System.IO.FileNotFoundException:部署应用程序时无法加载文件或程序集"X"或其依赖项之一

Question

我在部署一个应用程序时遇到了一个奇怪的问题,该应用程序引用了一个用托管c ++编写的程序集.

我已经创建了一个程序集X,编译它并在一个名为Starter的exe文件中引用它.

Starter.exe在本地mashine上正常启动.但是,当我将启动器调试文件夹的所有内容复制到虚拟mashine并尝试在那里启动时,它会崩溃并出现以下异常:

Unhandled Exception: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or 
assembly 'X' or one of its dependencies. The specified module could not be found.

这对我没有任何意义,因为X与Starter.exe位于同一个文件夹中.

什么可能导致这个问题？

UPDATE

我已经在目标机器上检查了Reflector中的依赖项,并且能够找到所有这些文件的文件.

我还为所有项目将配置更改为x86/win32.

UPDATE

以下是Fusion Log的日志(位置:C:\ FusionLog\Default\Starter.exe\X,Version = 1.0.4538.22813,Culture = neutral,PublicKeyToken = null.HTM):

*** Assembly Binder Log Entry  (6/4/2012 @ 1:56:13 PM) ***

The operation was successful.
Bind result: hr = 0x0. The operation completed successfully.

Assembly manager loaded from:  C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable  C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\tmp\k;k\Starter.exe
--- A detailed error log follows. 

=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: User = MENKAUR-7683827\Administrator
LOG: DisplayName = X, Version=1.0.4538.22813, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null
 (Fully-specified)
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/Desktop/tmp/k;k/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = NULL
LOG: Dynamic Base = NULL
LOG: Cache Base = NULL
LOG: AppName = Starter.exe
Calling assembly : Starter, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null.
===
LOG: This bind starts in default load context.
LOG: Using application configuration file: C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\tmp\k;k\Starter.exe.Config
LOG: Using host configuration file: 
LOG: Using machine configuration file from C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\config\machine.config.
LOG: Policy not being applied to reference at this time (private, custom, partial, or location-based assembly bind).
LOG: Attempting download of new URL file:///C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/Desktop/tmp/k;k/X.DLL.
LOG: Assembly download was successful. Attempting setup of file: C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\tmp\k;k\X.dll
LOG: Entering run-from-source setup phase.
LOG: Assembly Name is: X, Version=1.0.4538.22813, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null
LOG: Binding succeeds. Returns assembly from C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\tmp\k;k\X.dll.
LOG: Assembly is loaded in default load context.

唯一的错误是在C:\ FusionLog\NativeImage\Starter.exe \目录中:

*** Assembly Binder Log Entry  (6/4/2012 @ 1:56:13 PM) ***

The operation failed.
Bind result: hr = 0x80070002. The system cannot find the file specified.

Assembly manager loaded from:  C:\WINDOWS\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\clr.dll
Running under executable  C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\tmp\k;k\Starter.exe
--- A detailed error log follows. 

=== Pre-bind state information ===
LOG: User = MENKAUR-7683827\Administrator
LOG: DisplayName = BookmarkWiz.Kernel, Version=1.0.4538.22813, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null
 (Fully-specified)
LOG: Appbase = file:///C:/Documents and Settings/Administrator/Desktop/tmp/k;k/
LOG: Initial PrivatePath = NULL
LOG: Dynamic Base = NULL
LOG: Cache Base = NULL
LOG: AppName = Starter.exe
Calling assembly : Starter, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null.
===
LOG: Start binding of native image X, Version=1.0.4538.22813, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null.
WRN: No matching native image found.
LOG: IL assembly loaded from C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Desktop\tmp\k;k\X.dll.

我无法签署程序集,因为它引用了几个未签名的其他程序集

Answer 1

...无法加载文件或程序集"X"或其依赖项之一 ...

很可能它无法加载另一个依赖项.

您可以尝试使用依赖性walker检查依赖项.

即:http://www.dependencywalker.com/

另请检查您的构建配置(x86/64)

编辑:当我从"不受信任的"网络共享中以zip方式复制dll时,我也遇到过这个问题.该文件被Windows锁定,并引发了FileNotFoundException.

请参阅此处:检测到来自互联网并被CASPOL"阻止"的DLL

Answer 2

我通过重命名 DLL 解决了这个问题。DLL 在上传到共享位置时已被手动重命名（在文件名后附加了版本号）。从下载的文件中删除版本号解决了该问题。

Answer 3

我遇到过同样的问题。对我来说，它有助于删除项目文件夹中的 .vs 目录。