asio/detail/posix_thread.hpp:77: undefined reference to `pthread_join'
./main.o: In function `~posix_thread':
/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/boost/asio/detail/posix_thread.hpp:69: undefined reference to `pthread_detach'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [HelloWorld] Error 1
make: Target `all' not remade because of errors.

看来我需要系统库.所以,我按照这里的入门指南中的说明进行操作,这给了我一些位于/ usr/include/boost_1_40_0/stage/lib中的库.其中有libboost_system.a.因此,我尝试编译:

-I /usr/include/boost_1_40_0
-L /usr/include/boost_1_40_0/stage/lib
-l libboost_system

但是,我得到了这个:

make -k all
Building target: HelloWorld
Invoking: GCC C++ Linker
g++ -L/usr/lib -L/usr/include/boost_1_40_0/stage/lib -o"HelloWorld"  ./main.o   -llibboost_system
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -llibboost_system
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [HelloWorld] Error 1
make: Target `all' not remade because of errors.

我不确定为什么,但它似乎无法识别我尝试的库或任何其他库.我可能做错了什么？提前致谢!

Answer 1

更改-llibboost_system到-lboost_system.

在linux中,引用所述库时不使用库前面的"lib"前缀.

Answer 2

在这种情况下,詹姆斯的答案是正确的,但如果有其他人碰巧偶然发现这个帖子,那么请注意,如果你将旧的提升标题链接到新的库,你就可以得到这个消息.get_system_category()具体已被弃用.我遇到了这个问题,偶然包括发行版提供的标题,但链接到我自己的内部副本的boost.

Answer 3

如果仍然遇到问题,可能需要通过添加到链接器标志来包含posix-threads:

-lpthread