Android ViewPager/PagerAdapter ImageView OutOfMemoryError

Question

我在StackOverflow和其他地方看到了类似于此的各种问题,但这些解决方案似乎都没有解决我的问题,如下所示:

我有一个带有简单PagerAdapter的ViewPager.每个"页面"都有一个与之关联的XML布局,其中包含至少一个TextView,一个ImageView,有时还包含另一个TextView.与ImageView相关联的图像在一维中通常为1000px而在另一维中较少,但它们是8位索引的Gif,因此它们都不比20kB大得多.我将它们设置为Drawables,然后适当缩小以适应分配给它们的空间.

只有6页.当我启动活动时,它工作正常,我甚至可以翻到最后一页,但如果我一直向右翻转然后一直向左翻转,我得到一个OutOfMemoryError.这对我来说没有意义,因为我认为ViewPager应该在超过1个屏幕之外销毁页面,并且我正在处理destroyItem(),如其他地方所建议的那样.

以下是PagerAdapter的代码:

package doop.doop.dedoop;

import doop.doop.dedoop.R.layout;
import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v4.view.PagerAdapter;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class HelpPagerAdapter extends PagerAdapter{
    private Context applicationContext;
    private Context activityContext;

    public HelpPagerAdapter(Context appContext, Context activContext){
        applicationContext = appContext;
        activityContext = activContext;
    }

    public int getCount() {
        return 6;
    }

    public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup collection, int position) {
        LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) collection.getContext()
                .getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);

        int resId = 0;
        int ivId = 0;
        int drawId = 0;
        switch (position) {
        case 0:
            resId = R.layout.help1;
            ivId = R.id.helpImage1;
            drawId = R.drawable.left_col_highlight;
            break;
        case 1:
            resId = R.layout.help2;
            ivId = R.id.helpImage2;
            drawId = R.drawable.right_col_highlight;
            break;
        case 2:
            resId = R.layout.help3;
            ivId = R.id.helpImage3;
            drawId = R.drawable.p2win;
            break;
        case 3:
            resId = R.layout.help4;
            ivId = R.id.helpImage4;
            drawId = R.drawable.first_move;
            break;
        case 4:
            resId = R.layout.help5;
            ivId = R.id.helpImage5;
            drawId = R.drawable.screen_bottom;
            break;
        case 5:
            resId = R.layout.help6;
            ivId = R.id.helpImage6;
            drawId = R.drawable.illegal_move;
            break;
        }
        View view = inflater.inflate(resId, null);
        collection.addView(view, 0);

        if (ivId != 0 && drawId != 0) {
            ImageView iv = (ImageView) view.findViewById(ivId);
            iv.setImageDrawable(activityContext.getResources().getDrawable(drawId));
        }

        return view;
    }

    @Override
    public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object) {
        container.removeView((View)object);   
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isViewFromObject(View arg0, Object arg1) {
        return arg0 == ((View) arg1);
    }

}

以下是其中一个页面布局的示例:

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        style="@style/helpPageLayout" >

    <TextView
        style="@style/helpText"
        android:text="@string/help2" />

    <ImageView android:id="@+id/helpImage2"
        style="@style/helpImage" />            

</LinearLayout>

这是整个事情的活动:

package doop.doop.dedoop;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.Typeface;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;

public class Help extends Activity {

    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_help);

        // Set up the ViewPager and its kin
        HelpPagerAdapter adapter = new HelpPagerAdapter(getApplicationContext(), this);
        ViewPager helpPager = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.helpPager);
        helpPager.setAdapter(adapter);      

    }

    public void exitHelp(View view) {
        finish();
    }

}

这是Activity的布局:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/mainHelp"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager android:id="@+id/helpPager"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <Button
        android:text="@string/helpBack"
        android:onClick="exitHelp"
        style="@style/mainMenuButtons" />

</LinearLayout>

最后,这是错误:

12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090): FATAL EXCEPTION: main
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090): java.lang.OutOfMemoryError
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.graphics.Bitmap.nativeCreate(Native Method)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:605)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.graphics.Bitmap.createBitmap(Bitmap.java:551)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.graphics.Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(Bitmap.java:437)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.finishDecode(BitmapFactory.java:618)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeStream(BitmapFactory.java:593)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.graphics.BitmapFactory.decodeResourceStream(BitmapFactory.java:445)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.graphics.drawable.Drawable.createFromResourceStream(Drawable.java:775)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.content.res.Resources.loadDrawable(Resources.java:1968)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.content.res.Resources.getDrawable(Resources.java:677)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at doop.doop.dedoop.HelpPagerAdapter.instantiateItem(HelpPagerAdapter.java:69)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.addNewItem(ViewPager.java:801)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:962)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager.populate(ViewPager.java:881)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.support.v4.view.ViewPager$3.run(ViewPager.java:237)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:605)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:92)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:137)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4514)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:511)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:980)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:747)
12-08 11:55:23.114: E/AndroidRuntime(9090):     at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

我想可能值得注意的是,这只发生在我正在测试的两个设备中的一个(三星Galaxy SIII,而不是Kindle Fire HD 8.9).

Answer 1

您可以尝试以下几种方法:

• 使用PNG作为图像,尝试一些png-crunch-app(或使用photoshop> export for web)
• 回收您的观点:

保持您在ArrayList中的destroyItem()中从容器中删除的视图.在instantiateItem()期间,首先检查您的arraylist中是否有未使用的视图,如果是,请使用该视图.如果没有,膨胀一个.这样,您只需对3个视图进行充气,然后再循环其余视图.请点击这里获取更多信息有关ViewHolders防止调用findViewById()太多.

• 更有效地加载位图:

使用带有inJustDecodeBounds = true的BitmapFactory.Options来解码位图并检查位图的边界.然后使用inSampleSize解码较小的版本.如果这与您相关请查看此处了解更多信息.

• 主要项目

使用pagerAdapter的setPrimaryItem().并在那里加载位图.这样,您只加载当前可见项的位图,从而减少内存负载.但有点打败预加载上一页/下一页的点,以获得更流畅的滚动和更好的用户体验.

示例代码(未测试!)

private ImageView primaryView;

@Override
public void setPrimaryItem(ViewGroup container, int position, Object object)
{
    super.setPrimaryItem(container, position, object);
    if (this.primaryView == object)
    {
        //this method might be called a lot, so don't do anything unless the primaryView changes!
        return ;
    }
    if (this.primaryView != null)
    {
        //recycle the previous bitmap to clear memory
        ((BitmapDrawable)this.primaryView.getDrawable()).getBitmap().recycle();
    }
    //set new primary view
    this.primaryView = (ImageView) object;
    int resourceId = 0;//get image resource id here
    //load bitmap here efficiently
    this.primaryView.setImageResource(resourceId);
}

Answer 2

helpPager.setOffscreenPageLimit(MAX_PAGES);

当页面超出此范围时它将被破坏。