以3组为单位打印python列表

Question

我有一个包含107个名字的列表,我想以3个左右的组形式打印出来,每个名称用一个标签分隔,每行后面有一个换行符,直到结束.我怎样才能做到这一点？

与for item in list print item我只能得到每场的行1名,这是很好的我想,但我想更适合在控制台一次,所以我想在每行打印3名左右的名字,因为我去通过列表,而不是:

name1
name2
name3
name4
name5
name6

我会得到:

name1     name2     name3
name4     name5     name6

有点难以找到答案,我无法想出我需要的东西,或者我能理解的东西,我发现的大多数事情只是处理len()或range()混淆了我.有一些简单的方法可以做到这一点吗？谢谢!

[edit:update]使用@ inspectorG4dget的示例:

for i in range(0, len(listnames), 5):
    print '\t\t'.join(listnames[i:i+5])

我得到以下内容:http://www.pasteall.org/pic/show.php？id = 41159

我怎样才能清理干净,以便每列中的所有内容都很好地对齐？我想要的容易吗？

Answer 1

1)

li = ['sea','mountain','desert',
      'Emma','Cathy','Kate',
      'ii','uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu','aaa',
      'round','flat','sharp',
      'blueberry','banana','apple',
      'red','purple','white',
      'hen','tiger']

a,b = divmod(len(li),3)
itn = iter(li).next
print ''.join('%s\t%s\t%s\n' % (itn(),itn(),itn())
              for i in xrange(a))\
      + ('%s\t%s\t\n' % (itn(),itn()) if b==2
         else '%s\t\n' % itn() if b==1
         else '')

结果

sea mountain    desert
Emma    Cathy   Kate
ii  uuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu aaa
round   flat    sharp
blueberry   banana  apple
red purple  white
hen tiger   

.

2)

并在宽度取决于列表中最长元素的列中对齐:

li = ['sea','mountain','desert',
      'Emma','Cathy','Kate',
      'HH','VVVVVVV','AAA',
      'round','flat','sharp',
      'blueberry','banana','apple',
      'red','purple','white',
      'hen','tiger']

maxel = max(len(el) for el in li)
a,b = divmod(len(li),3)
itn = iter(li).next
form = '%%-%ds\t%%-%ds\t%%-%ds\n' % (maxel,maxel,maxel)
print ''.join(form % (itn(),itn(),itn())
              for i in xrange(a))\
      + ('%%-%ds\t%%-%ds\t\n' %(maxel,maxel) % (itn(),itn()) if b==2
         else '%%-%ds\t\n' % ma% itn() if b==1
         else '')

结果

sea         mountain    desert   
Emma        Cathy       Kate     
HH          VVVVVVV     AAA      
round       flat        sharp    
blueberry   banana      apple    
red         purple      white    
hen         tiger       

.

3)

要在列中对齐,每列的宽度取决于其中最长的元素:

li = ['sea','mountain','desert',
      'Emma','Cathy','Kate',
      'HH','VVVVVVV','AAA',
      'round','flat','sharp',
      'nut','banana','apple',
      'red','purple','white',
      'hen','tiger']

maxel0 = max(len(li[i]) for i in xrange(0,len(li),3)) 
maxel1 = max(len(li[i]) for i in xrange(1,len(li),3))
maxel2 = max(len(li[i]) for i in xrange(2,len(li),3))
a,b = divmod(len(li),3)
itn = iter(li).next
form = '%%-%ds\t%%-%ds\t%%-%ds\n' % (maxel0,maxel1,maxel2)
print ''.join(form % (itn(),itn(),itn())
              for i in xrange(a))\
      + ('%%-%ds\t%%-%ds\t\n' %(maxel0,maxel1) % (itn(),itn()) if b==2
         else '%%-%ds\t\n' % maxel0 % itn() if b==1
         else '')

结果

sea     mountain    desert
Emma    Cathy       Kate  
HH      VVVVVVV     AAA   
round   flat        sharp 
nut     banana      apple 
red     purple      white 
hen     tiger       

4)

我已经修改了算法,以便推广到任意数量的列.
所需的列数必须作为参数传递给参数nc:

from itertools import imap,islice

li = ['sea','mountain','desert',
      'Emma','Cathy','Kate',
      'HH','VVVVVVV','AAA',
      'round','flat','sharp',
      'nut','banana','apple',
      'heeeeeeeeeeen','tiger','snake'
      'red','purple','white',
      'atlantic','pacific','antarctic',
      'Bellini']

print 'len of li == %d\n' % len(li)

def cols_print(li,nc):
    maxel = tuple(max(imap(len,islice(li,st,None,nc)))
                  for st in xrange(nc))

    nblines,tail = divmod(len(li),nc)
    stakes = (nc-1)*['%%-%ds\t'] + ['%%-%ds']
    form = ''.join(stakes) % maxel

    itn = iter(li).next

    print '\n'.join(form % tuple(itn() for g in xrange(nc))
                  for i in xrange(nblines)) 
    if tail:
        print ''.join(stakes[nc-tail:]) % maxel[0:tail] % tuple(li[-tail:]) + '\n'
    else:
        print


for nc in xrange(3,8):
    cols_print(li,nc)
    print '-----------------------------------------------------------'

