轻松将整个类实例写入XML文件并重新读入

Question

我有一个名为的主类theGarage,它包含我们的客户,供应商和工作类的实例.

我想将程序数据保存到XML文件,我使用了下面的代码(只是一个片段,我有其他类的匹配代码).我想知道是否有一种更简单的方法来执行此操作,例如将整个theGarage类写入XML文件并将其读入,而不必像下面那样编写所有这些代码.

   public void saveToFile()
    {
        using (XmlWriter writer = XmlWriter.Create("theGarage.xml"))
        {
            writer.WriteStartDocument();

            ///
            writer.WriteStartElement("theGarage");
            writer.WriteStartElement("Customers");

            foreach (Customer Customer in Program.theGarage.Customers)
            {
                writer.WriteStartElement("Customer");
                writer.WriteElementString("FirstName", Customer.FirstName);
                writer.WriteElementString("LastName", Customer.LastName);
                writer.WriteElementString("Address1", Customer.Address1);
                writer.WriteElementString("Address2", Customer.Address2);
                writer.WriteElementString("Town", Customer.Town);
                writer.WriteElementString("County", Customer.County);
                writer.WriteElementString("PostCode", Customer.Postcode);
                writer.WriteElementString("TelephoneHome", Customer.TelephoneHome);
                writer.WriteElementString("TelephoneMob", Customer.TelephoneMob);

                //begin vehicle list
                writer.WriteStartElement("Vehicles");

                foreach (Vehicle Vehicle in Customer.Cars)
                {
                    writer.WriteStartElement("Vehicle");
                    writer.WriteElementString("Make", Vehicle.Make);
                    writer.WriteElementString("Model", Vehicle.Model);
                    writer.WriteElementString("Colour", Vehicle.Colour);
                    writer.WriteElementString("EngineSize", Vehicle.EngineSize);
                    writer.WriteElementString("Registration", Vehicle.Registration);
                    writer.WriteElementString("Year", Vehicle.YearOfFirstReg);
                    writer.WriteEndElement();
                }
                writer.WriteEndElement();
                writer.WriteEndElement();
            }
        }
    }

Answer 1

有更简单的序列化对象的方法,XmlSerializer而不是使用.见文档这里.

将车库序列化为文件的代码片段可能如下所示:

var garage = new theGarage();

// TODO init your garage..

XmlSerializer xs = new XmlSerializer(typeof(theGarage));
TextWriter tw = new StreamWriter(@"c:\temp\garage.xml");
xs.Serialize(tw, garage);

和从文件加载车库的代码:

using(var sr = new StreamReader(@"c:\temp\garage.xml"))
{
   garage = (theGarage)xs.Deserialize(sr);
}

Answer 2

那么一些漂亮的扩展方法呢,那么你可以轻松地读/写这个文件.

public static class Extensions
{
    public static string ToXml(this object obj)
    {
        XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
        using (StringWriter writer = new StringWriter())
        {
            s.Serialize(writer, obj);
            return writer.ToString();
        }
    }

    public static T FromXml<T>(this string data)
    {
        XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));
        using (StringReader reader = new StringReader(data))
        {
            object obj = s.Deserialize(reader);
            return (T)obj;
        }
    }
}

例

 var xmlData = myObject.ToXml();

 var anotherObject = xmlData.FromXml<ObjectType>();