无法使用haskell的glade xml文件

Question

我不确定我是否应该打个招呼,这是我在这里发表的第一篇文章.

无论如何,我正在关注gtk2hs网站的glade教程.代码编译正确,但是当我尝试执行它时,我得到了这个错误.

(hellogtk2hs:8670): libglade-WARNING **: Expected <glade-interface>.  Got <interface>.
(hellogtk2hs:8670): libglade-WARNING **: did not finish in PARSER_FINISH state
hellogtk2hs: user error (Pattern match failure in do expression at HelloGtk2Hs.hs:8:8-15)

这是我的林间文件.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<interface>
  <!-- interface-requires gtk+ 3.0 -->
  <object class="GtkWindow" id="window1">
    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkBox" id="box1">
        <property name="visible">True</property>
        <property name="can_focus">False</property>
        <property name="orientation">vertical</property>
        <property name="homogeneous">True</property>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkLabel" id="label1">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">Write your name here: </property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="expand">False</property>
            <property name="fill">True</property>
            <property name="position">0</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkEntry" id="entry1">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="invisible_char">?</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="expand">False</property>
            <property name="fill">True</property>
            <property name="position">1</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkBox" id="box2">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="homogeneous">True</property>
            <child>
              <object class="GtkButton" id="button1">
                <property name="label">gtk-apply</property>
                <property name="visible">True</property>
                <property name="can_focus">True</property>
                <property name="receives_default">True</property>
                <property name="use_stock">True</property>
                <property name="always_show_image">True</property>
              </object>
              <packing>
                <property name="expand">False</property>
                <property name="fill">True</property>
                <property name="position">0</property>
              </packing>
            </child>
            <child>
              <object class="GtkButton" id="button2">
                <property name="label">gtk-close</property>
                <property name="visible">True</property>
                <property name="can_focus">True</property>
                <property name="receives_default">True</property>
                <property name="use_stock">True</property>
                <property name="always_show_image">True</property>
              </object>
              <packing>
                <property name="expand">False</property>
                <property name="fill">True</property>
                <property name="position">1</property>    
              </packing>
            </child>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="expand">False</property>
            <property name="fill">True</property>
            <property name="position">2</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>

glade文件与我的源代码位于同一目录中.源代码是教程中的完整副本.我之前从未使用过林间空地,所以我不知道出了什么问题.

我不得不将ghc从7.6降级到7.4.2.我正在使用glade 3.14.1,所有其他软件包都是通过cabal安装的,因此它们是当前版本的.

如果我用glade-interface切换界面,在开始和结束时它仍然会抱怨.

(hellogtk2hs:9636): libglade-WARNING **: Unexpected element <object> inside <glade-interface>.
hellogtk2hs: user error (glade.xmlGetWidget: no object named "window1" in the glade file)

如果用小部件更改所有对象标签,我会得到这个

(hellogtk2hs:9668): GLib-GObject-ERROR **: cannot create instance of abstract (non-instantiatable) type `GtkBox'
`trap' para punto de parada/seguimiento

通过这样做我得到的错误更少,但它仍然不起作用.

Answer 1

问题是gtk2hs不支持gtk3,我创建的文件是gtk3.

Glade可以生成libglade文件或gtkbuilder文件.两者都是xml文件,它们之间的主要区别在于第一个开头,<glade-interface>后者开始<interface>.同样在gtkbuilder文件中,使用<object>标记而不是<widget>标记.

该Graphics.UI.Gtk.Glade软件包使用libglade文件,问题是这些文件已过时并已弃用.

在Glade下载页面上有两个版本.其中较新的生成gtkbuilders意味着与gtk3一起使用,但由于gtk2hs不支持gtk3,你必须下载3.8版,它为gtk2生成libglade和gtkbuilder文件.

最好的办法是停止使用libglade文件并使用gtkbuilder文件.要执行此操作,您必须导入Graphics.UI.Gtk.Builder而不是Graphics.UI.Gtk.Glade

我发现这个教程使用了gtkbuilder而不是libglade.

该程序创建一个带按钮的窗口,每次单击该按钮,您的终端上都会出现"hello world",直到窗口关闭.

import Graphics.UI.Gtk
import Graphics.UI.Gtk.Builder

main = do
    initGUI
    builder <- builderNew
    builderAddFromFile builder "windowbuilder.glade"
    mainWindow <- builderGetObject builder castToWindow "main_window"
    onDestroy mainWindow mainQuit
    helloWorldButton <- builderGetObject builder castToButton "hello_world_button"
    onClicked helloWorldButton (putStrLn "Hello, World!")
    widgetShowAll mainWindow
    mainGUI

这是从windowbuilder.glade文件中提取gui.我使用glade-3创建了该文件.这里是.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<interface>
  <requires lib="gtk+" version="2.24"/>
  <!-- interface-naming-policy project-wide -->
  <object class="GtkWindow" id="main_window">
    <property name="width_request">210</property>
    <property name="can_focus">False</property>
    <property name="title" translatable="yes">This is a window</property>
    <property name="resizable">False</property>
    <child>
      <object class="GtkVBox" id="vbox1">
        <property name="visible">True</property>
        <property name="can_focus">False</property>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkLabel" id="label1">
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">False</property>
            <property name="label" translatable="yes">Click the button!!</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="expand">True</property>
            <property name="fill">True</property>
            <property name="position">0</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkButton" id="hello_world_button">
            <property name="label">gtk-ok</property>
            <property name="use_action_appearance">False</property>
            <property name="visible">True</property>
            <property name="can_focus">True</property>
            <property name="receives_default">True</property>
            <property name="border_width">7</property>
            <property name="use_stock">True</property>
          </object>
          <packing>
            <property name="expand">True</property>
            <property name="fill">True</property>
            <property name="padding">5</property>
            <property name="position">1</property>
          </packing>
        </child>
      </object>
    </child>
  </object>
</interface>

切换到gtkbuilder文件的另一个好理由是haskell glade包不能用ghc> = 7.6编译.