将"tree/f/a"结果保存到具有unicode支持的文本文件中

Question

我正在尝试在Windows命令行中使用tree命令来生成列出目录内容的文本文件,但是当我管道输出时,unicode字符被填满.

这是我正在使用的命令:

tree /f /a > output.txt

控制台窗口中的结果很好:

\---Erika szobája
        cover.jpg
        Erika szobája.m3u
        Kátai Tamás - 01 Télvíz.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 02 Zölderdõ.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 03 Renoir kertje.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 04 Esõben szaladtál.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 05 Ázik az út.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 06 Sûrû völgyek takaród.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 07 Õszhozó.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 08 Mécsvilág.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 09 Zúzmara.ogg

但文本文件不好:

\---Erika szob ja
        cover.jpg
        Erika szob ja.m3u
        K tai Tam s - 01 T‚lv¡z.ogg
        K tai Tam s - 02 Z”lderdä.ogg
        K tai Tam s - 03 Renoir kertje.ogg
        K tai Tam s - 04 Esäben szaladt l.ogg
        K tai Tam s - 05 µzik az £t.ogg
        K tai Tam s - 06 S–r– v”lgyek takar¢d.ogg
        K tai Tam s - 07 åszhoz¢.ogg
        K tai Tam s - 08 M‚csvil g.ogg
        K tai Tam s - 09 Z£zmara.ogg

我怎样才能解决这个问题？理想情况下,文本文件与控制台窗口中的输出完全相同.

我尝试使用/ U开关运行命令行的Chris Jester-Young的建议(发生了什么,你删除它吗？),它看起来就像我需要但它似乎不起作用.我试过在VS2008和记事本中打开文件,两者都显示相同的错误字符.

Answer 1

有人已经尝试过这个:

tree /f /a |clip

打开记事本,ctrl + V,保存在记事本中作为output.txt,支持unicode？

Answer 2

如果输出为非Unicode(您显然这样做),则必须使用控制台窗口使用的相同编码查看您创建的文本文件.这就是它在控制台中看起来正确的原因.在某些文本编辑器中,您可以在打开文件时选择编码(或"代码页").(如何输出为Unicode我不知道.cmd/U没有做文档所说的.)

控制台编码取决于您的Windows安装.对我来说,它是Microsoft Word中的"西欧(DOS)"(或者只是"MS-DOS").

Answer 3

使用PowerShell:

powershell -command "tree /f > tree.txt"

测试用例:

create.ps1:

mkdir "Erika szobája"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/cover.jpg"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Erika szobája.m3u"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Kátai Tamás - 01 Télvíz.ogg"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Kátai Tamás - 02 Zölderdõ.ogg"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Kátai Tamás - 03 Renoir kertje.ogg"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Kátai Tamás - 04 Esõben szaladtál.ogg"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Kátai Tamás - 05 Ázik az út.ogg"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Kátai Tamás - 06 Sûrû völgyek takaród.ogg"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Kátai Tamás - 07 Õszhozó.ogg"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Kátai Tamás - 08 Mécsvilág.ogg"
$null | Set-Content "Erika szobája/Kátai Tamás - 09 Zúzmara.ogg"

输出:

tree.txt:

Folder PATH listing
Volume serial number is 00000000 0000:0000
C:.
?   create.ps1
?   tree.txt
?   
????Erika szobája
        cover.jpg
        Erika szobája.m3u
        Kátai Tamás - 01 Télvíz.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 02 Zölderdo.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 03 Renoir kertje.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 04 Esoben szaladtál.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 05 Azik az út.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 06 Sûrû völgyek takaród.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 07 Oszhozó.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 08 Mécsvilág.ogg
        Kátai Tamás - 09 Zúzmara.ogg

编辑:

针对高级用户的增强和改进版本

测试用例:

$null | Set-Content "?????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "?????,???.txt"
$null | Set-Content "??????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "?????????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "???????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "???????.txt"

$null | Set-Content "?????????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "??????????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "??????????????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "????.txt"

$null | Set-Content "?? ?? ????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "? ??? ????.txt"
$null | Set-Content "??? ?? ???.txt"
$null | Set-Content "?? ?? ?? ?? ??.txt"
$null | Set-Content "? ??? ???, ? ??? ???.txt"

根据他的回答,@ Chris Jester-Young写道:

现在,ulib该WriteString方法在两个类中实现,SCREEN并且STREAM.该SCREEN版本使用 WriteConsoleW直接,因此所有的Unicode字符得到正确显示.该STREAM版本将Unicode文本转换为三种不同编码之一(_UseConsoleConversions⇒控制台代码页(GetConsoleCP),_UseAnsiConversions⇒默认ANSI代码页,否则⇒默认OEM代码页),然后将其写出.

