Sco*_*ott 305 java tags inheritance templates jsp
在工作中,我的任务是将一堆HTML文件转换成一个简单的JSP项目.它实际上是静态的,无需编程的服务器端逻辑.我应该提到我对Java完全不熟悉.JSP文件似乎可以很容易地使用常见的包含和变量,就像PHP,但我想知道一种简单的方法来获得类似模板继承(Django样式)或至少能够有一个base.jsp文件包含页眉和页脚,所以我可以稍后插入内容.
Ben Lings似乎在这里给出了一些希望: JSP模板继承 有人可以解释如何实现这个目标吗?
鉴于我没有太多时间,我认为动态路由有点多,所以我很高兴只是让URL直接映射到.jsp文件,但我愿意接受建议.
谢谢.
编辑:我不想使用任何外部库,因为它会增加我自己和其他从事项目工作的人的学习曲线,而我所工作的公司也签约了这样做.
另一个编辑:我不确定是否JSP tags有用,因为我的内容实际上没有任何模板变量.我需要的是一种能够做到这一点的方法:
base.html:
<html><body>
{ content.body }
</body></html>
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somepage.html
<wrapper:base.html>
<h1>Welcome</h1>
</wrapper>
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输出为:
<html><body>
<h1>Welcome</h1>
</body></html>
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我认为这会给我足够的多功能性来做我需要的一切.它可以实现,includes但我需要一个顶部和一个底部包括每个包装,这是一种凌乱.
Wil*_*ung 679
正如Skaffman所说,JSP 2.0标记文件是蜜蜂的膝盖.
让我们举一个简单的例子.
把以下内容放入 WEB-INF/tags/wrapper.tag
<%@tag description="Simple Wrapper Tag" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html><body>
<jsp:doBody/>
</body></html>
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现在在您的example.jsp页面中:
<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="t" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
<t:wrapper>
<h1>Welcome</h1>
</t:wrapper>
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这完全符合你的想法.
所以,让我们把它扩展到更一般的东西.
WEB-INF/tags/genericpage.tag
<%@tag description="Overall Page template" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@attribute name="header" fragment="true" %>
<%@attribute name="footer" fragment="true" %>
<html>
<body>
<div id="pageheader">
<jsp:invoke fragment="header"/>
</div>
<div id="body">
<jsp:doBody/>
</div>
<div id="pagefooter">
<jsp:invoke fragment="footer"/>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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要使用它:
<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="t" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
<t:genericpage>
<jsp:attribute name="header">
<h1>Welcome</h1>
</jsp:attribute>
<jsp:attribute name="footer">
<p id="copyright">Copyright 1927, Future Bits When There Be Bits Inc.</p>
</jsp:attribute>
<jsp:body>
<p>Hi I'm the heart of the message</p>
</jsp:body>
</t:genericpage>
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这会给你带来什么?很多,但它变得更好......
WEB-INF/tags/userpage.tag
<%@tag description="User Page template" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="t" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
<%@attribute name="userName" required="true"%>
<t:genericpage>
<jsp:attribute name="header">
<h1>Welcome ${userName}</h1>
</jsp:attribute>
<jsp:attribute name="footer">
<p id="copyright">Copyright 1927, Future Bits When There Be Bits Inc.</p>
</jsp:attribute>
<jsp:body>
<jsp:doBody/>
</jsp:body>
</t:genericpage>
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要使用它:(假设我们在请求中有一个用户变量)
<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="t" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
<t:userpage userName="${user.fullName}">
<p>
First Name: ${user.firstName} <br/>
Last Name: ${user.lastName} <br/>
Phone: ${user.phone}<br/>
</p>
</t:userpage>
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但它让你想在其他地方使用那个用户细节块.所以,我们将重构它.
WEB-INF/tags/userdetail.tag
<%@tag description="User Page template" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@tag import="com.example.User" %>
<%@attribute name="user" required="true" type="com.example.User"%>
First Name: ${user.firstName} <br/>
Last Name: ${user.lastName} <br/>
Phone: ${user.phone}<br/>
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现在前面的例子变成了:
<%@page contentType="text/html" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@taglib prefix="t" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
<t:userpage userName="${user.fullName}">
<p>
<t:userdetail user="${user}"/>
</p>
</t:userpage>
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JSP标记文件的优点在于它允许您基本标记通用标记,然后将其重构为您的内容.