结果

len of li == 24

sea             mountain    desert  
Emma            Cathy       Kate    
HH              VVVVVVV     AAA     
round           flat        sharp   
nut             banana      apple   
heeeeeeeeeeen   tiger       snakered
purple          white       atlantic
pacific         antarctic   Bellini 

-----------------------------------------------------------
sea         mountain    desert      Emma         
Cathy       Kate        HH          VVVVVVV      
AAA         round       flat        sharp        
nut         banana      apple       heeeeeeeeeeen
tiger       snakered    purple      white        
atlantic    pacific     antarctic   Bellini      

-----------------------------------------------------------
sea             mountain    desert      Emma    Cathy
Kate            HH          VVVVVVV     AAA     round
flat            sharp       nut         banana  apple
heeeeeeeeeeen   tiger       snakered    purple  white
atlantic        pacific     antarctic   Bellini

-----------------------------------------------------------
sea     mountain    desert      Emma            Cathy       Kate    
HH      VVVVVVV     AAA         round           flat        sharp   
nut     banana      apple       heeeeeeeeeeen   tiger       snakered
purple  white       atlantic    pacific         antarctic   Bellini 

-----------------------------------------------------------
sea     mountain        desert  Emma        Cathy   Kate    HH      
VVVVVVV AAA             round   flat        sharp   nut     banana  
apple   heeeeeeeeeeen   tiger   snakered    purple  white   atlantic
pacific antarctic       Bellini

-----------------------------------------------------------

.

但我更喜欢一种显示,其中列之间没有选项卡,但只有给定数量的字符.
在下面的代码中,我选择将列分隔2个字符:它是行中的2

maxel = tuple(max(imap(len,islice(li,st,None,nc)))+2

代码

from itertools import imap,islice

li = ['sea','mountain','desert',
      'Emma','Cathy','Kate',
      'HH','VVVVVVV','AAA',
      'round','flat','sharp',
      'nut','banana','apple',
      'heeeeeeeeeeen','tiger','snake'
      'red','purple','white',
      'atlantic','pacific','antarctic',
      'Bellini']

print 'len of li == %d\n' % len(li)
def cols_print(li,nc):
    maxel = tuple(max(imap(len,islice(li,st,None,nc)))+2
                  for st in xrange(nc))

    nblines,tail = divmod(len(li),nc)
    stakes = nc*['%%-%ds']
    form = ''.join(stakes) % maxel

    itn = iter(li).next

    print '\n'.join(form % tuple(itn() for g in xrange(nc))
                  for i in xrange(nblines)) 
    if tail:
        print ''.join(stakes[nc-tail:]) % maxel[0:tail] % tuple(li[-tail:]) + '\n'
    else:
        print


for nc in xrange(3,8):
    cols_print(li,nc)
    print 'mwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwm'

结果

len of li == 24

sea            mountain   desert    
Emma           Cathy      Kate      
HH             VVVVVVV    AAA       
round          flat       sharp     
nut            banana     apple     
heeeeeeeeeeen  tiger      snakered  
purple         white      atlantic  
pacific        antarctic  Bellini   

mwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwm
sea       mountain  desert     Emma           
Cathy     Kate      HH         VVVVVVV        
AAA       round     flat       sharp          
nut       banana    apple      heeeeeeeeeeen  
tiger     snakered  purple     white          
atlantic  pacific   antarctic  Bellini        

mwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwm
sea            mountain  desert     Emma     Cathy  
Kate           HH        VVVVVVV    AAA      round  
flat           sharp     nut        banana   apple  
heeeeeeeeeeen  tiger     snakered   purple   white  
atlantic       pacific   antarctic  Bellini  

mwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwm
sea     mountain  desert    Emma           Cathy      Kate      
HH      VVVVVVV   AAA       round          flat       sharp     
nut     banana    apple     heeeeeeeeeeen  tiger      snakered  
purple  white     atlantic  pacific        antarctic  Bellini   

mwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwm
sea      mountain       desert   Emma      Cathy   Kate   HH        
VVVVVVV  AAA            round    flat      sharp   nut    banana    
apple    heeeeeeeeeeen  tiger    snakered  purple  white  atlantic  
pacific  antarctic      Bellini  

mwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwmwm