具有片段的Android InstantiationException(它是公共的)

Question

我有一个Fragment(它不是一个内部类,它没有任何构造函数)

public class PreferenceListFragment extends ListFragment implements OnClickListener

我在Android Developer Console上收到此崩溃报告:

java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to start activity 
ComponentInfo{com.redacted.redacted/com.redacted.redacted.PreferenceActivity}: 
android.support.v4.app.Fragment$InstantiationException: 
Unable to instantiate fragment com.redacted.redacted.PreferenceListFragment$3:
make sure class name exists, is public, and has an empty constructor that is
public
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1750)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1766)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleRelaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:2960)
at android.app.ActivityThread.access$1600(ActivityThread.java:127)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:945)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:130)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:3818)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:507)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:875)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:633)
at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)
Caused by: android.support.v4.app.Fragment$InstantiationException: 
Unable to instantiate fragment com.redacted.redacted.PreferenceListFragment$3: 
make sure class name exists, is public, and has an empty constructor that
is public
at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.instantiate(Fragment.java:399)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentState.instantiate(Fragment.java:97)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentManagerImpl.restoreAllState(FragmentManager.java:1760)
at android.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity.onCreate(FragmentActivity.java:200)
at com.redacted.redacted.PreferenceActivity.onCreate(PreferenceActivity.java:37)
at android.app.Instrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(Instrumentation.java:1047)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity(ActivityThread.java:1710)
... 12 more
Caused by: java.lang.InstantiationException: 
com.redacted.redacted.PreferenceListFragment$3
at java.lang.Class.newInstanceImpl(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:1409)
at android.support.v4.app.Fragment.instantiate(Fragment.java:388)
... 18 more

我无法在任何测试设备上复制此内容.

这是PreferenceActivity.onCreate异常发生的地方:

public class PreferenceActivity extends FragmentActivity{

    PreferenceListFragment frag;

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.preference);

        frag = (PreferenceListFragment) getSupportFragmentManager().
                findFragmentById(R.id.preference_list_frag);
        frag.setState(AlarmPreferenceState.Selected);
        frag.setIsTwoPane(false);
    }

    .
    .
    .
}

这是R.layout.preference:

<FrameLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <fragment class="com.redacted.redacted.PreferenceListFragment"
          android:id="@+id/preference_list_frag"
          android:layout_width="match_parent"
          android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

</FrameLayout>

任何人都知道为什么我会得到这个例外,和/或如何重现它？

Answer 1

你MUST有一个空的公共构造函数.无论谁告诉你没有片段构造函数,都会引导你走向错误的方向.

他们可能告诉你的是,没有一个接受参数的构造函数,因为在重新创建片段时系统可能不会调用这些参数.在这种情况下,使用文档中的示例为片段提供参数.

引自文档:

Fragment的所有子类都必须包含一个公共空构造函数.框架通常会在需要时重新实例化一个片段类,特别是在状态恢复期间,并且需要能够找到此构造函数来实例化它.如果空构造函数不可用,则在状态还原期间的某些情况下将发生运行时异常.[1],[2]

[1]:https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Fragment.html

[2]:https://developer.android.com/reference/android/app/Fragment.html#Fragment()