如何在objective-c中读取MIME类型的文件

Question

我有兴趣检测我的iPhone应用程序的文档目录中的文件的MIME类型.通过文档搜索没有提供任何答案.

Answer 1

它有点hacky,但它应该工作,不确定,因为我只是猜测它

有两种选择:

1. 如果您只需要MIME类型,请使用timeoutInterval:NSURLRequest.
2. 如果您也想要数据,则应使用注释掉的NSURLRequest.

确保在线程中执行请求,因为它是同步的.

NSString* filePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"imagename" ofType:@"jpg"];
NSString* fullPath = [filePath stringByExpandingTildeInPath];
NSURL* fileUrl = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:fullPath];
//NSURLRequest* fileUrlRequest = [[NSURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:fileUrl];
NSURLRequest* fileUrlRequest = [[NSURLRequest alloc] initWithURL:fileUrl cachePolicy:NSURLCacheStorageNotAllowed timeoutInterval:.1];

NSError* error = nil;
NSURLResponse* response = nil;
NSData* fileData = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:fileUrlRequest returningResponse:&response error:&error];

fileData; // Ignore this if you're using the timeoutInterval
          // request, since the data will be truncated.

NSString* mimeType = [response MIMEType];

[fileUrlRequest release];

Answer 2

添加MobileCoreServices框架.

目标C:

#import <MobileCoreServices/MobileCoreServices.h>    
NSString *fileExtension = [myFileURL pathExtension];
NSString *UTI = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, (__bridge CFStringRef)fileExtension, NULL);
NSString *contentType = (__bridge_transfer NSString *)UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass((__bridge CFStringRef)UTI, kUTTagClassMIMEType);

迅速:

import MobileCoreServices

func mimeType(fileExtension: String) -> String? {

    guard !fileExtension.isEmpty else { return nil }

    if let utiRef = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, fileExtension as CFString, nil) {
        let uti = utiRef.takeUnretainedValue()
        utiRef.release()

        if let mimeTypeRef = UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(UTI, kUTTagClassMIMEType) {
            let mimeType = MIMETypeRef.takeUnretainedValue()
            mimeTypeRef.release()
            return mimeType as String
        }
    }

    return nil
}

Answer 3

正如其他人所提到的那样,接受的答案对于大文件来说是有问题的.我的应用程序处理视频文件,并将整个视频文件加载到内存中是一种使iOS内存不足的好方法.可以在此处找到更好的方法:

/sf/answers/419907841/

上面的代码链接:

+ (NSString*) mimeTypeForFileAtPath: (NSString *) path {
  if (![[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:path]) {
    return nil;
  }
  // Borrowed from https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5996797/determine-mime-type-of-nsdata-loaded-from-a-file
  // itself, derived from  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2439020/wheres-the-iphone-mime-type-database
  CFStringRef UTI = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, (CFStringRef)[path pathExtension], NULL);
  CFStringRef mimeType = UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass (UTI, kUTTagClassMIMEType);
  CFRelease(UTI);
  if (!mimeType) {
    return @"application/octet-stream";
  }
  return [NSMakeCollectable((NSString *)mimeType) autorelease];
}

Answer 4

Prcela解决方案在 Swift 2中不起作用.以下简化函数将返回Swift 2中给定文件扩展名的mime-type:

import MobileCoreServices

func mimeTypeFromFileExtension(fileExtension: String) -> String? {
    guard let uti: CFString = UTTypeCreatePreferredIdentifierForTag(kUTTagClassFilenameExtension, fileExtension as NSString, nil)?.takeRetainedValue() else {
        return nil
    }

    guard let mimeType: CFString = UTTypeCopyPreferredTagWithClass(uti, kUTTagClassMIMEType)?.takeRetainedValue() else {
        return nil
    }

    return mimeType as String
}

Answer 5

我正在使用slf在cocoa应用程序(而不是iPhone)中提供的答案,并注意到URL请求似乎是从磁盘读取整个文件以确定mime类型(对于大文件来说不是很好).

对于想要在桌面上执行此操作的任何人,这里是我使用的片段(基于路易斯的建议):

NSString *path = @"/path/to/some/file";

NSTask *task = [[[NSTask alloc] init] autorelease];
[task setLaunchPath: @"/usr/bin/file"];
[task setArguments: [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"-b", @"--mime-type", path, nil]];

NSPipe *pipe = [NSPipe pipe];
[task setStandardOutput: pipe];

NSFileHandle *file = [pipe fileHandleForReading];

[task launch];
[task waitUntilExit];
if ([task terminationStatus] == YES) {
    NSData *data = [file readDataToEndOfFile];
    return [[[NSString alloc] initWithData: data encoding: NSUTF8StringEncoding] autorelease];
} else {
    return nil;
}

如果您在PDF文件上调用它,它会吐出:application/pdf