为组合ggplots添加一个共同的图例

Question

我有两个水平对齐的ggplots grid.arrange.我查看了很多论坛帖子,但我尝试的所有内容似乎都是现在更新并命名为其他内容的命令.

我的数据看起来像这样;

# Data plot 1                                   
        axis1     axis2   
group1 -0.212201  0.358867
group2 -0.279756 -0.126194
group3  0.186860 -0.203273
group4  0.417117 -0.002592
group1 -0.212201  0.358867
group2 -0.279756 -0.126194
group3  0.186860 -0.203273
group4  0.186860 -0.203273

# Data plot 2   
        axis1     axis2
group1  0.211826 -0.306214
group2 -0.072626  0.104988
group3 -0.072626  0.104988
group4 -0.072626  0.104988
group1  0.211826 -0.306214
group2 -0.072626  0.104988
group3 -0.072626  0.104988
group4 -0.072626  0.104988

#And I run this:
library(ggplot2)
library(gridExtra)


groups=c('group1','group2','group3','group4','group1','group2','group3','group4')

x1=data1[,1]
y1=data1[,2]

x2=data2[,1]
y2=data2[,2]

p1=ggplot(data1, aes(x=x1, y=y1,colour=groups)) + geom_point(position=position_jitter(w=0.04,h=0.02),size=1.8)

p2=ggplot(data2, aes(x=x2, y=y2,colour=groups)) + geom_point(position=position_jitter(w=0.04,h=0.02),size=1.8)

#Combine plots
p3=grid.arrange(
p1 + theme(legend.position="none"), p2+ theme(legend.position="none"), nrow=1, widths = unit(c(10.,10), "cm"), heights = unit(rep(8, 1), "cm")))

如何从这些图中提取图例并将其添加到组合图的底部/中心？

Answer 1

2015年2月更新

请参阅下面的史蒂文的回答

df1 <- read.table(text="group   x     y   
group1 -0.212201  0.358867
group2 -0.279756 -0.126194
group3  0.186860 -0.203273
group4  0.417117 -0.002592
group1 -0.212201  0.358867
group2 -0.279756 -0.126194
group3  0.186860 -0.203273
group4  0.186860 -0.203273",header=TRUE)

df2 <- read.table(text="group   x     y   
group1  0.211826 -0.306214
group2 -0.072626  0.104988
group3 -0.072626  0.104988
group4 -0.072626  0.104988
group1  0.211826 -0.306214
group2 -0.072626  0.104988
group3 -0.072626  0.104988
group4 -0.072626  0.104988",header=TRUE)


library(ggplot2)
library(gridExtra)

p1 <- ggplot(df1, aes(x=x, y=y,colour=group)) + geom_point(position=position_jitter(w=0.04,h=0.02),size=1.8) + theme(legend.position="bottom")

p2 <- ggplot(df2, aes(x=x, y=y,colour=group)) + geom_point(position=position_jitter(w=0.04,h=0.02),size=1.8)

#extract legend
#https://github.com/hadley/ggplot2/wiki/Share-a-legend-between-two-ggplot2-graphs
g_legend<-function(a.gplot){
  tmp <- ggplot_gtable(ggplot_build(a.gplot))
  leg <- which(sapply(tmp$grobs, function(x) x$name) == "guide-box")
  legend <- tmp$grobs[[leg]]
  return(legend)}

mylegend<-g_legend(p1)

p3 <- grid.arrange(arrangeGrob(p1 + theme(legend.position="none"),
                         p2 + theme(legend.position="none"),
                         nrow=1),
             mylegend, nrow=2,heights=c(10, 1))

这是结果图:

Answer 2

您也可以使用ggarrange从ggpubr包,并设置"common.legend = TRUE":

library(ggpubr)

dsamp <- diamonds[sample(nrow(diamonds), 1000), ]
p1 <- qplot(carat, price, data = dsamp, colour = clarity)
p2 <- qplot(cut, price, data = dsamp, colour = clarity)
p3 <- qplot(color, price, data = dsamp, colour = clarity)
p4 <- qplot(depth, price, data = dsamp, colour = clarity) 

ggarrange(p1, p2, p3, p4, ncol=2, nrow=2, common.legend = TRUE, legend="bottom")

