Maven Junit 测试“noClassDefFoundError”

Question

我在 Junit 测试中使用 Maven。我使用的是标准的 Maven 项目结构，我可以在 Eclipse 中运行“作为 Junit 测试运行”，它们都成功了，但是如果我想运行 Maven 测试/安装，那么测试没有运行，导致错误“无法初始化类 main.sushi.persistence.Persistor”。

这是我们的项目树：

??? pom.xml
??? src
?   ??? main
?   ?   ??? java
?   ?   ?   ??? main
?   ?   ?       ??? sushi
?   ?   ?           ??? persistence
?   ?   ?               ??? DatabaseEnvironments.java
?   ?   ?               ??? META-INF
?   ?   ?               ?   ??? persistence.xml
?   ?   ?               ?   ??? persistence_template.xml
?   ?   ?               ??? Persistor.java
?   ?   ??? resources
?   ??? test
?       ??? java
?       ?   ??? META-INF
?       ?   ?   ??? persistence.xml
?       ?   ?   ??? persistence_template.xml
?       ?   ??? test
?       ?       ??? sushi
?       ?           ??? persistence
?       ?               ??? ProcessPersistorTest.java
?       ?               ??? TestPersistor.java
?       ??? resources
??? target
    ??? classes
    ?   ??? META-INF
    ?   ?   ??? MANIFEST.MF
    ?   ?   ??? maven
    ?   ?       ??? sushi
    ?   ?           ??? SushiPersistence
    ?   ?               ??? pom.properties
    ?   ?               ??? pom.xml
    ?   ??? main
    ?       ??? sushi
    ?           ??? persistence
    ?               ??? DatabaseEnvironments.class
    ?               ??? META-INF
    ?               ?   ??? persistence.xml
    ?               ?   ??? persistence_template.xml
    ?               ??? Persistor.class
    ??? generated-sources
    ?   ??? annotations
    ??? surefire
    ??? surefire-reports
    ?   ??? TEST-test.sushi.persistence.ProcessPersistorTest.xml
    ?   ??? TEST-test.sushi.persistence.TestPersistor.xml
    ?   ??? test.sushi.persistence.ProcessPersistorTest.txt
    ?   ??? test.sushi.persistence.TestPersistor.txt
    ??? test-classes
        ??? META-INF
        ?   ??? persistence.xml
        ?   ??? persistence_template.xml
        ??? test
            ??? sushi
                ??? persistence
                    ??? ProcessPersistorTest.class
                    ??? TestPersistor.class

绒球：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>sushi</groupId>
    <artifactId>SushiPersistence</artifactId>
    <version>SNAPSHOT</version>
    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>EclipseLink</id>
            <url>http://download.eclipse.org/rt/eclipselink/maven.repo</url>
        </repository>
    </repositories>
    <build>

        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.7</source>
                    <target>1.7</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>de.hpi-web.sushicommon</groupId>
            <artifactId>SushiCommon</artifactId>
            <version>SNAPSHOT</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>eclipselink</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.eclipse.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>org.eclipse.persistence.jpa</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.0</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.22</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>


</project>

Answer 1

src/main/sushi/persistence/META-INF中的资源必须位于src/main/resources下，并且用于测试的相应文件夹必须位于src/test/resources下，而不是src/main/java或src/test/中爪哇。