在Ubuntu/Debian中安装Mono 3.x.

Question

我最近读到Mono 3.0已经发布了C#5编译器并支持MVC 4:

http://www.mono-project.com/Release_Notes_Mono_3.0

和

http://tirania.org/blog/archive/2012/Oct-22.html

对于我的生活,我无法找到从哪里获得它作为Linux或甚至Windows的包.

此页面似乎表明它仍处于测试阶段:

http://www.go-mono.com/mono-downloads/download.html

我试过apt-get install mono-complete在Ubuntu 12.10上做一个但它安装了2.10.8.1.

我已经尝试在我的Windows机器上安装MonoDevelop 3,这只是向我展示了MVC 3项目,并且似乎正在使用.NET框架.

我对Mono完全陌生,我用Google搜索了所有可能的东西,试着看看它是如何工作的,但我感到很困惑.如果可能的话,我希望能在Linux上使用它并尝试一些东西.

有人可以对此有所了解,还是我需要从源头构建这个？

Answer 1

Here is the complete guide for installing mono 3.0.1

For Beginners who don't know how to get the new Mono 3.0.1 version on Ubuntu 12.04 (Because i'm a beginner and i've been working on this for 3 days before making it work)

Getting root access to install and configure Mono 3.0.1

sudo -s
***type your root password***

Install vim editor

apt-get install vim

Install apache2

apt-get install apache2

Install tools for compiling mono

apt-get install autoconf automake libtool g++ gettext libglib2.0-dev libpng12-dev libfontconfig1-dev
apt-get install mono-gmcs
apt-get install git

Install apache2-threaded-dev (needed for compiling mod_mono)*

apt-get install apache2-threaded-dev

We will return to apache2 configuration later

Making the structure we need for getting the source code

cd /opt
mkdir mono-3.0

Move into that new folder before getting the source code

cd /opt/mono-3.0

Getting the source code from GitHub

git clone git://github.com/mono/mono.git
git clone git://github.com/mono/xsp.git
git clone git://github.com/mono/libgdiplus.git
git clone git://github.com/mono/mod_mono.git

Compile libgdiplus

cd /opt/mono-3.0/libgdiplus
./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr  (the prefix is very important for Ubuntu 12.04)
make
make install

Compile mono

cd /opt/mono-3.0/mono/
make clean
./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr  (the prefix is very important for Ubuntu 12.04)
make
make install

Compile xsp

cd /opt/mono-3.0/xsp
./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr  (the prefix is very important for Ubuntu 12.04)
make
make install

Compile mod_mono

cd /opt/mono-3.0/mod_mono
./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr  (the prefix is very important for Ubuntu 12.04)
make
make install

After the installation of mod_mono, the file mod_mono.conf *as been added to your apache2 folder(/etc/apache2)*

Configuring apache2

Configure the default site of apache ### (optional*)**

vim /etc/apache2/sites-available/default
Modify the line "DocumentRoot /var/www" by "DocumentRoot /var/www/YourFolder" (YourFolder is the folder where you publishing your website!)

Configure the rights to YourFolder (optional*)**

cd /var/www/YourFolder
sudo chown -R root:www-data .
sudo chmod -R 774 .
sudo usermod -a -G www-data <yourusername>

Adding the mod_mono include in apache2.conf

vim /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
Add "Include /etc/apache2/mod_mono.conf" at the end of the file (without quotes!)

Adding the pointer to ASP .NET 4.0 in mod_mono.conf

vim /etc/apache2/mod_mono.conf
Add "MonoServerPath /usr/bin/mod-mono-server4" (without quotes!) under the "If Modules condition"

Restart the apache2 server /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

Answer 2

Mono 3.x对于Ubuntu 12.10来说太过分了.以这种方式从directhex的PPA中获取预览包(这将安装3.2.1):

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:directhex/monoxide

(如果你使用Ubuntu 13.10鲁莽的,添加库后,你需要编辑的文件/etc/apt/sources.list.d/directhex-monoxide-saucy.list,并替换单词俏皮与铆足了劲)

然后,在那之后:

sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

如果您之前安装了monodevelop,这也将为您提供MonoDevelop 4.x.

注意:direchtex不是一个创建PPA的随机人,他是所有Mono和Mono包的Debian/Ubuntu维护团队的一员.因此,使用它是升级基础架构的最官方方式.

对于那里的debian用户:mono 3.0.6和MonoDevelop 4.0.x 已经可以在debian测试中使用.所以我建议得到的是:

1. 安装debian测试(目前名为debian jessie).
2. 通过执行卸载单声道sudo apt-get purge mono-runtime(执行此操作后,抵制诱惑,sudo apt-get autoremove或者您将破坏您的系统,这是我在此报告的错误).
3. 修改/etc/apt/sources.list,找到提到main源的第一行,并将单词重命名jessie为sid.
4. 做sudo apt-get update.
5. 安装monodevelop via sudo apt-get install monodevelop,它也会将mono作为依赖项.
6. 还原您在第3步中执行的操作.
7. 再做第4步.

这样你就有了或多或少的现代发行版(而不是debian stable),还有非常非常现代的单声道包(Mono的最新版本通常非常稳定).

F#用户:Mono 3.0.6有一个错误,阻止此语言在此版本中运行,请改用Mono 3.2.x.

Answer 3

我已经从源代码安装mono 3.x到Ubuntu Raring的几个步骤:

1:获取依赖项,一次性命中:

sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake \
bison flex gtk-sharp2-gapi boo gdb valac libfontconfig1-dev \
libcairo2-dev libpango1.0-dev libfreetype6-dev libexif-dev \
libtiff4-dev libgif-dev zlib1g-dev libatk1.0-dev libjpeg8-dev \
libjpeg-turbo8-dev libglib2.0-dev libgtk2.0-dev libglade2-dev \
libart-2.0-dev libgnomevfs2-dev libgnome-desktop-dev \
libgnome2-dev libgnomecanvas2-dev libgnomeui-dev libgnomeprint2.2-dev \
libgnomeprintui2.2-dev libpanel-applet-4-dev \
libnautilus-extension-dev librsvg2-dev libgtkhtml3.14-dev \
libgtksourceview2.0-dev libgtksourceview2.0-dev libvte-dev \
libwnck-dev libnspr4-dev libnss3-dev libwebkit-dev libvala-0.18-dev

2:在某处创建一个文件夹以保存源:

sudo mkdir /opt/mono-3

3:用git克隆到文件夹中

cd /opt/mono-3
sudo git clone git://github.com/mono/mono.git
cd  mono
sudo git checkout mono-3.0.12

4:构建和安装

sudo ./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr/local
sudo make
sudo make install

而已!

要获取System.Drawing.dll和System.Windows.Forms.dll中的最新更改,还需要配置,构建和安装libgdiplus.

 cd libgdiplus
 ./autogen.sh --prefix=/usr/local
 make
 make install