在Python中删除临时文件

Question

这是我现有的代码来压缩一个文件夹,我把它放在一起主要来自这里的帮助:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import os
import sys
import datetime

now = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M")
target_dir = '/var/lib/data'
temp_dir='/tmp'

zip = zipfile.ZipFile(os.path.join(temp_dir, now+".zip"), 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
rootlen = len(target_dir) + 1
for base, dirs, files in os.walk(target_dir):
   for file in files:
      fn = os.path.join(base, file)
      zip.write(fn, fn[rootlen:])

如果我想删除我刚刚在操作结束时创建的zip文件,那么最好的命令是这样吗？

os.remove.join(temp_dir, now+".zip")

Answer 1

在os.remove(os.path.join(temp_dir, now + ".zip"))将被罚款.

但是,您应该确保在您希望的每种情况下都能正确执行它.

如果要在任何情况下删除它,你可以这样做

create it
try:
    work with it
finally:
    remove it

但在这种情况下,您也可以使用该tempfile模块:

import tempfile
with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix='.zip') as t:
    z = zipfile.ZipFile(t.name, 'w') # re-create it
    do stuff with z
# after the with clause, the file is gone.

但是,如果您希望它仅在特殊情况下(成功,出错,......)消失,您就会被困住,os.remove(os.path.join(temp_dir, now+".zip"))并且每当要删除文件时都应该使用它.

try:
    do_stuff
except VerySpecialException:
    os.remove(os.path.join(temp_dir, now+".zip")) # do that here for a special exception?
    raise # re-raise
except: # only use a bare except if you intend to re-raise
    os.remove(os.path.join(temp_dir, now+".zip")) # or here for all exceptions?
    raise # re-raise
else:
    os.remove(os.path.join(temp_dir, now+".zip")) # or here for success?