蟒蛇.使用词典列表进行操作

Question

朋友们,我有一个词典列表:

my_list = 
[
{'oranges':'big','apples':'green'},
{'oranges':'big','apples':'green','bananas':'fresh'},
{'oranges':'big','apples':'red'},
{'oranges':'big','apples':'green','bananas':'rotten'}
]

我想创建一个新的列表,消除部分重复.

在我的情况下,必须删除这本词典:

{'oranges':'big','apples':'green'}

,因为它复制了较长的词典:

{'oranges':'big','apples':'green','bananas':'fresh'}
{'oranges':'big','apples':'green','bananas':'rotten'}

因此,期望的结果:

[
{'oranges':'big','apples':'green','bananas':'fresh'},
{'oranges':'big','apples':'red'},
{'oranges':'big','apples':'green','bananas':'rotten'}
]

怎么做？太感谢了!

Answer 1

第一个[井,第二,有一些编辑..]想到的事情是这样的:

def get_superdicts(dictlist):
    superdicts = []
    for d in sorted(dictlist, key=len, reverse=True):
        fd = set(d.items())
        if not any(fd <= k for k in superdicts):
            superdicts.append(fd)
    new_dlist = map(dict, superdicts)
    return new_dlist

这使:

>>> a = [{'apples': 'green', 'oranges': 'big'}, {'apples': 'green', 'oranges': 'big', 'bananas': 'fresh'}, {'apples': 'red', 'oranges': 'big'}, {'apples': 'green', 'oranges': 'big', 'bananas': 'rotten'}]
>>> 
>>> get_superdicts(a)
[{'apples': 'red', 'oranges': 'big'}, 
 {'apples': 'green', 'oranges': 'big', 'bananas': 'rotten'}, 
 {'bananas': 'fresh', 'oranges': 'big', 'apples': 'green'}]

[原来我在frozenset这里使用,认为我可以做一些聪明的设置操作,但显然没有提出任何东西.]

Answer 2

尝试下面的实现

请注意，在我的实现中，我仅预排序并选择 2 对组合以减少迭代次数。这将确保钥匙的大小始终小于或等于干草的大小

>>> my_list =[
{'oranges':'big','apples':'green'},
{'oranges':'big','apples':'green','bananas':'fresh'},
{'oranges':'big','apples':'red'},
{'oranges':'big','apples':'green','bananas':'rotten'}
]

#Create a function remove_dup, name it anything you want
def remove_dup(lst):
    #import combinations for itertools, mainly to avoid multiple nested loops
    from itertools import combinations
    #Create a generator function dup_gen, name it anything you want
    def dup_gen(lst):
        #Now read the dict pairs, remember key is always shorter than hay in length
        for key, hay in combinations(lst, 2):
            #if key is in hay then set(key) - set(hay) = empty set
            if not set(key) - set(hay):
                #and if key is in hay, yield it
                yield key
    #sort the list of dict based on lengths after converting to a item tuple pairs
    #Handle duplicate elements, thanks to DSM for pointing out this boundary case
    #remove_dup([{1:2}, {1:2}]) == []
    lst = sorted(set(tuple(e.items()) for e in lst), key = len)
    #Now recreate the dictionary from the set difference of
    #the original list and the elements generated by dup_gen
    #Elements generated by dup_gen are the duplicates that needs to be removed
    return [dict(e) for e in set(lst) - set(dup_gen(lst))]

remove_dup(my_list)
[{'apples': 'green', 'oranges': 'big', 'bananas': 'fresh'}, {'apples': 'green', 'oranges': 'big', 'bananas': 'rotten'}, {'apples': 'red', 'oranges': 'big'}]

remove_dup([{1:2}, {1:2}])
[{1: 2}]

remove_dup([{1:2}])
[{1: 2}]

remove_dup([])
[]

remove_dup([{1:2}, {1:3}])
[{1: 2}, {1: 3}]

更快的实施

def remove_dup(lst):
    #sort the list of dict based on lengths after converting to a item tuple pairs
    #Handle duplicate elements, thanks to DSM for pointing out this boundary case
    #remove_dup([{1:2}, {1:2}]) == []
    lst = sorted(set(tuple(e.items()) for e in lst), key = len)
        #Generate all the duplicates
    dups = (key for key, hay in combinations(lst, 2) if not set(key).difference(hay))
    #Now recreate the dictionary from the set difference of
    #the original list and the duplicate elements
    return [dict(e) for e in set(lst).difference(dups)]