这意味着我们不能依赖从流中获取字符.文件重定向不起作用.我们必须依靠写入控制台来获取Unicode字符.

解决方法或黑客是将树写入控制台,然后将缓冲区转储到文件中.

当您在资源管理器中右键单击目录时,我编写了脚本以添加树上下文菜单.将文件保存在同一目录中,然后Install list menu.bat以管理员身份运行以进行安装.

Install list menu.bat

@echo on

regedit /s "List files.reg"

copy "List.ps1" "%SystemRoot%"

pause

List files.reg

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

; Directory.
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\Shell\List]
"MUIVerb"="List"
"ExtendedSubCommandsKey"="Directory\\ContextMenus\\List"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\ContextMenus\List\Shell\Files]
"MUIVerb"="Files"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\ContextMenus\List\Shell\Files\Command]
; powershell -executionPolicy bypass "%SystemRoot%\List.ps1" -type 'files' -directory '%1'
@=hex(2):70,00,6f,00,77,00,65,00,72,00,73,00,68,00,65,00,6c,00,6c,00,20,00,2d,\
  00,65,00,78,00,65,00,63,00,75,00,74,00,69,00,6f,00,6e,00,50,00,6f,00,6c,00,\
  69,00,63,00,79,00,20,00,62,00,79,00,70,00,61,00,73,00,73,00,20,00,22,00,25,\
  00,53,00,79,00,73,00,74,00,65,00,6d,00,52,00,6f,00,6f,00,74,00,25,00,5c,00,\
  4c,00,69,00,73,00,74,00,2e,00,70,00,73,00,31,00,22,00,20,00,2d,00,74,00,79,\
  00,70,00,65,00,20,00,27,00,66,00,69,00,6c,00,65,00,73,00,27,00,20,00,2d,00,\
  64,00,69,00,72,00,65,00,63,00,74,00,6f,00,72,00,79,00,20,00,27,00,25,00,31,\
  00,27,00,00,00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\ContextMenus\List\Shell\FilesRecursively]
"MUIVerb"="Files recursively"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\ContextMenus\List\Shell\FilesRecursively\Command]
; powershell -executionPolicy bypass "%SystemRoot%\List.ps1" -type 'filesRecursively' -directory '%1'
@=hex(2):70,00,6f,00,77,00,65,00,72,00,73,00,68,00,65,00,6c,00,6c,00,20,00,2d,\
  00,65,00,78,00,65,00,63,00,75,00,74,00,69,00,6f,00,6e,00,50,00,6f,00,6c,00,\
  69,00,63,00,79,00,20,00,62,00,79,00,70,00,61,00,73,00,73,00,20,00,22,00,25,\
  00,53,00,79,00,73,00,74,00,65,00,6d,00,52,00,6f,00,6f,00,74,00,25,00,5c,00,\
  4c,00,69,00,73,00,74,00,2e,00,70,00,73,00,31,00,22,00,20,00,2d,00,74,00,79,\
  00,70,00,65,00,20,00,27,00,66,00,69,00,6c,00,65,00,73,00,52,00,65,00,63,00,\
  75,00,72,00,73,00,69,00,76,00,65,00,6c,00,79,00,27,00,20,00,2d,00,64,00,69,\
  00,72,00,65,00,63,00,74,00,6f,00,72,00,79,00,20,00,27,00,25,00,31,00,27,00,\
  00,00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\ContextMenus\List\Shell\Tree]
"MUIVerb"="Tree"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\ContextMenus\List\Shell\Tree\Command]
; powershell -executionPolicy bypass "%SystemRoot%\List.ps1" -type 'tree' -directory '%1'
@=hex(2):70,00,6f,00,77,00,65,00,72,00,73,00,68,00,65,00,6c,00,6c,00,20,00,2d,\
  00,65,00,78,00,65,00,63,00,75,00,74,00,69,00,6f,00,6e,00,50,00,6f,00,6c,00,\
  69,00,63,00,79,00,20,00,62,00,79,00,70,00,61,00,73,00,73,00,20,00,22,00,25,\
  00,53,00,79,00,73,00,74,00,65,00,6d,00,52,00,6f,00,6f,00,74,00,25,00,5c,00,\
  4c,00,69,00,73,00,74,00,2e,00,70,00,73,00,31,00,22,00,20,00,2d,00,74,00,79,\
  00,70,00,65,00,20,00,27,00,74,00,72,00,65,00,65,00,27,00,20,00,2d,00,64,00,\
  69,00,72,00,65,00,63,00,74,00,6f,00,72,00,79,00,20,00,27,00,25,00,31,00,27,\
  00,00,00

