如何选择每列与值不匹配的所有行？

Question

我需要选择一个不等于某个语句的值本身.

就像是

SELECT * FROM table WHERE * != "qwerty"

但不喜欢

SELECT * FROM table WHERE column_name != "qwerty"

我怎样才能做到这一点？

我有一张桌子

       1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10   11   ...   ...
    1  a   b   c   d   t   h   v   h   d   t    y    ...   ...
    2  g   t   5   s   h   r   q   q   q   q    q    ...   ...
   ... ...
   ... ...

我需要选择不等于"q"的每个值

我可以做得像

SELECT * WHERE 1 != q AND 2 != q AND 3 != q ...

但是我有很多专栏

Answer 1

试试这个:

SELECT * FROM table WHERE "qwerty" NOT IN (column1,column2,column3,column4,etc)

另一个例子:

-- this...
SELECT 'HELLO!' FROM tblx 
WHERE 'JOHN' NOT IN (col1,col2,col3);

-- ...is semantically equivalent to:
SELECT 'HELLO!' FROM tblx 
WHERE 'JOHN' <> col1
  AND 'JOHN' <> col2
  AND 'JOHN' <> col3;

数据源:

create table tblx(col1 text,col2 text,col3 text);
 insert into tblx values
('GEORGE','PAUL','RINGO'), 
('GEORGE','JOHN','RINGO');

如果您使用的是Postgresql,则可以为列创建快捷方式:

select * 
from
(
select 

   row(tblx.*)::text AS colsAsText,

   translate(row(tblx.*)::text,'()','{}')::text[]
      as colsAsArray

from tblx
) x
where 'JOHN' <> ALL(colsAsArray)  

现场测试:http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!1/8de35/2

Postgres可以从数组中创建行,'JOHN' <> ALL相当于::

where 'JOHN' NOT IN (SELECT unnest(colsAsArray))  

现场测试:http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!1/8de35/6

如果您真正想要实现上述目标,那么如果您使用全文搜索,搜索会更好

• Postgresql:http://www.postgresql.org/docs/9.1/static/textsearch.html
• Sql Server:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms142571.aspx
• MySQL:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.0/en/fulltext-search.html

对于MySQL:

select 
  @columns := group_concat(column_name)
from information_schema.columns
where table_name = 'tblx'
group by table_name;




set @dynStmt := 
   concat('select * from tblx where ? NOT IN (',  @columns ,')');



select @dynStmt;

prepare stmt from @dynStmt;

set @filter := 'JOHN';

execute stmt using @filter;

deallocate prepare stmt; 

现场测试:http://www.sqlfiddle.com/#!2/ 8de35/ 49