是否可以要求 Gemfile 之外的文件？

Question

例如，我正在开发一个gem，在开发时，我使用pryIRB代替IRB，并debugger进行调试。但是，我不希望可能的贡献者必须安装它们（因为他们可能不需要它们）。我的第一个想法是将它们放入 Bundler 组中：

source :rubygems

gemspec

group :extras do
  gem "pry"
  gem "debugger"
end

然后人们可以使用：

$ bundle install --without extras

但我希望它是默认的，它们没有安装。完美的是它们不在我的中Gemfile，但我仍然可以需要它们（如果它们存在于计算机上）。这个解决方案应该没问题，因为我不在乎它们被锁定在哪个版本。能做到吗？

Answer 1

您可以添加任意加载路径，然后从中获取 gem。查看全局变量$:

puts $:.inspect
# ["/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/lib", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/vendor", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/assets", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/controllers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/helpers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/mailers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/models", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/json-1.8.3/lib", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux"]

现在让我们追加$:并要求一个 gem

require 'method_source'
# LoadError: cannot load such file -- method_source
$: << '/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4@myset/gems/method_source-1.0.0/lib'
# ["/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/lib", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/vendor", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/assets", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/controllers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/helpers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/mailers", "/var/myproject/releases/20200918191637/app/models", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/json-1.8.3/lib", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.3.0/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib/gems/bundler-2.0.2/lib", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/site_ruby", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0", "/usr/local/rvm/rubies/ruby-2.3.0/lib/ruby/2.3.0/x86_64-linux", "/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4@myset/gems/method_source-1.0.0/lib"]
require 'method_source'
# true

但是，如果您有很多依赖项，这可能会很乏味，因此您可以尝试以下操作：

Dir['/home/deploy/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.2.4@myset/gems/*'].each do |gem_path|
  $: << File.join(gem_path, 'lib')
end