如何删除目录中的所有文件和文件夹？

Question

使用C#,如何从目录中删除所有文件和文件夹,但仍保留根目录？

Answer 1

System.IO.DirectoryInfo di = new DirectoryInfo("YourPath");

foreach (FileInfo file in di.GetFiles())
{
    file.Delete(); 
}
foreach (DirectoryInfo dir in di.GetDirectories())
{
    dir.Delete(true); 
}

如果您的目录可能包含许多文件,EnumerateFiles()则效率更高GetFiles(),因为在您使用EnumerateFiles()时可以在返回整个集合之前开始枚举它,而不是GetFiles()在开始枚举之前需要在内存中加载整个集合的位置.在这里看到这个引用:

因此,当您使用许多文件和目录时,EnumerateFiles()可以更有效.

这同样适用于EnumerateDirectories()和GetDirectories().所以代码是:

foreach (FileInfo file in di.EnumerateFiles())
{
    file.Delete(); 
}
foreach (DirectoryInfo dir in di.EnumerateDirectories())
{
    dir.Delete(true); 
}

出于这个问题的目的,没有理由使用GetFiles()和GetDirectories().

Answer 2

是的,这是正确的方法.如果你想给自己一个"干净"(或者,我更喜欢称之为"清空"功能),你可以创建一个扩展方法.

public static void Empty(this System.IO.DirectoryInfo directory)
{
    foreach(System.IO.FileInfo file in directory.GetFiles()) file.Delete();
    foreach(System.IO.DirectoryInfo subDirectory in directory.GetDirectories()) subDirectory.Delete(true);
}

这将允许你做类似的事情..

System.IO.DirectoryInfo directory = new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(@"C:\...");

directory.Empty();

Answer 3

以下代码将递归清除该文件夹:

private void clearFolder(string FolderName)
{
    DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(FolderName);

    foreach(FileInfo fi in dir.GetFiles())
    {
        fi.Delete();
    }

    foreach (DirectoryInfo di in dir.GetDirectories())
    {
        clearFolder(di.FullName);
        di.Delete();
    }
}

Answer 4

 new System.IO.DirectoryInfo(@"C:\Temp").Delete(true);

 //Or

 System.IO.Directory.Delete(@"C:\Temp", true);

Answer 5

我们也可以表达对LINQ的热爱:

using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
…
var directory = Directory.GetParent(TestContext.TestDir);

directory.EnumerateFiles()
    .ToList().ForEach(f => f.Delete());

directory.EnumerateDirectories()
    .ToList().ForEach(d => d.Delete(true));

请注意,我的解决方案不具备性能,因为我使用的Get*().ToList().ForEach(...)是IEnumerable两次生成相同的解决方案.我使用扩展方法来避免此问题:

using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
…
var directory = Directory.GetParent(TestContext.TestDir);

directory.EnumerateFiles()
    .ForEachInEnumerable(f => f.Delete());

directory.EnumerateDirectories()
    .ForEachInEnumerable(d => d.Delete(true));

这是扩展方法:

/// <summary>
/// Extensions for <see cref="System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable"/>.
/// </summary>
public static class IEnumerableOfTExtensions
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Performs the <see cref="System.Action"/>
    /// on each item in the enumerable object.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="TEnumerable">The type of the enumerable.</typeparam>
    /// <param name="enumerable">The enumerable.</param>
    /// <param name="action">The action.</param>
    /// <remarks>
    /// “I am philosophically opposed to providing such a method, for two reasons.
    /// …The first reason is that doing so violates the functional programming principles
    /// that all the other sequence operators are based upon. Clearly the sole purpose of a call
    /// to this method is to cause side effects.”
    /// —Eric Lippert, “foreach” vs “ForEach” [http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ericlippert/archive/2009/05/18/foreach-vs-foreach.aspx]
    /// </remarks>
    public static void ForEachInEnumerable<TEnumerable>(this IEnumerable<TEnumerable> enumerable, Action<TEnumerable> action)
    {
        foreach (var item in enumerable)
        {
            action(item);
        }
    }
}

Answer 6

最简单的方法:

Directory.Delete(path,true);  
Directory.CreateDirectory(path);

请注意,这可能会删除该文件夹的某些权限.

