使用rownum的Oracle视图性能

Question

我使用的是Oracle 10g,我有一个加入两个大表(数百万条记录)的视图.我试图为用户选择有限的"样本"数据,如下所示:

select * from VIEW_NAME where ROWNUM < 5; 

它非常慢,我认为它不应该是,因为我只需要几行结果,所以Oracle不应该计算完整的连接.

要求是用户应该能够以交互方式指定返回的行数(与结果中的哪些行无关紧要).有没有办法实现这个目标？(使用rownum或其他方法)

(我可以更改视图定义或最终SQL的构建方式,但据我所知,我不能动态地传递有关行的所需数量的视图的信息)

编辑:视图定义非常简单,如下所示:

CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW VIEW_NAME AS
(
    select
    e.id as ID,
    e.somefield as something,
    ... (some similar selects from e)
    c.field as anotherthing,
   ... (lots of other fields from c)
    from SCHEMA.TABLE1 e
    inner join SCHEMA.TABLE2 c on e.key = c.key
)

解释计划提到两个表的完整表访问并不奇怪,因为只返回前几行不应该花费很长时间.

EDIT2:这是完整的计划

SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2644394598

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                 | Name        | Rows  | Bytes |TempSpc| Cost (%CPU)| Time     | Pstart| Pstop |    TQ  |IN-OUT| PQ Distrib |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT          |             |     4 |  1252 |       | 43546   (1)| 00:08:43 |       |       |        |      |            |
|*  1 |  COUNT STOPKEY            |             |       |       |       |            |          |       |       |        |      |            |
|   2 |   PX COORDINATOR          |             |       |       |       |            |          |       |       |        |      |            |
|   3 |    PX SEND QC (RANDOM)    | :TQ10002    |   696K|   207M|       | 43546   (1)| 00:08:43 |       |       |  Q1,02 | P->S | QC (RAND)  |
|*  4 |     COUNT STOPKEY         |             |       |       |       |            |          |       |       |  Q1,02 | PCWC |            |
|*  5 |      HASH JOIN BUFFERED   |             |   696K|   207M|    49M| 43546   (1)| 00:08:43 |       |       |  Q1,02 | PCWP |            |

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   6 |       BUFFER SORT         |             |       |       |       |            |          |       |       |  Q1,02 | PCWC |            |
|   7 |        PX RECEIVE         |             |   696K|    90M|       |  5137   (1)| 00:01:02 |       |       |  Q1,02 | PCWP |            |
|   8 |         PX SEND HASH      | :TQ10000    |   696K|    90M|       |  5137   (1)| 00:01:02 |       |       |        | S->P | HASH       |
|   9 |          TABLE ACCESS FULL| TABLE1      |   696K|    90M|       |  5137   (1)| 00:01:02 |       |       |        |      |            |
|  10 |       PX RECEIVE          |             |   892K|   149M|       |  5260   (1)| 00:01:04 |       |       |  Q1,02 | PCWP |            |
|  11 |        PX SEND HASH       | :TQ10001    |   892K|   149M|       |  5260   (1)| 00:01:04 |       |       |  Q1,01 | P->P | HASH       |
|  12 |         PX BLOCK ITERATOR |             |   892K|   149M|       |  5260   (1)| 00:01:04 |     1 |   140 |  Q1,01 | PCWC |            |
|  13 |          TABLE ACCESS FULL| TABLE2      |   892K|   149M|       |  5260   (1)| 00:01:04 |     1 |   140 |  Q1,01 | PCWP |            |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter(ROWNUM<5)
   4 - filter(ROWNUM<5)
   5 - access("E"."KEY"="C"."KEY")

27 rows selected.

Answer 1

我会/*+ NOPARALLEL */根据 GuiGi 的回答看看提示的作用。另一件可以尝试的事情是查看为此生成的计划：

select /*+ FIRST_ROWS(10)*/ * from VIEW_NAME where ROWNUM < 5;