使用日期时间绘制切片的pandas数据帧时的KeyError

Question

当我尝试绘制一个带有日期时间的pandas DataFrame列的切片时,我得到了一个KeyError.有人知道是什么原因引起的吗？

我设法在一个小的自包含示例中重现错误(您也可以在此处查看:http://nbviewer.ipython.org/3714142/):

import numpy as np
from pandas import DataFrame
import datetime
from pylab import *

test = DataFrame({'x' : [datetime.datetime(2012,9,10) + datetime.timedelta(n) for n in range(10)], 
                  'y' : range(10)})

现在,如果我绘图:

plot(test['x'][0:5])

没有问题,但是当我绘制时:

plot(test['x'][5:10])

我得到下面的KeyError(错误消息对我来说不是很有帮助).这仅发生日期时间列,不能与其他列(据我所经历).例如,plot(test['y'][5:10])这不是问题.

Ther错误消息:

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
KeyError                                  Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-7-aa076e3fc4e0> in <module>()
----> 1 plot(test['x'][5:10])

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.pyc in plot(*args, **kwargs)
   2456         ax.hold(hold)
   2457     try:
-> 2458         ret = ax.plot(*args, **kwargs)
   2459         draw_if_interactive()
   2460     finally:

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes.pyc in plot(self, *args, **kwargs)
   3846         lines = []
   3847 
-> 3848         for line in self._get_lines(*args, **kwargs):
   3849             self.add_line(line)
   3850             lines.append(line)

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes.pyc in _grab_next_args(self, *args, **kwargs)
    321                 return
    322             if len(remaining) <= 3:
--> 323                 for seg in self._plot_args(remaining, kwargs):
    324                     yield seg
    325                 return

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes.pyc in _plot_args(self, tup, kwargs)
    298             x = np.arange(y.shape[0], dtype=float)
    299 
--> 300         x, y = self._xy_from_xy(x, y)
    301 
    302         if self.command == 'plot':

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes.pyc in _xy_from_xy(self, x, y)
    215         if self.axes.xaxis is not None and self.axes.yaxis is not None:
    216             bx = self.axes.xaxis.update_units(x)
--> 217             by = self.axes.yaxis.update_units(y)
    218 
    219             if self.command!='plot':

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axis.pyc in update_units(self, data)
   1277         neednew = self.converter!=converter
   1278         self.converter = converter
-> 1279         default = self.converter.default_units(data, self)
   1280         #print 'update units: default=%s, units=%s'%(default, self.units)
   1281         if default is not None and self.units is None:

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\dates.pyc in default_units(x, axis)
   1153         'Return the tzinfo instance of *x* or of its first element, or None'
   1154         try:
-> 1155             x = x[0]
   1156         except (TypeError, IndexError):
   1157             pass

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.pyc in __getitem__(self, key)
    374     def __getitem__(self, key):
    375         try:
--> 376             return self.index.get_value(self, key)
    377         except InvalidIndexError:
    378             pass

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\index.pyc in get_value(self, series, key)
    529         """
    530         try:
--> 531             return self._engine.get_value(series, key)
    532         except KeyError, e1:
    533             if len(self) > 0 and self.inferred_type == 'integer':

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\_engines.pyd in pandas._engines.IndexEngine.get_value (pandas\src\engines.c:1479)()

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\_engines.pyd in pandas._engines.IndexEngine.get_value (pandas\src\engines.c:1374)()

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\_engines.pyd in pandas._engines.DictIndexEngine.get_loc (pandas\src\engines.c:2498)()

C:\Python27\lib\site-packages\pandas\_engines.pyd in pandas._engines.DictIndexEngine.get_loc (pandas\src\engines.c:2460)()

KeyError: 0

Answer 1

HYRY解释了为什么你会得到KeyError.要使用matplotlib使用切片绘图,您可以执行以下操作:

In [157]: plot(test['x'][5:10].values)
Out[157]: [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0xc38348c>]

In [158]: plot(test['x'][5:10].reset_index(drop=True))
Out[158]: [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0xc37e3cc>]

x,y用0.7.3一次性绘图

In [161]: test[5:10].set_index('x')['y'].plot()
Out[161]: <matplotlib.axes.AxesSubplot at 0xc48b1cc>

Answer 2

plot(test["x"][5:10])您可以调用Series对象的plot方法,而不是调用它:

test["x"][5:10].plot()

原因是:test["x"][5:10]一个Series对象的整数索引从5到10. plot()尝试获取它的索引0,这将导致错误.