如何使用Perl使批处理文件像一个简单的grep一样？

Question

我已经知道这个问题的明显答案:"只需下载<插入喜欢的windows grep或grep-like tool>".但是,我在当地IT人员严格控制的环境中工作,关于我们允许在计算机上使用的内容.我只想说:我可以在Windows XP上访问Perl.这是我想出的一个快速的Perl脚本,它做了我想要的,但我还没有弄清楚如何设置一个批处理文件,以便我可以将命令输出传入其中,或传递一个文件(或文件列表) ？)作为"grep表达式"之后的参数:

perl -n -e "print $_ if (m![expression]!);" [filename]

如何编写我可以执行的批处理脚本,例如:

dir | grep.bat mypattern
grep.bat mypattern myfile.txt

编辑:虽然我标记了另一个"答案",但我想对Ray Hayes的回答表示赞赏,因为它实际上是"Windows方式",即使另一个答案在技术上更接近我想要的.

Answer 1

grep的大部分功能已经在Windows应用程序FindStr.exe中的计算机上可用,它是所有Windows 2000,XP和Vista计算机的一部分!它提供RegExpr等.

比批处理文件更容易,而批处理文件又调用Perl!

c:\>FindStr /?    
Searches for strings in files.

FINDSTR [/B] [/E] [/L] [/R] [/S] [/I] [/X] [/V] [/N] [/M] [/O] [/P] [/F:file]
        [/C:string] [/G:file] [/D:dir list] [/A:color attributes] [/OFF[LINE]]
        strings [[drive:][path]filename[ ...]]

  /B         Matches pattern if at the beginning of a line.
  /E         Matches pattern if at the end of a line.
  /L         Uses search strings literally.
  /R         Uses search strings as regular expressions.
  /S         Searches for matching files in the current directory and all
             subdirectories.
  /I         Specifies that the search is not to be case-sensitive.
  /X         Prints lines that match exactly.
  /V         Prints only lines that do not contain a match.
  /N         Prints the line number before each line that matches.
  /M         Prints only the filename if a file contains a match.
  /O         Prints character offset before each matching line.
  /P         Skip files with non-printable characters.
  /OFF[LINE] Do not skip files with offline attribute set.
  /A:attr    Specifies color attribute with two hex digits. See "color /?"
  /F:file    Reads file list from the specified file(/ stands for console).
  /C:string  Uses specified string as a literal search string.
  /G:file    Gets search strings from the specified file(/ stands for console).
  /D:dir     Search a semicolon delimited list of directories
  strings    Text to be searched for.
  [drive:][path]filename
             Specifies a file or files to search.

Use spaces to separate multiple search strings unless the argument is prefixed
with /C.  For example, 'FINDSTR "hello there" x.y' searches for "hello" or
"there" in file x.y.  'FINDSTR /C:"hello there" x.y' searches for
"hello there" in file x.y.

Regular expression quick reference:
  .        Wildcard: any character
  *        Repeat: zero or more occurances of previous character or class
  ^        Line position: beginning of line
  $        Line position: end of line
  [class]  Character class: any one character in set
  [^class] Inverse class: any one character not in set
  [x-y]    Range: any characters within the specified range
  \x       Escape: literal use of metacharacter x
  \<xyz    Word position: beginning of word
  xyz\>    Word position: end of word

Answer 2

下载并安装确认.它是grep的优秀替代品 - 感谢Perl的神奇双模式.BAT/Perl脚本魔术 - 它可以在命令行上运行.

Answer 3

我写了一会儿:

@rem = '--*-Perl-*--
@echo off
perl -x -S %0 %*
goto endofperl


@rem -- BEGIN PERL -- ';
#!d:/Perl/bin/perl.exe -w
#line 10
use strict; 
#use Test::Setup;
use Getopt::Long;

Getopt::Long::Configure ("bundling");

my $ignore_case    = 0;
my $number_line    = 0;
my $invert_results = 0;
my $verbose        = 0;

my $result = GetOptions( 
    'i|ignore_case' => \$ignore_case, 
    'n|number'      => \$number_line,
    'v|invert'      => \$invert_results,
    'verbose'       => \$verbose,
);
my $regex = shift;

if ( $ignore_case ) { 
    $regex = "(?i:$regex)";
}
$regex = qr/$regex/;
print "\$regex=$regex\n";
if ( $verbose ) { 
    print "Verbose: Ignoring case.\n"                      if $ignore_case;
    print "Verbose: Printing file name and line number.\n" if $number_line;
    print "Verbose: Inverting result set.\n"               if $invert_results;
    print "\n";
}

@ARGV = map { glob "$_" } @ARGV;

while ( <> ) { 
    my $matches = m/$regex/;
    next unless $matches ^ $invert_results;
    print "$ARGV\:$.:" if $number_line;
    print;
}

__END__
:endofperl

Answer 4

首先,将其转换为真正的脚本而不是单行:

use strict;
use warnings;

my $pattern = shift or die "Usage: $0 <pattern> [files|-]\n";
while (<>) { print if /$pattern/ }

然后使用pl2bat将其转换为批处理文件:

pl2bat mygrep.pl

这将创建"mygrep.bat".

对于完全用Perl编写的功能齐全的grep(以及许多其他Unix应用程序),请参阅Perl Power Tools项目.

虽然如果只能运行Perl,Perl Power Tools很好,但我通常更喜欢使用GnuWin32工具集.它们不需要安装.(您不需要管理权限,只需要您可以写入的目录.)