Answer 3

罗兰的答案需要更新.请参阅:https://github.com/hadley/ggplot2/wiki/Share-a-legend-between-two-ggplot2-graphs

此方法已针对ggplot2 v1.0.0进行了更新.

library(ggplot2)
library(gridExtra)
library(grid)


grid_arrange_shared_legend <- function(...) {
    plots <- list(...)
    g <- ggplotGrob(plots[[1]] + theme(legend.position="bottom"))$grobs
    legend <- g[[which(sapply(g, function(x) x$name) == "guide-box")]]
    lheight <- sum(legend$height)
    grid.arrange(
        do.call(arrangeGrob, lapply(plots, function(x)
            x + theme(legend.position="none"))),
        legend,
        ncol = 1,
        heights = unit.c(unit(1, "npc") - lheight, lheight))
}

dsamp <- diamonds[sample(nrow(diamonds), 1000), ]
p1 <- qplot(carat, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity)
p2 <- qplot(cut, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity)
p3 <- qplot(color, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity)
p4 <- qplot(depth, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity)
grid_arrange_shared_legend(p1, p2, p3, p4)

注意缺乏ggplot_gtable和ggplot_build.ggplotGrob用来代替.这个例子比上面的解决方案有点复杂,但它仍然为我解决了.

Answer 4

一个新的、有吸引力的解决方案是使用patchwork. 语法非常简单：

library(ggplot2)
library(patchwork)

p1 <- ggplot(df1, aes(x = x, y = y, colour = group)) + 
  geom_point(position = position_jitter(w = 0.04, h = 0.02), size = 1.8)
p2 <- ggplot(df2, aes(x = x, y = y, colour = group)) + 
  geom_point(position = position_jitter(w = 0.04, h = 0.02), size = 1.8)

combined <- p1 + p2 & theme(legend.position = "bottom")
combined + plot_layout(guides = "collect")

^{由reprex 包(v0.2.1)于 2019 年 12 月 13 日创建}

Answer 5

@Giuseppe,你可能想要考虑这个灵活的图表安排规范(从这里修改):

library(ggplot2)
library(gridExtra)
library(grid)

grid_arrange_shared_legend <- function(..., nrow = 1, ncol = length(list(...)), position = c("bottom", "right")) {

  plots <- list(...)
  position <- match.arg(position)
  g <- ggplotGrob(plots[[1]] + theme(legend.position = position))$grobs
  legend <- g[[which(sapply(g, function(x) x$name) == "guide-box")]]
  lheight <- sum(legend$height)
  lwidth <- sum(legend$width)
  gl <- lapply(plots, function(x) x + theme(legend.position = "none"))
  gl <- c(gl, nrow = nrow, ncol = ncol)

  combined <- switch(position,
                     "bottom" = arrangeGrob(do.call(arrangeGrob, gl),
                                            legend,
                                            ncol = 1,
                                            heights = unit.c(unit(1, "npc") - lheight, lheight)),
                     "right" = arrangeGrob(do.call(arrangeGrob, gl),
                                           legend,
                                           ncol = 2,
                                           widths = unit.c(unit(1, "npc") - lwidth, lwidth)))
  grid.newpage()
  grid.draw(combined)

}

额外的参数nrow和ncol控制排列图的布局:

dsamp <- diamonds[sample(nrow(diamonds), 1000), ]
p1 <- qplot(carat, price, data = dsamp, colour = clarity)
p2 <- qplot(cut, price, data = dsamp, colour = clarity)
p3 <- qplot(color, price, data = dsamp, colour = clarity)
p4 <- qplot(depth, price, data = dsamp, colour = clarity)
grid_arrange_shared_legend(p1, p2, p3, p4, nrow = 1, ncol = 4)
grid_arrange_shared_legend(p1, p2, p3, p4, nrow = 2, ncol = 2)

Answer 6

我建议使用牛皮画.从他们的R小插图:

