Ubuntu包管理(基础):sudo apt-get upgrade firefox

Question

只是想在最新的ubuntu上将firefox从11.0更新到13.0,所以做了以下事情:

$ sudo apt-get upgrade firefox

以为我的firefox会升级.

相反,ubuntu开始更新整个系统中的每个包.现在我无法停止这个过程,因为如果我这样做可能会使系统处于不一致的状态.

我在命令行中发出正确的命令来升级单个包时出错了.好的,谢天谢地,15分钟后命令成功返回.

升级和更新有什么区别？

谢谢,

约翰戈切

Answer 1

直接从apt-get手册页中获取:

update
   update is used to resynchronize the package index files from their
   sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the
   location(s) specified in /etc/apt/sources.list. For example, when
   using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the
   Packages.gz files, so that information about new and updated
   packages is available. An update should always be performed before
   an upgrade or dist-upgrade. Please be aware that the overall
   progress meter will be incorrect as the size of the package files
   cannot be known in advance.

upgrade
   upgrade is used to install the newest versions of all packages
   currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in
   /etc/apt/sources.list. Packages currently installed with new
   versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no
   circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages
   not already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of
   currently installed packages that cannot be upgraded without
   changing the install status of another package will be left at
   their current version. An update must be performed first so that
   apt-get knows that new versions of packages are available.

Update用于更新apt-get软件包列表,upgrade用于安装所有软件包的更新.要仅更新一个包,请使用install.

sudo apt-get install firefox