Android 4.2:嵌套片段的后台堆栈行为

Question

Android 4.2:嵌套片段的后台堆栈行为

AZ1*_*Z13 103 android android-fragments android-nested-fragment

在Android 4.2中,支持库获得了对嵌套片段的支持,请参见此处.我玩过它并发现了一个有关back stack和getChildFragmentManager()的有趣行为/ bug .当使用getChildFragmentManager()和addToBackStack(String name)时,通过按下后退按钮,系统不会将后栈运行到前一个片段.另一方面,当使用getFragmentManager()和addToBackStack(String name)时,按下后退按钮,系统将返回上一个片段.

对我来说,这种行为是出乎意料的.通过按下设备上的后退按钮,即使片段被添加到子节点片段管理器中的后栈,我也希望弹出最后添加到后栈的片段.

这种行为是否正确？这种行为是个错误吗？这个问题有解决方法吗？

使用getChildFragmentManager()的示例代码:

public class FragmentceptionActivity extends FragmentActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle arg0) {
    super.onCreate(arg0);

    final FrameLayout wrapper1 = new FrameLayout(this);
    wrapper1.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
    wrapper1.setId(1);

    final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    params.topMargin = 0;

    final TextView text = new TextView(this);
    text.setLayoutParams(params);
    text.setText("fragment 1");
    wrapper1.addView(text);

    setContentView(wrapper1);

    getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
            .add(1, new Fragment1()).commit();
}

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper2 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper2.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper2.setId(2);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 100;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 2");
        wrapper2.addView(text);

        return wrapper2;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(2, new Fragment2()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper3 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper3.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper3.setId(3);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 200;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 3");
        wrapper3.addView(text);

        return wrapper3;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(3, new Fragment3()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment3 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper4 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper4.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper4.setId(4);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 300;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 4");
        wrapper4.addView(text);

        return wrapper4;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getChildFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(4, new Fragment4()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment4 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper5 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper5.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper5.setId(5);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 400;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 5");
        wrapper5.addView(text);

        return wrapper5;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    }
}

}

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使用getFragmentManager()的示例代码:

public class FragmentceptionActivity extends FragmentActivity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle arg0) {
    super.onCreate(arg0);

    final FrameLayout wrapper1 = new FrameLayout(this);
    wrapper1.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
    wrapper1.setId(1);

    final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
            FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
    params.topMargin = 0;

    final TextView text = new TextView(this);
    text.setLayoutParams(params);
    text.setText("fragment 1");
    wrapper1.addView(text);

    setContentView(wrapper1);

    getSupportFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
            .add(1, new Fragment1()).commit();
}

public class Fragment1 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper2 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper2.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper2.setId(2);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 100;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 2");
        wrapper2.addView(text);

        return wrapper2;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(2, new Fragment2()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment2 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper3 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper3.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper3.setId(3);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 200;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 3");
        wrapper3.addView(text);

        return wrapper3;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(3, new Fragment3()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment3 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper4 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper4.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper4.setId(4);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 300;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 4");
        wrapper4.addView(text);

        return wrapper4;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);

        getFragmentManager().beginTransaction().addToBackStack(null)
                .add(4, new Fragment4()).commit();
    }
}

public class Fragment4 extends Fragment {
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
            Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        final FrameLayout wrapper5 = new FrameLayout(getActivity());
        wrapper5.setLayoutParams(new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT));
        wrapper5.setId(5);

        final FrameLayout.LayoutParams params = new FrameLayout.LayoutParams(
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
                FrameLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT);
        params.topMargin = 400;

        final TextView text = new TextView(getActivity());
        text.setLayoutParams(params);
        text.setText("fragment 5");
        wrapper5.addView(text);

        return wrapper5;
    }

    @Override
    public void onViewCreated(View view, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState);
    }
}

}

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Answer 1

Sea*_*ean 57

好像是一个bug.请查看:http: //code.google.com/p/android/issues/detail？id = 40323

对于我已成功使用的解决方法(如评论中所示):

    @Override
public void onBackPressed() {

    // If the fragment exists and has some back-stack entry
    if (mActivityDirectFragment != null && mActivityDirectFragment.getChildFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0){
        // Get the fragment fragment manager - and pop the backstack
        mActivityDirectFragment.getChildFragmentManager().popBackStack();
    }
    // Else, nothing in the direct fragment back stack
    else{
        // Let super handle the back press
        super.onBackPressed();          
    }
}

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不幸的是,这不是一个合适的解决方案,只是最简单的解决方案.假设你有一个片段,其中包含另一个片段,其中包含另一个片段,依此类推.然后你必须将调用传播到包含另一个或多个片段的最后一个片段:/ (11认同)

Answer 2

ism*_*lik 57

这个解决方案可能是@Sean答案的更好版本:

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    // if there is a fragment and the back stack of this fragment is not empty,
    // then emulate 'onBackPressed' behaviour, because in default, it is not working
    FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
    for (Fragment frag : fm.getFragments()) {
        if (frag.isVisible()) {
            FragmentManager childFm = frag.getChildFragmentManager();
            if (childFm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
                childFm.popBackStack();
                return;
            }
        }
    }
    super.onBackPressed();
}

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我再次根据上面的@Sean回答准备了这个解决方案.

正如@ AZ13所说,这种解决方案只适用于一级子片段情况.在多级片段的情况下,工作变得有点复杂,所以我建议尝试这个解决方案只有我说过的可行案例.=)

注意:由于getFragments方法现在是私有方法,因此此解决方案不起作用.您可以检查链接的注释,该链接建议有关此情况的解决方案.

