Qt未定义对vtable的引用

Question

Qt未定义对vtable的引用

Jij*_*ose 33 c++ user-interface qt4 codeblocks

我是Qt编程的初学者,并使用代码块进行编程.我创建了3个文件communic.h,commmunicate.cpp和main.cpp,如下所示:

communicate.h

    #ifndef COMMUNICATE_H
    #define COMMUNICATE_H

    #include <QWidget>
    #include <QApplication>
    #include <QPushButton>
    #include <QLabel>

    class Communicate : public QWidget
    {
      Q_OBJECT

      public:
        Communicate(QWidget *parent = 0);


      private slots:
        void OnPlus();
        void OnMinus();

      private:
        QLabel *label;

    };

    #endif

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communicate.cpp

#include "communicate.h"

Communicate::Communicate(QWidget *parent)
    : QWidget(parent)
{
  QPushButton *plus = new QPushButton("+", this);
  plus->setGeometry(50, 40, 75, 30);

  QPushButton *minus = new QPushButton("-", this);
  minus->setGeometry(50, 100, 75, 30);

  label = new QLabel("0", this);
  label->setGeometry(190, 80, 20, 30);

  connect(plus, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(OnPlus()));
  connect(minus, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(OnMinus()));
}

void Communicate::OnPlus()
{
  int val = label->text().toInt();
  val++;
  label->setText(QString::number(val));
}

void Communicate::OnMinus()
{
  int val = label->text().toInt();
  val--;
  label->setText(QString::number(val));
}

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main.cpp中

#include "communicate.h"

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  QApplication app(argc, argv);

  Communicate window;

  window.setWindowTitle("Communicate");
  window.show();

  return app.exec();
}

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并显示错误如下:

obj\Debug\main.o(.text$_ZN11CommunicateD1Ev[Communicate::~Communicate()]+0xb)||In function `ZN7QStringC1EPKc':|
C:\Qt\4.4.3\include\QtCore\..\..\src\corelib\arch\qatomic_windows.h||undefined reference to `vtable for Communicate'|
obj\Debug\main.o(.text$_ZN11CommunicateD1Ev[Communicate::~Communicate()]+0x17):C:\Qt\4.4.3\include\QtCore\..\..\src\corelib\arch\qatomic_windows.h||undefined reference to `vtable for Communicate'|
obj\Debug\communicate.o(.text+0x172)||In function `ZN11CommunicateC2EP7QWidget':|
E:\Project\cam2\communicate.cpp|5|undefined reference to `vtable for Communicate'|
obj\Debug\communicate.o(.text+0x17e):E:\Project\cam2\communicate.cpp|5|undefined reference to `vtable for Communicate'|
obj\Debug\communicate.o(.text+0x63a)||In function `ZN11CommunicateC1EP7QWidget':|
E:\Project\cam2\communicate.cpp|5|undefined reference to `vtable for Communicate'|
obj\Debug\communicate.o(.text+0x646):E:\Project\cam2\communicate.cpp|5|more undefined references to `vtable for Communicate' follow|
||=== Build finished: 6 errors, 0 warnings ===|

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伙计们请帮忙......不能弄明白......

Answer 1

Mat*_*son 30

这是我之前见过的一个微妙的错误(可能至少部分是编译器错误).由于QWidget具有虚拟析构函数,因此编译器需要为您的类提供vtable.但是你的类没有任何虚函数,所以它没有为你的Communicate类构建一个.

添加virtual ~Communicate() {};到您的班级,一切都会很好.

是的,我花了一些时间来解决这个问题!

你不对.我刚刚测试了这个类:class Test:public QObject {Q_OBJECT},这个编译很好,假设头文件驻留在.pro当我评论它的时候 - 我得到了对vtable的undefinde引用 (10认同)
我仍然遇到这个问题，直到我在 qtcreator 的构建菜单中重新运行 `qmake`。 (4认同)
好的，我在不同的设置中看到了这个问题，其中根本不涉及 QT，问题是由于没有声明析构函数引起的。所以可能是交通部正在“修复”这种事情？ (2认同)
我尝试将您提到的代码添加到public下的类中：但是仍然存在问题........... (2认同)
该类确实具有虚函数，它们由Q_OBJECT宏声明。为什么接受这个答案？ (2认同)

Answer 2

Zek*_*eks 21

MOC(元对象编译器)需要知道您的communic.h(以及任何其他Q_OBJECT类)以完成其工作.除非你将它们放在HEADERS部分下的.pro文件中 - 你将得到这个"未定义的引用"

Answer 3

RTO*_*kit 21

解决问题的一个快速选项是删除Q_OBJECT宏,这将允许您编译和测试您的应用程序, 但是,如果您打算每天使用QT在CB上工作必须配置您的环境,那么这不是正确的选择.

