Oracle'INSERT ALL'忽略重复项

Question

我有一个数据库表,它有一个唯一的约束(唯一(DADSNBR, DAROLEID)对).我将同时在这个表中插入多个值,所以我想使用一个查询完成它 - 我假设这将是更快的方式.我的查询是这样的:

INSERT ALL
    INTO ACCESS (DADSNBR, DAROLEID) VALUES (68, 1)
    INTO ACCESS (DADSNBR, DAROLEID) VALUES (68, 2)
    INTO ACCESS (DADSNBR, DAROLEID) VALUES (68, 3)
    INTO ACCESS (DADSNBR, DAROLEID) VALUES (68, 4)
SELECT 1 FROM DUAL

由于语句中的某些条目与数据库中已存在的条目重复,因此整个插入失败并且未插入任何行.

有没有办法忽略唯一约束失败的情况,只需插入唯一的那些,而不必将其拆分成单独的INSERT语句？

编辑:我意识到我可能不想这样做,但我仍然很好奇它是否可能.

Answer 1

在Oracle中,语句要么完全成功要么完全失败(它们是原子的).但是,您可以在某些情况下添加子句来记录异常而不是引发错误:

• 使用BULK COLLECT - SAVE EXCEPTIONS,如askTom上的这个帖子所示,
• 或使用DBMS_ERRLOG(我认为10g以后可用).

第二种方法都是自动的,这是一个演示(使用11gR2):

SQL> CREATE TABLE test (pk1 NUMBER,
  2                     pk2 NUMBER,
  3                     CONSTRAINT pk_test PRIMARY KEY (pk1, pk2));

Table created.

SQL> /* Statement fails because of duplicate */
SQL> INSERT into test (SELECT 1, 1 FROM dual CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 2);

ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00001: unique constraint (VNZ.PK_TEST) violated

SQL> BEGIN dbms_errlog.create_error_log('TEST'); END;
  2  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> /* Statement succeeds and the error will be logged */
SQL> INSERT into test (SELECT 1, 1 FROM dual CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 2)
  2   LOG ERRORS REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED;

1 row(s) inserted.

SQL> select ORA_ERR_MESG$, pk1, pk2 from err$_test;

ORA_ERR_MESG$                                       PK1 PK2
--------------------------------------------------- --- ---
ORA-00001: unique constraint (VNZ.PK_TEST) violated   1   1

您可以使用该LOG ERROR子句INSERT ALL(感谢@Alex Poole),但您必须在每个表之后添加该子句:

SQL> INSERT ALL
  2   INTO test VALUES (1, 1) LOG ERRORS REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED
  3   INTO test VALUES (1, 1) LOG ERRORS REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED
  4  (SELECT * FROM dual);

0 row(s) inserted.

Answer 2

使用MERGE语句来处理这种情况:

merge into "ACCESS" a
using
( 
   select 68 as DADSNBR,1 as DAROLEID from dual union all
   select 68,2 from dual union all
   select 68,3 from dual union all
   select 68,4 from dual
) t 
on (t.DADSNBR = a.DADSNBR and t.DAROLEID = a.DAROLEID)
when not matched then 
  insert (DADSNBR, DAROLEID)
  values (t.DADSNBR, t.DAROLEID);