如何在.net中调用没有wsdl的Web服务

Question

我必须连接到第三方Web服务,该服务不提供wsdl或asmx.该服务的URL只是http://server/service.soap

我已经阅读了有关原始服务调用的这篇文章,但我不确定这是否是我正在寻找的.

此外,我已经要求wsdl文件,但被告知没有(并且不会).

我正在使用带有.net 2.0的C#,并且无法升级到3.5(所以还没有WCF).我认为第三方正在使用java,因为这是他们提供的示例.

提前致谢!

更新浏览网址时获取此响应:

<SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<SOAP-ENV:Fault>
<faultcode>SOAP-ENV:Server</faultcode>
<faultstring>
Cannot find a Body tag in the enveloppe
</faultstring>
</SOAP-ENV:Fault>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

Answer 1

好吧,我终于让它工作了,所以我会在这里写下我正在使用的代码.(请记住,.Net 2.0,没有wsdl来自Web服务).

首先,我们创建一个HttpWebRequest:

public static HttpWebRequest CreateWebRequest(string url)
{
    HttpWebRequest webRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
    webRequest.Headers.Add("SOAP:Action");
    webRequest.ContentType = "text/xml;charset=\"utf-8\"";
    webRequest.Accept = "text/xml";
    webRequest.Method = "POST";
    return webRequest;
}

接下来,我们调用webservice,传递所需的所有值.当我从xml文档中读取soap信封时,我将把数据作为StringDictionary处理.应该是一个更好的方法来做到这一点,但我稍后会考虑这个:

public static XmlDocument ServiceCall(string url, int service, StringDictionary data)
{
    HttpWebRequest request = CreateWebRequest(url);

    XmlDocument soapEnvelopeXml = GetSoapXml(service, data);

    using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
    {
        soapEnvelopeXml.Save(stream);
    }

    IAsyncResult asyncResult = request.BeginGetResponse(null, null);

    asyncResult.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne();

    string soapResult;
    using (WebResponse webResponse = request.EndGetResponse(asyncResult))
    using (StreamReader rd = new StreamReader(webResponse.GetResponseStream()))
    {
        soapResult = rd.ReadToEnd();
    }

    File.WriteAllText(HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("/servicios/" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString() + "assor_r" + service.ToString() + ".xml"), soapResult);

    XmlDocument resp = new XmlDocument();

    resp.LoadXml(soapResult);

    return resp;
}

所以,就是这样.如果有人认为必须将GetSoapXml添加到答案中,我会将其写下来.

Answer 2

在我看来,没有理由让SOAP Web服务不提供WSDL.它不需要由服务动态生成; 它不需要通过互联网提供.但是必须有一个WSDL,即使他们必须在软盘驱动器上发送给你!

如果您有任何能力向这项服务的提供者投诉,那么我强烈建议您这样做.如果你有能力推回,那么就这样做.理想情况下,切换服务提供商,并告诉这些人,因为他们没有提供WSDL.至少,找出他们认为不重要的原因.

Answer 3

我创建了以下辅助方法来手动调用 WebService，无需任何参考：

public static HttpStatusCode CallWebService(string webWebServiceUrl, 
                                            string webServiceNamespace, 
                                            string methodName, 
                                            Dictionary<string, string> parameters, 
                                            out string responseText)
{
    const string soapTemplate = 
@"<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""utf-8""?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"" 
   xmlns:xsd=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"" 
   xmlns:soap=""http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope"">
  <soap:Body>
    <{0} xmlns=""{1}"">
      {2}    </{0}>
  </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>";

    var req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(webWebServiceUrl);
    req.ContentType = "application/soap+xml;";
    req.Method = "POST";

    string parametersText;

    if (parameters != null && parameters.Count > 0)
    {
        var sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (var oneParameter in parameters)
            sb.AppendFormat("  <{0}>{1}</{0}>\r\n", oneParameter.Key, oneParameter.Value);

        parametersText = sb.ToString();
    }
    else
    {
        parametersText = "";
    }

    string soapText = string.Format(soapTemplate, methodName, webServiceNamespace, parametersText);


    using (Stream stm = req.GetRequestStream())
    {
        using (var stmw = new StreamWriter(stm))
        {
            stmw.Write(soapText);
        }
    }

    var responseHttpStatusCode = HttpStatusCode.Unused;
    responseText = null;

    using (var response = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse())
    {
        responseHttpStatusCode = response.StatusCode;

        if (responseHttpStatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
        {
            int contentLength = (int)response.ContentLength;

            if (contentLength > 0)
            {
                int readBytes = 0;
                int bytesToRead = contentLength;
                byte[] resultBytes = new byte[contentLength];

                using (var responseStream = response.GetResponseStream())
                {
                    while (bytesToRead > 0)
                    {
                        // Read may return anything from 0 to 10. 
                        int actualBytesRead = responseStream.Read(resultBytes, readBytes, bytesToRead);

                        // The end of the file is reached. 
                        if (actualBytesRead == 0)
                            break;

                        readBytes += actualBytesRead;
                        bytesToRead -= actualBytesRead;
                    }

                    responseText = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resultBytes);
                    //responseText = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(resultBytes);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // standard responseText: 
    //<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    //<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    //    <soap:Body>
    //        <SayHelloResponse xmlns="http://tempuri.org/">
    //            <SayHelloResult>Hello</SayHelloResult>
    //        </SayHellorResponse>
    //    </soap:Body>
    //</soap:Envelope>
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(responseText))
    {
        string responseElement = methodName + "Result>";
        int pos1 = responseText.IndexOf(responseElement);

        if (pos1 >= 0)
        {
            pos1 += responseElement.Length;
            int pos2 = responseText.IndexOf("</", pos1);

            if (pos2 > pos1)
                responseText = responseText.Substring(pos1, pos2 - pos1);
        }
        else
        {
            responseText = ""; // No result
        }
    }

    return responseHttpStatusCode;
}

然后，您可以使用以下代码简单地调用任何 Web 服务方法：

var parameters = new Dictionary<string, string>();
parameters.Add("name", "My Name Here");

string responseText;
var responseStatusCode = CallWebService("http://localhost/TestWebService.asmx", 
                                        "http://tempuri.org/", 
                                        "SayHello", 
                                        parameters, 
                                        out responseText);