我正在codecademy.com上学习一些JavaScript/jQuery课程.通常课程提供答案或提示,但对于这个课程,它没有给出任何帮助,我对说明有点困惑.
它说使makeGamePlayer函数返回一个带有三个键的对象.
//First, the object creator
function makeGamePlayer(name,totalScore,gamesPlayed) {
//should return an object with three keys:
// name
// totalScore
// gamesPlayed
}
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我不确定我是否应该这样做
//First, the object creator
function makeGamePlayer(name,totalScore,gamesPlayed) {
//should return an object with three keys:
// name
// totalScore
// gamesPlayed
this.name = name;
this.totalScore = totalScore;
this.gamesPlayed = gamesPlayed;
}
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或类似的东西
//First, the object creator
function makeGamePlayer(name,totalScore,gamesPlayed) {
//should return an object with three keys:
// name
// totalScore
// gamesPlayed
var obj = {
this.name = name;
this.totalScore = totalScore;
this.gamesPlayed = gamesPlayed;
}
}
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我必须能够在创建对象后修改它的属性.
Ori*_*iol 119
在JavaScript中,大多数函数都是可调用的和可实例化的:它们同时具有[[Call]]和[[Construct]]内部方法.
作为可调用对象,您可以使用括号来调用它们,可选地传递一些参数.作为调用的结果,该函数可以返回一个值.
var player = makeGamePlayer("John Smith", 15, 3);
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上面的代码调用function makeGamePlayer并将返回的值存储在变量中player.在这种情况下,您可能希望定义如下函数:
function makeGamePlayer(name, totalScore, gamesPlayed) {
// Define desired object
var obj = {
name: name,
totalScore: totalScore,
gamesPlayed: gamesPlayed
};
// Return it
return obj;
}
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另外,当你调用一个函数时,你也会在引擎盖下传递一个额外的参数,它决定this了函数内部的值.在上面的例子中,由于makeGamePlayer未作为方法调用,因此该this值将是sloppy模式下的全局对象,或者是严格模式下的undefined.
作为构造函数,您可以使用new运算符来实例化它们.此运算符使用[[Construct]]内部方法(仅在构造函数中可用),其执行如下操作:
.prototype构造函数的新对象this值var player = new GamePlayer("John Smith", 15, 3);
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上面的代码创建了一个实例,GamePlayer并将返回的值存储在变量中player.在这种情况下,您可能希望定义如下函数:
function GamePlayer(name,totalScore,gamesPlayed) {
// `this` is the instance which is currently being created
this.name = name;
this.totalScore = totalScore;
this.gamesPlayed = gamesPlayed;
// No need to return, but you can use `return this;` if you want
}
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按照惯例,构造函数名称以大写字母开头.
使用构造函数的优点是实例继承自GamePlayer.prototype.然后,您可以在那里定义属性并使其在所有实例中可用
Pee*_*Haa 41
您只需使用对象文字就可以这样做:
function makeGamePlayer(name,totalScore,gamesPlayed) {
return {
name: name,
totalscore: totalScore,
gamesPlayed: gamesPlayed
};
}
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使用 ES2016 JavaScript 执行此操作的最新方法
let makeGamePlayer = (name, totalScore, gamesPlayed) => ({
name,
totalScore,
gamesPlayed
})
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两种风格都可以进行调整。
第一种方法使用Javascript构造函数,它像大多数事物一样具有优缺点。
// By convention, constructors start with an upper case letter
function MakePerson(name,age) {
// The magic variable 'this' is set by the Javascript engine and points to a newly created object that is ours.
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
this.occupation = "Hobo";
}
var jeremy = new MakePerson("Jeremy", 800);
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另一方面,如果我没记错的话,您的另一种方法称为“显示关闭模式”。
function makePerson(name2, age2) {
var name = name2;
var age = age2;
return {
name: name,
age: age
};
}
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