我一直在尝试使用MS Excel 2007来编辑存储在XML文件中的表格数据.它可以很好地导入甚至根据模式验证XML数据(xsd文件),但是当我导出时,它会从根元素中删除xmlns,xlmns:xsi和xsi:schemaLocation属性.它还将默认命名空间更改为显式命名空间.
这是一个前/后比较:
之前(导入Excel 之前的XML文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<database
xmlns="experimentManager"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="experimentManager Database.xsd">
<conditionTokens>
...
</conditionTokens>
<participants>
...
</participants>
</database>
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之后(从Excel导出后的XML文件)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<ns1:database xmlns:ns1="experimentManager">
<ns1:conditionTokens>
...
</ns1:conditionTokens>
<ns1:participants>
...
</ns1:participants>
</ns1:database>
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有没有办法阻止Excel剥离这些属性并搞乱命名空间?我已阅读有关XML映射和导入/导出的MS帮助,但GUI中似乎没有任何设置可用于我想要做的事情.如果我需要编写自定义宏,那是可能的,但如果有更好/更简单的方法,我宁愿不这样做.
第二个问题:是否有更好的工具允许使用类似Excel的UI轻松编辑XML文件的某些部分?
好吧,我硬着头皮写了一个很好的 VBA 宏。我想我会与大家分享,以防其他人遇到同样的问题。
该宏基本上调用 Excel 的内置 XML Export() 方法,然后对结果文件执行一系列文本替换。文本替换完全取决于您。只需将它们放在工作表中,如下面链接中的工作表...
如何设置“替换规则”的示例: 点我查看屏幕截图
在此示例中,我将制表符替换为空格-空格,将“:ns1”替换为空白,将“ns1:”替换为空白,并将精简的根元素替换为原始根元素。
您可以按照自己喜欢的方式格式化替换规则,只要遵循以下说明即可:
*如果您不熟悉 Excel 2007 中的命名范围,请单击“公式”选项卡并选择“名称管理器”。
好吧,我不会再让你悬念了(笑)...这是宏的代码。只需将其放置在 VBA 编辑器的模块中即可。我对这个免费代码不提供任何保证(如果您没有正确命名范围,您可能很容易破坏它),但我尝试过的几个示例对我有用。
Option Explicit
Sub ExportXml()
Dim exportResult As XlXmlExportResult
Dim exportPath As String
Dim xmlMap As String
Dim fileContents As String
exportPath = RequestExportPath()
If exportPath = "" Or exportPath = "False" Then Exit Sub
xmlMap = range("XmlMap")
exportResult = ActiveWorkbook.XmlMaps(xmlMap).Export(exportPath, True)
If exportResult = xlXmlExportValidationFailed Then
Beep
Exit Sub
End If
fileContents = ReadInTextFile(exportPath)
fileContents = ApplyReplaceRules(fileContents)
WriteTextToFile exportPath, fileContents
End Sub
Function ApplyReplaceRules(fileContents As String) As String
Dim replaceWorksheet As Worksheet
Dim findWhatRange As range
Dim replaceWithRange As range
Dim findWhat As String
Dim replaceWith As String
Dim cell As Integer
Set findWhatRange = range("FindWhat")
Set replaceWithRange = range("ReplaceWith")
For cell = 1 To findWhatRange.Cells.Count
findWhat = findWhatRange.Cells(cell)
If findWhat <> "" Then
replaceWith = replaceWithRange.Cells(cell)
fileContents = Replace(fileContents, findWhat, replaceWith)
End If
Next cell
ApplyReplaceRules = fileContents
End Function
Function RequestExportPath() As String
Dim messageBoxResult As VbMsgBoxResult
Dim exportPath As String
Dim message As String
message = "The file already exists. Do you want to replace it?"
Do While True
exportPath = Application.GetSaveAsFilename("", "XML Files (*.xml),*.xml")
If exportPath = "False" Then Exit Do
If Not FileExists(exportPath) Then Exit Do
messageBoxResult = MsgBox(message, vbYesNo, "File Exists")
If messageBoxResult = vbYes Then Exit Do
Loop
RequestExportPath = exportPath
End Function
Function FileExists(path As String) As Boolean
Dim fileSystemObject
Set fileSystemObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
FileExists = fileSystemObject.FileExists(path)
End Function
Function ReadInTextFile(path As String) As String
Dim fileSystemObject
Dim textStream
Dim fileContents As String
Dim line As String
Set fileSystemObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set textStream = fileSystemObject.OpenTextFile(path)
fileContents = textStream.ReadAll
textStream.Close
ReadInTextFile = fileContents
End Function
Sub WriteTextToFile(path As String, fileContents As String)
Dim fileSystemObject
Dim textStream
Set fileSystemObject = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set textStream = fileSystemObject.CreateTextFile(path, True)
textStream.Write fileContents
textStream.Close
End Sub
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