; Directory background.
[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\Background\Shell\List]
"MUIVerb"="List"
"ExtendedSubCommandsKey"="Directory\\Background\\ContextMenus\\List"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\Background\ContextMenus\List\Shell\Files]
"MUIVerb"="Files"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\Background\ContextMenus\List\Shell\Files\Command]
; powershell -executionPolicy bypass "%SystemRoot%\List.ps1" -type 'files' -directory '%V'
@=hex(2):70,00,6f,00,77,00,65,00,72,00,73,00,68,00,65,00,6c,00,6c,00,20,00,2d,\
  00,65,00,78,00,65,00,63,00,75,00,74,00,69,00,6f,00,6e,00,50,00,6f,00,6c,00,\
  69,00,63,00,79,00,20,00,62,00,79,00,70,00,61,00,73,00,73,00,20,00,22,00,25,\
  00,53,00,79,00,73,00,74,00,65,00,6d,00,52,00,6f,00,6f,00,74,00,25,00,5c,00,\
  4c,00,69,00,73,00,74,00,2e,00,70,00,73,00,31,00,22,00,20,00,2d,00,74,00,79,\
  00,70,00,65,00,20,00,27,00,66,00,69,00,6c,00,65,00,73,00,27,00,20,00,2d,00,\
  64,00,69,00,72,00,65,00,63,00,74,00,6f,00,72,00,79,00,20,00,27,00,25,00,56,\
  00,27,00,00,00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\Background\ContextMenus\List\Shell\FilesRecursively]
"MUIVerb"="Files recursively"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\Background\ContextMenus\List\Shell\FilesRecursively\Command]
; powershell -executionPolicy bypass "%SystemRoot%\List.ps1" -type 'filesRecursively' -directory '%V'
@=hex(2):70,00,6f,00,77,00,65,00,72,00,73,00,68,00,65,00,6c,00,6c,00,20,00,2d,\
  00,65,00,78,00,65,00,63,00,75,00,74,00,69,00,6f,00,6e,00,50,00,6f,00,6c,00,\
  69,00,63,00,79,00,20,00,62,00,79,00,70,00,61,00,73,00,73,00,20,00,22,00,25,\
  00,53,00,79,00,73,00,74,00,65,00,6d,00,52,00,6f,00,6f,00,74,00,25,00,5c,00,\
  4c,00,69,00,73,00,74,00,2e,00,70,00,73,00,31,00,22,00,20,00,2d,00,74,00,79,\
  00,70,00,65,00,20,00,27,00,66,00,69,00,6c,00,65,00,73,00,52,00,65,00,63,00,\
  75,00,72,00,73,00,69,00,76,00,65,00,6c,00,79,00,27,00,20,00,2d,00,64,00,69,\
  00,72,00,65,00,63,00,74,00,6f,00,72,00,79,00,20,00,27,00,25,00,56,00,27,00,\
  00,00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\Background\ContextMenus\List\Shell\Tree]
"MUIVerb"="Tree"

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Classes\Directory\Background\ContextMenus\List\Shell\Tree\Command]
; powershell -executionPolicy bypass "%SystemRoot%\List.ps1" -type 'tree' -directory '%V'
@=hex(2):70,00,6f,00,77,00,65,00,72,00,73,00,68,00,65,00,6c,00,6c,00,20,00,2d,\
  00,65,00,78,00,65,00,63,00,75,00,74,00,69,00,6f,00,6e,00,50,00,6f,00,6c,00,\
  69,00,63,00,79,00,20,00,62,00,79,00,70,00,61,00,73,00,73,00,20,00,22,00,25,\
  00,53,00,79,00,73,00,74,00,65,00,6d,00,52,00,6f,00,6f,00,74,00,25,00,5c,00,\
  4c,00,69,00,73,00,74,00,2e,00,70,00,73,00,31,00,22,00,20,00,2d,00,74,00,79,\
  00,70,00,65,00,20,00,27,00,74,00,72,00,65,00,65,00,27,00,20,00,2d,00,64,00,\
  69,00,72,00,65,00,63,00,74,00,6f,00,72,00,79,00,20,00,27,00,25,00,56,00,27,\
  00,00,00