应该使用林奕忠答案而不是这个 - 它正确处理多个嵌套片段 (2认同)

Answer 3

林奕忠*_*林奕忠 21

这个解决方案可能是@ismailarilik答案的更好版本:

嵌套片段版本

private boolean onBackPressed(FragmentManager fm) {
    if (fm != null) {
        if (fm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0) {
            fm.popBackStack();
            return true;
        }

        List<Fragment> fragList = fm.getFragments();
        if (fragList != null && fragList.size() > 0) {
            for (Fragment frag : fragList) {
                if (frag == null) {
                    continue;
                }
                if (frag.isVisible()) {
                    if (onBackPressed(frag.getChildFragmentManager())) {
                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

@Override
public void onBackPressed() {
    FragmentManager fm = getSupportFragmentManager();
    if (onBackPressed(fm)) {
        return;
    }
    super.onBackPressed();
}

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弹出backstack的顺序与我在此示例中的预期不同.我相信你应该首先在树中找到嵌套最深的可见片段,并尝试在其上弹出后台,然后逐步向上移动树,寻找其他可见的片段,在那里你可以弹出后台,直到你得到一个.处理最简单情况的快速修复方法是更改onBackPressed(FragmentManager fm)函数,并将弹出backstack的块切换为枚举片段的块.这样就会首先在更深层次嵌套的子片段中弹出后台 (9认同)

Answer 4

Mar*_*did 19

这个问题的真正答案是在Fragment Transaction的函数setPrimaryNavigationFragment中.

/**
 * Set a currently active fragment in this FragmentManager as the primary navigation fragment.
 *
 * <p>The primary navigation fragment's
 * {@link Fragment#getChildFragmentManager() child FragmentManager} will be called first
 * to process delegated navigation actions such as {@link FragmentManager#popBackStack()}
 * if no ID or transaction name is provided to pop to. Navigation operations outside of the
 * fragment system may choose to delegate those actions to the primary navigation fragment
 * as returned by {@link FragmentManager#getPrimaryNavigationFragment()}.</p>
 *
 * <p>The fragment provided must currently be added to the FragmentManager to be set as
 * a primary navigation fragment, or previously added as part of this transaction.</p>
 *
 * @param fragment the fragment to set as the primary navigation fragment
 * @return the same FragmentTransaction instance
 */
public abstract FragmentTransaction setPrimaryNavigationFragment(Fragment fragment);

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您必须在活动添加时在初始父片段上设置此功能.我的活动中有一个replaceFragment函数,如下所示:

public void replaceFragment(int containerId, BaseFragment fragment, boolean addToBackstack) {
    FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = fragmentManager.beginTransaction();
    fragmentTransaction.setPrimaryNavigationFragment(fragment);
    if (addToBackstack) {
        fragmentTransaction.addToBackStack(fragment.TAG);
    }

    fragmentTransaction.replace(containerId, fragment).commit();
}

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这会给你一样的行为,就像你从常规片段B回到片段A一样,除了现在它也在子片段上!

很棒的发现！这样可以以一种更简洁，更少被黑客攻击的方式解决OP提到的问题。 (3认同)

Answer 5

Sim*_*mon 13

通过这个答案,它将处理递归反向检查,并为每个片段提供覆盖默认行为的机会.这意味着你可以拥有一个托管ViewPager的片段做一些特别的事情,比如滚动到作为后台的页面,或滚动到主页然后在下一个后退出口.

将此添加到扩展AppCompatActivity的Activity.

@Override
public void onBackPressed()
{
    if(!BaseFragment.handleBackPressed(getSupportFragmentManager())){
        super.onBackPressed();
    }
}

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将此添加到您的BaseFragment或您可以从中继承所有片段的类.

public static boolean handleBackPressed(FragmentManager fm)
{
    if(fm.getFragments() != null){
        for(Fragment frag : fm.getFragments()){
            if(frag != null && frag.isVisible() && frag instanceof BaseFragment){
                if(((BaseFragment)frag).onBackPressed()){
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

protected boolean onBackPressed()
{
    FragmentManager fm = getChildFragmentManager();
    if(handleBackPressed(fm)){
        return true;
    }
    else if(getUserVisibleHint() && fm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0){
        fm.popBackStack();
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

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Answer 6

And*_*Dev 5

此代码将导航片段管理器树并返回添加的最后一个具有可以从堆栈中弹出的片段：

private FragmentManager getLastFragmentManagerWithBack(FragmentManager fm)
{
  FragmentManager fmLast = fm;

  List<Fragment> fragments = fm.getFragments();

  for (Fragment f : fragments)
  {
    if ((f.getChildFragmentManager() != null) && (f.getChildFragmentManager().getBackStackEntryCount() > 0))
    {
      fmLast = f.getFragmentManager();
      FragmentManager fmChild = getLastFragmentManagerWithBack(f.getChildFragmentManager());

      if (fmChild != fmLast)
        fmLast = fmChild;
    }
  }

  return fmLast;
}

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调用方法：

@Override
public void onBackPressed()
{
  FragmentManager fm = getLastFragmentManagerWithBack(getSupportFragmentManager());

  if (fm.getBackStackEntryCount() > 0)
  {
    fm.popBackStack();
    return;
  }

  super.onBackPressed();
}

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