Fir*_*cer 13 c++ containers dictionary stl
我想存储一堆键值对象,但值对象本身(及其对它的引用)知道它的键.我还想在只给出密钥的情况下有效地查找这些对象.
class SomeObject
{
private:
//String or integer. int seem cheap enough to duplicate with std::map, but
//strings seem pretty expensive when there may be thousands of objects in existence.
//Reference/Pointer to key is fine
const SomeOtherObject key;
...other stuff...
public:
...methods, some of which use the key in some way...
};
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C ++ 14 std::set::find非关键搜索
如http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/set/find所述,C ++ 14添加了两个新的findAPI:
main.cpp
template< class K > iterator find( const K& x );
template< class K > const_iterator find( const K& x ) const;
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这使您可以:
#include <cassert>
#include <set>
class Point {
public:
// Note that there is _no_ conversion constructor,
// everything is done at the template level without
// intermediate object creation.
//Point(int x) : x(x) {}
Point(int x, int y) : x(x), y(y) {}
int x;
int y;
};
bool operator<(const Point& c, int x) { return c.x < x; }
bool operator<(int x, const Point& c) { return x < c.x; }
bool operator<(const Point& c, const Point& d) {
return c.x < d;
}
int main() {
// std::less<> because of:
// /sf/ask/1422218941/
std::set<Point, std::less<>> s;
s.insert(Point(1, -1));
s.insert(Point(2, -2));
s.insert(Point(0, 0));
s.insert(Point(3, -3));
assert(s.find(0)->y == 0);
assert(s.find(1)->y == -1);
assert(s.find(2)->y == -2);
assert(s.find(3)->y == -3);
// Ignore 1234, find 1.
assert(s.find(Point(1, 1234))->y == -1);
}
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已在Ubuntu 16.10、6.2.0上测试g++,具有:
g++ -std=c++14 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -o main.out main.cpp
./main.out
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使用自定义类而不是 less<>
这使事情更加明确,并允许您为每个类编写多个比较器:
#include <cassert>
#include <set>
class Point {
public:
Point(int x, int y) : x(x), y(y) {}
int x;
int y;
};
struct PointCmpY {
// /sf/ask/1422218941/
typedef std::true_type is_transparent;
bool operator()(const Point& lhs, int rhs) const {
return lhs.y < rhs;
}
bool operator()(int lhs, const Point& rhs) const {
return lhs < rhs.y;
}
bool operator()(const Point& lhs, const Point& rhs) const {
return lhs.y < rhs.y;
}
};
int main() {
std::set<Point, PointCmpY> s;
s.insert(Point(1, -1));
s.insert(Point(2, -2));
s.insert(Point(0, 0));
s.insert(Point(3, -3));
assert(s.find(0)->x == 0);
assert(s.find(-1)->x == 1);
assert(s.find(-2)->x == 2);
assert(s.find(-3)->x == 3);
assert(s.find(Point(1234, -1))->x == 1);
}
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也可以看看
我感受到你的痛苦。让我生气的是,set和map总是在底层使用相同的数据结构来实现,这是一个tree用密钥提取器参数化的值。不幸的是标准中没有这样的东西。
如果 boost 可以,使用Boost.MultiIndex来实现你所需要的。也看看Boost.Intrusive。
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