Django/Apache/mod_wsgi:没有名为importlib的模块

Question

在过去两个月与django的开发服务器合作之后,时间终于转移到了apache + mod_wsgi.

问题是,当我访问我的网站(让我们称之为junux),到映射到django应用程序的URL时,事情似乎不起作用.在服务器上运行开发服务器时,事情正常.

错误的底线是在apache error_log中给出的:

ImportError:无法导入设置'junux_site.settings'(是否在sys.path上？):没有名为importlib的模块

我知道这类似于对此事的许多其他问题(有这么多,我甚至不会说出来了这里),但我还没有找到答案.我已经阅读了很多关于转向生产的指南,包括django的部署文档,mod_wsgi的指南,一些pycon演示文稿,并且一直在谷歌上搜索这个问题......

下面有很多有趣和令人兴奋的细节.

任何帮助将不胜感激.提前致谢.

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配置:

• 在CentOS 6上使用mod_wsgi的Apache 2.2.15
• 从源代码编译的Python 2.7.3
• 该网站使用virtualenv

这是apache返回的错误页面:

Internal Server Error
The server encountered an internal error or misconfiguration and was unable to complete your request.
Apache/2.2.15 (CentOS) Server at junux.net Port 80

apache error_log显示以下信息:

mod_wsgi (pid=22502): Create interpreter 'junux.net|/dev'.
mod_wsgi (pid=22502): Exception occurred processing WSGI script '/var/www/junux_dev/junux_site/wsgi.py'.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/var/www/junux_dev/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 219, in __call__
    self.load_middleware()
  File "/var/www/junux_dev/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 39, in load_middleware
    for middleware_path in settings.MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES:
  File "/var/www/junux_dev/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 184, in inner
    self._setup()
  File "/var/www/junux_dev/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 42, in _setup
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "/var/www/junux_dev/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 95, in __init__
    raise ImportError("Could not import settings '%s' (Is it on sys.path?): %s" % (self.SETTINGS_MODULE, e))
ImportError: Could not import settings 'junux_site.settings' (Is it on sys.path?): No module named importlib

相关wsgi.py:

import os
import sys
import site

# use our virtual environment
SITE_DIR = os.path.dirname(__file__)
PROJECT_ROOT = os.path.dirname(SITE_DIR)
site_packages = os.path.join(PROJECT_ROOT, 'venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages')
site.addsitedir(os.path.abspath(site_packages))
sys.path.insert(0, SITE_DIR)
sys.path.insert(1, PROJECT_ROOT)

os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "junux_site.settings")

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()

并且httpd.conf:(来自默认的apache配置文件的更多内容)

<VirtualHost *:80>
        ServerName junux.net
        ServerAlias junux.net
        ServerAdmin admin@junux.net

        WSGIScriptAlias /test /var/www/test/hello.py
        WSGIScriptAlias /dev /var/www/junux_dev/junux_site/wsgi.py

        <Directory /var/www/test >
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
        </Directory>

        <Directory /var/www/junux_dev >
        Options FollowSymLinks
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
        </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

LogLevel info

有一个WSGIScriptAlias以/test提供完整性检查是确实的mod_wsgi工作.确实如此.当打开该URL时(非常简单)应用程序工作(典型的hello世界).

我已设置权限,chmod o+r在我的WSGI文件,并chmod o+rx在整个/var/www/junux_dev目录,如从refered到PYCON悉尼- 2010演示文稿指示在这里.

Answer 1

什么版本的Python是mod_wsgi编译的？看起来您可能在系统上安装了多个Python,而您的虚拟环境使用的是Python 2.7,但您的mod_wsgi是针对2.6编译的.

基于这个猜测是因为importlib仅在Python 2.7中添加,所以如果mod_wsgi是为2.6编译并使用该基本安装,那么将无法找到importlib.

运行检查:

http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/CheckingYourInstallation#Python_Shared_Library http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/CheckingYourInstallation#Python_Installation_In_Use