# load cowplot
library(cowplot)

# down-sampled diamonds data set
dsamp <- diamonds[sample(nrow(diamonds), 1000), ]

# Make three plots.
# We set left and right margins to 0 to remove unnecessary spacing in the
# final plot arrangement.
p1 <- qplot(carat, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity) +
   theme(plot.margin = unit(c(6,0,6,0), "pt"))
p2 <- qplot(depth, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity) +
   theme(plot.margin = unit(c(6,0,6,0), "pt")) + ylab("")
p3 <- qplot(color, price, data=dsamp, colour=clarity) +
   theme(plot.margin = unit(c(6,0,6,0), "pt")) + ylab("")

# arrange the three plots in a single row
prow <- plot_grid( p1 + theme(legend.position="none"),
           p2 + theme(legend.position="none"),
           p3 + theme(legend.position="none"),
           align = 'vh',
           labels = c("A", "B", "C"),
           hjust = -1,
           nrow = 1
           )

# extract the legend from one of the plots
# (clearly the whole thing only makes sense if all plots
# have the same legend, so we can arbitrarily pick one.)
legend_b <- get_legend(p1 + theme(legend.position="bottom"))

# add the legend underneath the row we made earlier. Give it 10% of the height
# of one plot (via rel_heights).
p <- plot_grid( prow, legend_b, ncol = 1, rel_heights = c(1, .2))
p

Answer 7

如果要在两个图中绘制相同的变量，则最简单的方法是将数据帧组合为一个，然后使用facet_wrap。

例如：

big_df <- rbind(df1,df2)

big_df <- data.frame(big_df,Df = rep(c("df1","df2"),
times=c(nrow(df1),nrow(df2))))

ggplot(big_df,aes(x=x, y=y,colour=group)) 
+ geom_point(position=position_jitter(w=0.04,h=0.02),size=1.8) 
+ facet_wrap(~Df)

使用Diamonds数据集的另一个示例。这表明，如果您的绘图之间只有一个公用变量，您甚至可以使它起作用。

diamonds_reshaped <- data.frame(price = diamonds$price,
independent.variable = c(diamonds$carat,diamonds$cut,diamonds$color,diamonds$depth),
Clarity = rep(diamonds$clarity,times=4),
Variable.name = rep(c("Carat","Cut","Color","Depth"),each=nrow(diamonds)))

ggplot(diamonds_reshaped,aes(independent.variable,price,colour=Clarity)) + 
geom_point(size=2) + facet_wrap(~Variable.name,scales="free_x") + 
xlab("")

第二个示例唯一棘手的事情是，当您将所有内容组合到一个数据框中时，因子变量将被强制转换为数值。因此，理想情况下，主要是在所有感兴趣的变量都属于同一类型时才执行此操作。

Answer 8

@吉塞佩：

我不知道 Grob 等，但我为两个图拼凑了一个解决方案，应该可以扩展到任意数字，但它不是一个性感的函数：

plots <- list(p1, p2)
g <- ggplotGrob(plots[[1]] + theme(legend.position="bottom"))$grobs
legend <- g[[which(sapply(g, function(x) x$name) == "guide-box")]]
lheight <- sum(legend$height)
tmp <- arrangeGrob(p1 + theme(legend.position = "none"), p2 + theme(legend.position = "none"), layout_matrix = matrix(c(1, 2), nrow = 1))
grid.arrange(tmp, legend, ncol = 1, heights = unit.c(unit(1, "npc") - lheight, lheight))

Answer 9

如果两个图的图例相同，则有一个简单的解决方案grid.arrange（假设您希望图例与两个图垂直或水平对齐）。只需保留最底部或最右侧图的图例，同时忽略另一个图的图例。然而，仅向一个图添加图例会改变一个图相对于另一个图的大小。为了避免这种情况，请使用heights命令手动调整并保持它们相同的大小。您甚至可以用来grid.arrange制作公共轴标题。请注意，这library(grid)还需要library(gridExtra). 对于垂直图：

y_title <- expression(paste(italic("E. coli"), " (CFU/100mL)"))

grid.arrange(arrangeGrob(p1, theme(legend.position="none"), ncol=1), 
   arrangeGrob(p2, theme(legend.position="bottom"), ncol=1), 
   heights=c(1,1.2), left=textGrob(y_title, rot=90, gp=gpar(fontsize=20)))

这是我正在从事的项目的类似图表的结果：