我个人更喜欢的一个选项是创建自定义makefile和文件."pro"用于应用程序,它可以在其他环境中轻松移植,如"QtCreator""NetBeansIDE"等.

我会快速解释一下要采取的步骤.如果您已经安装了QtCreator,则需要支持QtCreator文件自行生成,并且有一点经验可以构建自己的文件.

此示例仅允许您在以后必须自定义工作环境的情况下编译和运行"目标发布"下的文件

创建文件:Makefile

####### Compiler, tools and options

PROJECT_NAME  = Communicate
QT_INCLUDE    = /usr/local/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.1/gcc/include/
QT_MKSPECS    = /usr/local/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.1/gcc/mkspecs/
QT_LIB        = /usr/local/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.1/gcc/lib
QT_QMAKE      = /usr/local/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.1/gcc/bin/
CC            = gcc
CXX           = g++
DEFINES       = -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -DQT_SHARED
CFLAGS        = -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT $(DEFINES)
CXXFLAGS      = -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT $(DEFINES)
INCPATH       = -I$(QT_MKSPECS)linux-g++ -I../$(PROJECT_NAME) -I$(QT_INCLUDE)QtCore -I$(QT_INCLUDE)QtGui -I/usr/local/QtSDK/Desktop/Qt/4.8.1/gcc/include -I. -I../$(PROJECT_NAME) -I.
LINK          = g++
LFLAGS        = -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-rpath,$(QT_LIB)
LIBS          = $(SUBLIBS)  -L$(QT_LIB) -lQtGui -L$(QT_LIB) -L/usr/X11R6/lib -lQtCore -lpthread 
AR            = ar cqs
RANLIB        = 
QMAKE         = $(QT_QMAKE)qmake
TAR           = tar -cf
COMPRESS      = gzip -9f
COPY          = cp -f
SED           = sed
COPY_FILE     = $(COPY)
COPY_DIR      = $(COPY) -r
STRIP         = strip
INSTALL_FILE  = install -m 644 -p
INSTALL_DIR   = $(COPY_DIR)
INSTALL_PROGRAM = install -m 755 -p
DEL_FILE      = rm -f
SYMLINK       = ln -f -s
DEL_DIR       = rmdir
MOVE          = mv -f
CHK_DIR_EXISTS= test -d
MKDIR         = mkdir -p

####### Output directory

OBJECTS_DIR   = ./Release

####### Files

SOURCES       = ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/main.cpp \
        ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/communicate.cpp moc_communicate.cpp
OBJECTS       = main.o \
        communicate.o \
        moc_communicate.o
DIST          = $(QT_MKSPECS)common/unix.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/linux.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/gcc-base.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/gcc-base-unix.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/g++-base.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/g++-unix.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)qconfig.pri \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)modules/qt_webkit_version.pri \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/qt_functions.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/qt_config.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/exclusive_builds.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/default_pre.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/release.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/default_post.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/unix/gdb_dwarf_index.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/warn_on.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/qt.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/unix/thread.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/moc.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/resources.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/uic.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/yacc.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/lex.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/include_source_dir.prf \
        ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/$(PROJECT_NAME).pro
QMAKE_TARGET  = $(PROJECT_NAME) Release
DESTDIR       = $(OBJECTS_DIR)
TARGET        = $(PROJECT_NAME)

first: all
####### Implicit rules

.SUFFIXES: .o .c .cpp .cc .cxx .C

.cpp.o:
    $(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCPATH) -o "$@" "$<"

.cc.o:
    $(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCPATH) -o "$@" "$<"

.cxx.o:
    $(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCPATH) -o "$@" "$<"

.C.o:
    $(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCPATH) -o "$@" "$<"

.c.o:
    $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $(INCPATH) -o "$@" "$<"

####### Build rules

all: Makefile $(TARGET)

$(TARGET):  $(OBJECTS)  
    $(LINK) $(LFLAGS) -o $(TARGET) $(OBJECTS) $(OBJCOMP) $(LIBS)

Makefile: ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/$(PROJECT_NAME).pro  $(QT_MKSPECS)linux-g++/qmake.conf $(QT_MKSPECS)common/unix.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/linux.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/gcc-base.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/gcc-base-unix.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/g++-base.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)common/g++-unix.conf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)qconfig.pri \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)modules/qt_webkit_version.pri \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/qt_functions.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/qt_config.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/exclusive_builds.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/default_pre.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/release.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/default_post.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/unix/gdb_dwarf_index.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/warn_on.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/qt.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/unix/thread.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/moc.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/resources.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/uic.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/yacc.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/lex.prf \
        $(QT_MKSPECS)features/include_source_dir.prf \
        $(QT_LIB)/libQtGui.prl \
        $(QT_LIB)/libQtCore.prl
    $(QMAKE) -spec $(QT_MKSPECS)linux-g++ -o Makefile ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/$(PROJECT_NAME).pro
$(QT_MKSPECS)common/unix.conf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)common/linux.conf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)common/gcc-base.conf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)common/gcc-base-unix.conf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)common/g++-base.conf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)common/g++-unix.conf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)qconfig.pri:
$(QT_MKSPECS)modules/qt_webkit_version.pri:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/qt_functions.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/qt_config.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/exclusive_builds.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/default_pre.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/release.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/default_post.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/unix/gdb_dwarf_index.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/warn_on.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/qt.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/unix/thread.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/moc.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/resources.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/uic.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/yacc.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/lex.prf:
$(QT_MKSPECS)features/include_source_dir.prf:
$(QT_LIB)/libQtGui.prl:
$(QT_LIB)/libQtCore.prl:
qmake:  FORCE
    @$(QMAKE) -spec $(QT_MKSPECS)linux-g++ -o Makefile ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/$(PROJECT_NAME).pro

dist: 
    @$(CHK_DIR_EXISTS) .tmp/$(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0 || $(MKDIR) .tmp/$(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0 
    $(COPY_FILE) --parents $(SOURCES) $(DIST) .tmp/$(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0/ && $(COPY_FILE) --parents ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/communicate.h .tmp/$(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0/ && $(COPY_FILE) --parents ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/main.cpp ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/communicate.cpp .tmp/$(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0/ && (cd `dirname .tmp/$(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0` && $(TAR) $(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0.tar $(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0 && $(COMPRESS) $(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0.tar) && $(MOVE) `dirname .tmp/$(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0`/$(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0.tar.gz . && $(DEL_FILE) -r .tmp/$(PROJECT_NAME)1.0.0


clean:compiler_clean 
    -$(DEL_FILE) $(OBJECTS)
    -$(DEL_FILE) *~ core *.core


####### Sub-libraries

distclean: clean
    -$(DEL_FILE) $(TARGET) 

#-$(DEL_FILE) Makefile


check: first

mocclean: compiler_moc_header_clean compiler_moc_source_clean

mocables: compiler_moc_header_make_all compiler_moc_source_make_all

compiler_moc_header_make_all: moc_communicate.cpp
compiler_moc_header_clean:
    -$(DEL_FILE) moc_communicate.cpp
moc_communicate.cpp: ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/communicate.h
    $(QT_QMAKE)moc $(DEFINES) $(INCPATH) ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/communicate.h -o moc_communicate.cpp

compiler_rcc_make_all:
compiler_rcc_clean:
compiler_image_collection_make_all: qmake_image_collection.cpp
compiler_image_collection_clean:
    -$(DEL_FILE) qmake_image_collection.cpp
compiler_moc_source_make_all:
compiler_moc_source_clean:
compiler_uic_make_all:
compiler_uic_clean:
compiler_yacc_decl_make_all:
compiler_yacc_decl_clean:
compiler_yacc_impl_make_all:
compiler_yacc_impl_clean:
compiler_lex_make_all:
compiler_lex_clean:
compiler_clean: compiler_moc_header_clean 

####### Compile

main.o: ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/main.cpp ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/communicate.h
    $(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCPATH) -o main.o ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/main.cpp

communicate.o: ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/communicate.cpp ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/communicate.h
    $(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCPATH) -o communicate.o ../$(PROJECT_NAME)/communicate.cpp

moc_communicate.o: moc_communicate.cpp 
    $(CXX) -c $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCPATH) -o moc_communicate.o moc_communicate.cpp

####### Install

install:   FORCE

uninstall:   FORCE

FORCE:

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创建项目文件:Communicate.pro

QT       += core gui

TARGET = Communicate
TEMPLATE = app


SOURCES += main.cpp\
        communicate.cpp

HEADERS  += communicate.h

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设置自定义Makefile ...项目 - >属性:

设置Makefile

安装程序运行操作...项目 - >属性:

设置运行操作

跑

尽管CB是使用wxWidgets和C/C++的最佳环境,但我个人认为在使用Qt的情况下,QtCreator提供了更加原生的开发环境,并且可以优化您的项目QT.

Answer 4

小智 5

您需要定义析构函数。即使它是从QObject派生的，对于编译器来说，使用默认构造函数/析构函数还是不够的。

Qt链接器错误：“对vtable的未定义引用”

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