存在外键约束时更改MySQL主键

Question

我有两个已经存在的表,看起来(部分)大致是这样的:

CREATE TABLE parent (
    old_pk CHAR(8) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

CREATE TABLE child (
    parent_key CHAR(8),
    FOREIGN KEY (parent_key) REFERENCES parent(old_pk)
        ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE
) ENGINE=InnoDB;

我想添加一个新的自动递增整数id列,parent并将其用作主键,同时仍保留old_pk为唯一键,并允许其他表喜欢child在外键约束中引用它.不幸的是,简单说ALTER TABLE parent DROP PRIMARY KEY不起作用:

错误代码:1025

将'./data/#sql-4013_70f5e'重命名为'./data/parent'时出错(错误号:150)

一些谷歌搜索表明这是由于现有的外键引用child.从本质上讲,我需要一种方法告诉M​​ySQL"使用其他列作为主键,但不要忘记原始列的唯一键 - ".有没有办法实现这一点,除了从中删除关键约束child并在之后恢复它们？

假设我必须在适当的位置更改表,而不是使用相同的数据创建副本并在以后交换它们.我SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0在改变表之前尝试过使用,但它似乎没有帮助.

Answer 1

在删除主键之前,将一个索引(甚至可能是UNIQUE)添加到old_pk:

mysql> CREATE TABLE parent (
    ->     old_pk CHAR(8) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY
    -> ) ENGINE=InnoDB;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> CREATE TABLE child (
    ->     parent_key CHAR(8),
    ->     FOREIGN KEY (parent_key) REFERENCES parent(old_pk)
    ->         ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE
    -> ) ENGINE=InnoDB;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO parent VALUES ('a');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> CREATE INDEX old_pk_unique ON parent (old_pk);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE parent DROP PRIMARY KEY;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 1  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> INSERT INTO child VALUES ('a');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE parent;
+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table  | Create Table                                                                                                                 |
+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| parent | CREATE TABLE `parent` (
  `old_pk` char(8) NOT NULL,
  KEY `old_pk_unique` (`old_pk`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO child VALUES ('b');
ERROR 1452 (23000): Cannot add or update a child row: a foreign key constraint fails (`test/child`, CONSTRAINT `child_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`parent_key`) REFERENCES `parent` (`old_pk`) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE)

mysql> INSERT INTO parent VALUES ('b');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> INSERT INTO child VALUES ('b');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> ALTER TABLE parent ADD id INT;
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> UPDATE parent SET id = 1 WHERE old_pk = 'a';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> UPDATE parent SET id = 2 WHERE old_pk = 'b';
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> ALTER TABLE parent ADD PRIMARY KEY (id);
Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 2  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> SHOW CREATE TABLE parent;
+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table  | Create Table                                                                                                                                                                             |
+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| parent | CREATE TABLE `parent` (
  `old_pk` char(8) NOT NULL,
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL default '0',
  PRIMARY KEY  (`id`),
  KEY `old_pk_unique` (`old_pk`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1 |
+--------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)