事务性注释避免了被模拟的服务

Question

我有一个drools规则文件,它使用规则中的服务类.所以一条规则做了这样的事情:

eval(countryService.getCountryById(1)!= null)

在使用@service和@Transactional(propagation = Propagation.SUPPORTS)注释的验证服务中,drools文件用于statelessKnowledgebase,并添加应在流氓中使用的事实.完成后,调用session.execute(fact)并启动规则引擎.

为了测试规则,我想将countryService.getCountryById()存根.使用mockito没什么大问题.对于使用drools设置的其他服务也做了这个,它工作正常.然而,在这种特殊情况下,countryService没有存根,我无法弄清楚原因.花了很多时间并检查我的代码后,我发现在服务之上使用@Transactional或缺少这个注释会产生差异.缺少@Transaction使mockito模拟了countryservice没有任何问题,让@transactional到位导致mockito失败(没有任何错误或提示)注入模拟以便使用原始的countryservice对象.

我的问题是为什么这个注释会导致这个问题.为什么在设置@Transactional时无法模拟注入模拟？我注意到mockito失败了,因为我在调试和检查countryService时将它作为全局添加到drools会话中当我在debugwindow中检查countryservice时,我看到以下区别:

• 与@transactional:countryService的值为CountryService $$ EnhancerByCGLIB $$ b80dbb7b

• 没有@transactional:countryService的值为CountryService $$ EnhancerByMockitoWithCGLIB $$ 27f34dc1

除了@transactional之外,我在乡村服务方法中发现断点getCountryById并且调试器在该断点处停止,但是没有@transactional我的断点被跳过,因为mockito会绕过它.

ValidationService:

@Service
@Transactional(propagation=Propagation.SUPPORTS)
public class ValidationService 
{
  @Autowired
  private CountryService countryService;

  public void validateFields(Collection<Object> facts)
  {
    KnowledgeBase knowledgeBase = (KnowledgeBase)AppContext.getApplicationContext().getBean(knowledgeBaseName); 
    StatelessKnowledgeSession session = knowledgeBase.newStatelessKnowledgeSession();
    session.setGlobal("countryService", countryService);
    session.execute(facts);

  }

和测试类:

public class TestForeignAddressPostalCode extends BaseTestDomainIntegration
{

  private final Collection<Object> postalCodeMinLength0 = new ArrayList<Object>();

  @Mock
  protected CountryService countryService;

  @InjectMocks
  private ValidationService level2ValidationService;


  @BeforeMethod(alwaysRun=true)
  protected void setup()
  {
    // Get the object under test (here the determination engine)
    level2ValidationService = (ValidationService) getAppContext().getBean("validationService");
    // and replace the services as documented above.
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);

    ForeignAddress foreignAddress = new ForeignAddress();
    foreignAddress.setCountryCode("7029");
    foreignAddress.setForeignPostalCode("foreign");

    // mock country to be able to return a fixed id
    Country country = mock(Country.class);
    foreignAddress.setLand(country);
    doReturn(Integer.valueOf(1)).when(country).getId();

    doReturn(country).when(countryService).getCountryById(anyInt());

    ContextualAddressBean context = new ContextualAddressBean(foreignAddress, "", AddressContext.CORRESPONDENCE_ADDRESS);
    postalCodeMinLength0.add(context);
  }

  @Test
  public void PostalCodeMinLength0_ExpectError()
  {
    // Execute
    level2ValidationService.validateFields(postalCodeMinLength0, null);

  }

如果我想保留这个@transactional注释但是也能够存根乡村服务方法,那么该怎么办？

问候,

迈克尔

Answer 1

发生的事情是您的ValidationService被包装在JdkDynamicAopProxy中,因此当Mockito将模拟注入服务时,它不会看到任何字段将它们注入.你需要做两件事之一:

• 放弃启动Spring Application Context并仅测试验证服务,强制您模拟每个依赖项.
• 或者从JdkDynamicAopProxy解包您的实现,并自己处理模拟注入.

代码示例:

@Before
public void setup() throws Exception {
    MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
    ValidationService validationService = (ValidationService) unwrapProxy(level2ValidationService);
    ReflectionTestUtils.setField(validationService, "countryService", countryService);
}

public static final Object unwrapProxy(Object bean) throws Exception {
    /*
     * If the given object is a proxy, set the return value as the object
     * being proxied, otherwise return the given object.
     */
    if (AopUtils.isAopProxy(bean) && bean instanceof Advised) {
        Advised advised = (Advised) bean;
        bean = advised.getTargetSource().getTarget();
    }
    return bean;
}

关于这个问题的博客条目

Answer 2

请注意,自Spring 4.3.1起,ReflectionTestUtils应自动解包代理.所以

ReflectionTestUtils.setField(validationService, "countryService", countryService);

现在应该工作,即使你countryService的注释是@Transactional,@Cacheable...(也就是说,在运行时隐藏在代理后面)

相关问题:SPR-14050

Answer 3

根据SuperSaiyen 的回答，我创建了一个嵌入式实用程序类，使其更简单且类型安全：

import org.mockito.Mockito;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.Advised;
import org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils;
import org.springframework.test.util.ReflectionTestUtils;

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
public class SpringBeanMockUtil {
  /**
   * If the given object is a proxy, set the return value as the object being proxied, otherwise return the given
   * object.
   */
  private static <T> T unwrapProxy(T bean) {
    try {
      if (AopUtils.isAopProxy(bean) && bean instanceof Advised) {
        Advised advised = (Advised) bean;
        bean = (T) advised.getTargetSource().getTarget();
      }
      return bean;
    }
    catch (Exception e) {
      throw new RuntimeException("Could not unwrap proxy!", e);
    }
  }

  public static <T> T mockFieldOnBean(Object beanToInjectMock, Class<T> classToMock) {
    T mocked = Mockito.mock(classToMock);
    ReflectionTestUtils.setField(unwrapProxy(beanToInjectMock), null, mocked, classToMock);
    return mocked;
  }
}

用法很简单，只需在测试方法的开头，mockFieldOnBean(Object beanToInjectMock, Class<T> classToMock)使用要注入模拟的 bean 和应模拟的对象的类调用该方法。例子：

假设您有一个类型为 的 bean，SomeService该 bean 包含一个自动装配的 bean SomeOtherService，例如；

@Component
public class SomeService {
  @Autowired
  private SomeOtherService someOtherService;

  // some other stuff
}

嘲笑someOtherService的SomeService豆，使用以下命令：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
public class TestClass {

  @Autowired
  private SomeService someService;

  @Test
  public void sampleTest() throws Exception {
    SomeOtherService someOtherServiceMock = SpringBeanMockUtil.mockFieldOnBean(someService, SomeOtherService.class);

    doNothing().when(someOtherServiceMock).someMethod();

    // some test method(s)

    verify(someOtherServiceMock).someMethod();
  }
}

一切都应该像他们应该的那样工作。