JSP Tag FilesTiles至少对我来说,几乎篡夺了诸如此类的东西.我发现它们更容易使用,因为唯一的结构是你给它的,没有任何先入为主.另外,您可以将JSP标记文件用于其他内容(例如上面的用户详细信息片段).
这是一个类似于我已经完成的DisplayTag的例子,但这都是用Tag Files(和Stripes框架,即s:tags ...)完成的.这会产生一个行表,交替颜色,页面导航等:
<t:table items="${actionBean.customerList}" var="obj" css_class="display">
<t:col css_class="checkboxcol">
<s:checkbox name="customerIds" value="${obj.customerId}"
onclick="handleCheckboxRangeSelection(this, event);"/>
</t:col>
<t:col name="customerId" title="ID"/>
<t:col name="firstName" title="First Name"/>
<t:col name="lastName" title="Last Name"/>
<t:col>
<s:link href="/Customer.action" event="preEdit">
Edit
<s:param name="customer.customerId" value="${obj.customerId}"/>
<s:param name="page" value="${actionBean.page}"/>
</s:link>
</t:col>
</t:table>
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当然标签与JSTL tags(如c:if等)一起使用.在标记文件标记的主体中唯一不能做的就是添加Java scriptlet代码,但这并不像你想象的那么多.如果我需要scriptlet的东西,我只需将逻辑放入标签并将标签放入.容易.
因此,标记文件可以是您想要的任何内容.在最基本的层面上,它是简单的剪切和粘贴重构.抓取一大块布局,将其剪切掉,进行一些简单的参数化,然后用标签调用替换它.
在更高的层次上,你可以做一些复杂的事情,比如我在这里的这个表格标签.
Kwo*_*Nam 21
我做了相当简单的Django样式JSP模板继承标记库. https://github.com/kwon37xi/jsp-template-inheritance
我认为无需学习曲线就可以轻松管理布局.
示例代码:
base.jsp:布局
<%@page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://kwonnam.pe.kr/jsp/template-inheritance" prefix="layout"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>JSP Template Inheritance</title>
</head>
<h1>Head</h1>
<div>
<layout:block name="header">
header
</layout:block>
</div>
<h1>Contents</h1>
<div>
<p>
<layout:block name="contents">
<h2>Contents will be placed under this h2</h2>
</layout:block>
</p>
</div>
<div class="footer">
<hr />
<a href="https://github.com/kwon37xi/jsp-template-inheritance">jsp template inheritance example</a>
</div>
</html>
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view.jsp:内容
<%@page contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" %>
<%@ taglib uri="http://kwonnam.pe.kr/jsp/template-inheritance" prefix="layout"%>
<layout:extends name="base.jsp">
<layout:put name="header" type="REPLACE">
<h2>This is an example about layout management with JSP Template Inheritance</h2>
</layout:put>
<layout:put name="contents">
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Proin porta,
augue ut ornare sagittis, diam libero facilisis augue, quis accumsan enim velit a mauris.
</layout:put>
</layout:extends>
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ami*_*air 10
基于与@Will Hartung的回答相同的基本思想,这是我的魔术单标签可扩展模板引擎.它甚至包括文档和示例:-)
WEB-INF /标签/ block.tag:
<%--
The block tag implements a basic but useful extensible template system.
A base template consists of a block tag without a 'template' attribute.
The template body is specified in a standard jsp:body tag, which can
contain EL, JSTL tags, nested block tags and other custom tags, but
cannot contain scriptlets (scriptlets are allowed in the template file,
but only outside of the body and attribute tags). Templates can be
full-page templates, or smaller blocks of markup included within a page.
The template is customizable by referencing named attributes within
the body (via EL). Attribute values can then be set either as attributes
of the block tag element itself (convenient for short values), or by
using nested jsp:attribute elements (better for entire blocks of markup).
Rendering a template block or extending it in a child template is then
just a matter of invoking the block tag with the 'template' attribute set
to the desired template name, and overriding template-specific attributes
as necessary to customize it.
Attribute values set when rendering a tag override those set in the template
definition, which override those set in its parent template definition, etc.
