与PHP在C中的"爆炸"并行:使用分隔符将char*拆分为char*

Question

可能重复:
在C中使用分隔符拆分字符串

我正在寻找一种使用分隔符将char*"爆炸"成其他char*的好方法.

我的分隔符将是 #

Answer 1

你可以strtok像CrazyCasta一样使用,但他/她的代码是错误的.

char *tok;
char *src = malloc(strlen(srcStr) + 1);
memcpy(src, srcStr);

tok = strtok(src, "#");
if(tok == NULL)
{
    printf("no tokens found");
    free(src);
    return ???;
}
printf("%s ; ", tok);
while((tok = strtok(NULL, "#")))
    printf("%s ; ", tok);
printf("\n");
free(str);

请注意,strtok必须首次使用源指针调用,之后必须使用NULL.也src必须是可写的,因为strtok写入\0终止找到的字符串.因此,根据您读取字符串的方式(以及之后是否要使用它),您应该复制它.但正如我所说,这并不总是必要的.

编辑:

一个explode函数可能看起来像这样:

char *strdup(const char *src)
{
    char *tmp = malloc(strlen(src) + 1);
    if(tmp)
        strcpy(tmp, src);
    return tmp;
}

void explode(const char *src, const char *tokens, char ***list, size_t *len)
{   
    if(src == NULL || list == NULL || len == NULL)
        return;

    char *str, *copy, **_list = NULL, **tmp;
    *list = NULL;
    *len  = 0;

    copy = strdup(src);
    if(copy == NULL)
        return;

    str = strtok(copy, tokens);
    if(str == NULL)
        goto free_and_exit;

    _list = realloc(NULL, sizeof *_list);
    if(_list == NULL)
        goto free_and_exit;

    _list[*len] = strdup(str);
    if(_list[*len] == NULL)
        goto free_and_exit;
    (*len)++;


    while((str = strtok(NULL, tokens)))
    {   
        tmp = realloc(_list, (sizeof *_list) * (*len + 1));
        if(tmp == NULL)
            goto free_and_exit;

        _list = tmp;

        _list[*len] = strdup(str);
        if(_list[*len] == NULL)
            goto free_and_exit;
        (*len)++;
    }


free_and_exit:
    *list = _list;
    free(copy);
}

然后你必须称它为:

char **list;
size_t i, len;
explode("this;is;a;string", ";", &list, &len);
for(i = 0; i < len; ++i)
    printf("%d: %s\n", i+1, list[i]);

/* free list */
for(i = 0; i < len; ++i)
    free(list[i]);
free(list);

这是用valgrind运行的示例:

valgrind ./a 
==18675== Memcheck, a memory error detector
==18675== Copyright (C) 2002-2010, and GNU GPL'd, by Julian Seward et al. 
==18675== Using Valgrind-3.6.0.SVN-Debian and LibVEX; rerun with -h for copyright info
==18675== Command: ./a 
==18675== 
1: this
2: is
3: a
4: string
==18675== 
==18675== HEAP SUMMARY:
==18675==     in use at exit: 0 bytes in 0 blocks
==18675==   total heap usage: 9 allocs, 9 frees, 114 bytes allocated
==18675== 
==18675== All heap blocks were freed -- no leaks are possible
==18675== 
==18675== For counts of detected and suppressed errors, rerun with: -v
==18675== ERROR SUMMARY: 0 errors from 0 contexts (suppressed: 4 from 4)