List.ps1

function sortNaturally {
    [Regex]::replace($_, '\d+', {
        $args[0].value.padLeft(20)
    })
}

function writeList {
    param(
        [parameter(mandatory = $true)]
        [string] $text = $null
    )

    $filePath = "$env:temp\List.txt"
    $text > "$filePath"
    notepad "$filePath" | out-null
    del "$filePath"
}

function listFiles {
    param(
        [switch] $recurse = $false
    )

    get-childItem -name -recurse:$recurse -force | sort-object $function:sortNaturally | out-string
}

function listTree {
    tree /f
}

function getBufferText {
    $rawUi = $host.ui.rawUi
    $width = [Math]::max([Math]::max($rawUi.bufferSize.width, $rawUi.windowSize.width) - 1, 0)
    $height = [Math]::max($rawUi.cursorPosition.y - 1, 0)

    $lines = new-object System.Text.StringBuilder
    $characters = new-object System.Text.StringBuilder

    for ($h = 0; $h -lt $height; $h += 1) {
        $rectangle = new-object System.Management.Automation.Host.Rectangle 0, $h, $width, $h
        $buffer = $rawUi.getBufferContents($rectangle)

        for ($w = 0; $w -lt $width; $w += 1) {
            $cell = $buffer[0, $w]
            $character = $cell.character
            $characters.append($character) | out-null
        }

        $lines.appendLine($characters.toString()) | out-null
        $characters.length = 0
    }

    $lines.toString() -replace '[ \0]*\r?\n', "`r`n"
}

function main {
    param(
        [parameter(mandatory = $true)]
        [string] $type = $null,

        [parameter(mandatory = $true)]
        [string] $directory = $null
    )

    $outputEncoding = [Text.UTF8Encoding]::UTF8
    [Console]::outputEncoding = [Text.UTF8Encoding]::UTF8
    $PSDefaultParameterValues['out-file:encoding'] = 'utf8'

    set-location -literalPath "$directory"

    $typeFunction = @{
        'files' = { writeList -text $(listFiles) };
        'filesRecursively' = { writeList -text $(listFiles -recurse) };
        'tree' = {
            listTree
            writeList -text $(getBufferText)
        }
    }

    &($typeFunction.get_item($type))
}

main @args

Answer 4

我决定不得不看看tree.com并弄清楚为什么它不尊重控制台的Unicode设置.事实证明,(像许多的命令行文件工具),它使用一种称为库ulib.dll来完成所有的印刷(具体TREE::DisplayName要求WriteString中ulib).

现在,ulib该WriteString方法在两个类中实现,SCREEN并且STREAM.该SCREEN版本使用WriteConsoleW直接,因此所有的Unicode字符得到正确显示.该STREAM版本将Unicode文本转换为三种不同编码之一(_UseConsoleConversions⇒控制台代码页(GetConsoleCP),_UseAnsiConversions⇒默认ANSI代码页,否则⇒默认OEM代码页),然后将其写出.我不知道如何更改转换模式,我不相信可以禁用转换.

我只是简单地看了一下,所以也许更多的冒险灵魂可以更多地谈论它!:-)

Answer 5

你可以试试

tree /A > output.txt

虽然看起来和CMD线不一样，但还是可以接受的。：P

Answer 6

这将在桌面上将结果保存为ASCII(美国信息交换标准代码),ASCII\ANSI无法识别每个国际或扩展字符:

tree /f > ascii.txt

这会将您的ASCII文本转换为Unicode(/ c必须在实际命令之前):

cmd /u /c type ascii.txt > unicode.txt

那么为什么不把ascii文件想象成一个临时文件并将其删除呢？

del ascii.txt

如果您必须将所有内容放在一行中,您可以使用:

tree /f > ascii.txt & cmd.exe /u /c type ascii.txt > unicode.txt & del ascii.txt