Answer 7

基于hiteshbiblog,您可能应该确保该文件是可读写的.

private void ClearFolder(string FolderName)
{
    DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(FolderName);

    foreach(FileInfo fi in dir.GetFiles())
    {
        try
        {
            fi.Delete();
        }
        catch(Exception) { } // Ignore all exceptions
    }

    foreach(DirectoryInfo di in dir.GetDirectories())
    {
        ClearFolder(di.FullName);
        try
        {
            di.Delete();
        }
        catch(Exception) { } // Ignore all exceptions
    }
}

如果你知道没有子文件夹,这样的东西可能是最简单的:

    Directory.GetFiles(folderName).ForEach(File.Delete)

Answer 8

System.IO.Directory.Delete(installPath, true);
System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(installPath);

Answer 9

我用了

Directory.GetFiles(picturePath).ToList().ForEach(File.Delete);

删除旧图片，我不需要此文件夹中的任何对象

Answer 10

我知道这是一个古老的问题，但这是（也许是新的）正确答案：

new DirectoryInfo(folder).Delete(true);
Directory.CreateDirectory(folder);

删除所有递归文件，然后重新创建文件夹。

PS-必须有参考using System.IO;

Answer 11

我试过的每一种方法,都在System.IO错误的某些方面失败了.以下方法可以肯定,即使文件夹是空的,也可以是只读的,等等.

ProcessStartInfo Info = new ProcessStartInfo();  
Info.Arguments = "/C rd /s /q \"C:\\MyFolder"";  
Info.WindowStyle = ProcessWindowStyle.Hidden;  
Info.CreateNoWindow = true;  
Info.FileName = "cmd.exe";  
Process.Start(Info); 

Answer 12

以下代码将清除目录,但保留根目录(递归).

Action<string> DelPath = null;
DelPath = p =>
{
    Directory.EnumerateFiles(p).ToList().ForEach(File.Delete);
    Directory.EnumerateDirectories(p).ToList().ForEach(DelPath);
    Directory.EnumerateDirectories(p).ToList().ForEach(Directory.Delete);
};
DelPath(path);

Answer 13

仅对 File 和 Directory 使用静态方法而不是 FileInfo 和 DirectoryInfo 会执行得更快。（请参阅C# 中 File 和 FileInfo 之间的区别是什么？）中接受的答案。答案显示为实用方法。

public static void Empty(string directory)
{
    foreach(string fileToDelete in System.IO.Directory.GetFiles(directory))
    {
        System.IO.File.Delete(fileToDelete);
    }
    foreach(string subDirectoryToDeleteToDelete in System.IO.Directory.GetDirectories(directory))
    {
        System.IO.Directory.Delete(subDirectoryToDeleteToDelete, true);
    }
}

Answer 14

string directoryPath = "C:\Temp";
Directory.GetFiles(directoryPath).ToList().ForEach(File.Delete);
Directory.GetDirectories(directoryPath).ToList().ForEach(Directory.Delete);

Answer 15

private void ClearFolder(string FolderName)
{
    DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(FolderName);

    foreach (FileInfo fi in dir.GetFiles())
    {
        fi.IsReadOnly = false;
        fi.Delete();
    }

    foreach (DirectoryInfo di in dir.GetDirectories())
    {
        ClearFolder(di.FullName);
        di.Delete();
    }
}

Answer 16

这是我阅读所有帖子后使用的工具。确实

• 删除所有可以删除的
• 如果某些文件保留在文件夹中，则返回false

它处理

• 只读文件
• 删除延迟
• 锁定文件

它不使用Directory.Delete，因为异常终止了该过程。

    /// <summary>
    /// Attempt to empty the folder. Return false if it fails (locked files...).
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="pathName"></param>
    /// <returns>true on success</returns>
    public static bool EmptyFolder(string pathName)
    {
        bool errors = false;
        DirectoryInfo dir = new DirectoryInfo(pathName);

        foreach (FileInfo fi in dir.EnumerateFiles())
        {
            try
            {
                fi.IsReadOnly = false;
                fi.Delete();

                //Wait for the item to disapear (avoid 'dir not empty' error).
                while (fi.Exists)
                {
                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(10);
                    fi.Refresh();
                }
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                Debug.WriteLine(e.Message);
                errors = true;
            }
        }

        foreach (DirectoryInfo di in dir.EnumerateDirectories())
        {
            try
            {
                EmptyFolder(di.FullName);
                di.Delete();

                //Wait for the item to disapear (avoid 'dir not empty' error).
                while (di.Exists)
                {
                    System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(10);
                    di.Refresh();
                }
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                Debug.WriteLine(e.Message);
                errors = true;
            }
        }

        return !errors;
    }