The attributes that are set in the base template are thus effectively used
as defaults. Attributes that are not set anywhere are treated as empty.
Internally, attributes are passed from child to parent via request-scope
attributes, which are removed when rendering is complete.
Here's a contrived example:
====== WEB-INF/tags/block.tag (the template engine tag)
<the file you're looking at right now>
====== WEB-INF/templates/base.jsp (base template)
<%@ page trimDirectiveWhitespaces="true" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="t" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
<t:block>
<jsp:attribute name="title">Template Page</jsp:attribute>
<jsp:attribute name="style">
.footer { font-size: smaller; color: #aaa; }
.content { margin: 2em; color: #009; }
${moreStyle}
</jsp:attribute>
<jsp:attribute name="footer">
<div class="footer">
Powered by the block tag
</div>
</jsp:attribute>
<jsp:body>
<html>
<head>
<title>${title}</title>
<style>
${style}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${title}</h1>
<div class="content">
${content}
</div>
${footer}
</body>
</html>
</jsp:body>
</t:block>
====== WEB-INF/templates/history.jsp (child template)
<%@ page trimDirectiveWhitespaces="true" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="t" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
<t:block template="base" title="History Lesson">
<jsp:attribute name="content" trim="false">
<p>${shooter} shot first!</p>
</jsp:attribute>
</t:block>
====== history-1977.jsp (a page using child template)
<%@ page trimDirectiveWhitespaces="true" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="t" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
<t:block template="history" shooter="Han" />
====== history-1997.jsp (a page using child template)
<%@ page trimDirectiveWhitespaces="true" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="t" tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" %>
<t:block template="history" title="Revised History Lesson">
<jsp:attribute name="moreStyle">.revised { font-style: italic; }</jsp:attribute>
<jsp:attribute name="shooter"><span class="revised">Greedo</span></jsp:attribute>
</t:block>
--%>
<%@ tag trimDirectiveWhitespaces="true" %>
<%@ tag import="java.util.HashSet, java.util.Map, java.util.Map.Entry" %>
<%@ tag dynamic-attributes="dynattributes" %>
<%@ attribute name="template" %>
<%
// get template name (adding default .jsp extension if it does not contain
// any '.', and /WEB-INF/templates/ prefix if it does not start with a '/')
String template = (String)jspContext.getAttribute("template");
if (template != null) {
if (!template.contains("."))
template += ".jsp";
if (!template.startsWith("/"))
template = "/WEB-INF/templates/" + template;
}
// copy dynamic attributes into request scope so they can be accessed from included template page
// (child is processed before parent template, so only set previously undefined attributes)
Map<String, String> dynattributes = (Map<String, String>)jspContext.getAttribute("dynattributes");
HashSet<String> addedAttributes = new HashSet<String>();
for (Map.Entry<String, String> e : dynattributes.entrySet()) {
if (jspContext.getAttribute(e.getKey(), PageContext.REQUEST_SCOPE) == null) {
jspContext.setAttribute(e.getKey(), e.getValue(), PageContext.REQUEST_SCOPE);
addedAttributes.add(e.getKey());
}
}
%>
<% if (template == null) { // this is the base template itself, so render it %>
<jsp:doBody/>
<% } else { // this is a page using the template, so include the template instead %>
<jsp:include page="<%= template %>" />
<% } %>
<%
// clean up the added attributes to prevent side effect outside the current tag
for (String key : addedAttributes) {
jspContext.removeAttribute(key, PageContext.REQUEST_SCOPE);
}
%>
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使用瓷砖。它救了我的命。
但如果你不能,可以使用include 标签,使其与 php.ini 类似。
除非您有超级简单的内容,否则正文标记实际上可能不会执行您需要的操作。body标签用于定义指定元素的主体。看一下这个例子:
<jsp:element name="${content.headerName}"
xmlns:jsp="http://java.sun.com/JSP/Page">
<jsp:attribute name="lang">${content.lang}</jsp:attribute>
<jsp:body>${content.body}</jsp:body>
</jsp:element>
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您指定元素名称、该元素可能具有的任何属性(在本例中为“lang”),然后指定其中的文本(主体)。因此,如果
content.headerName = h1,content.lang = fr, 和content.body = Heading in French那么输出将是
<h1 lang="fr">Heading in French</h1>
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