为什么python scrapy显示"twisted.internet.error.TimeoutError"错误

Question

我试图使用python scrapy废弃页面.经过一些报废操作后,scrapy正在戒烟

twisted.internet.error.TimeoutError error

这是我的代码:

#infobel_spider.py
from scrapy.spider import BaseSpider
from scrapy.selector import HtmlXPathSelector
from scrapy.http.request import Request
from scrapy.http import FormRequest
from infobel.items import InfobelItem
import sys
import xlwt
import re
import codecs    

class InfobelSpider(BaseSpider):
    name = 'infobel'
    start_urls = ['http://www.infobel.com/en/italy/business/20300/accessories']

    def parse(self,response):

        hxs = HtmlXPathSelector(response)

        next_page = hxs.select("//a[@id='Pagination1_lnkNextRec']/@href").extract()
        if not not next_page:
             yield Request("http://www.infobel.com"+next_page[0],self.parse)

        qs = hxs.select("//div[@class='result-item clearfix']")
        items = []
        for q in qs:
            item = InfobelItem()
            item['name'] = q.select('div/div/h2/a/span/text()').extract()
            item['address'] = q.select('div/div/ul/li[1]/div/span/text()').extract()
            item['phone'] = q.select('div/div/ul/li[2]/div/text()').extract()
            item['email'] = q.select('div/div/ul/li[3]/div/a/text()').extract()
            item['website'] = q.select('div/div/ul/li[4]/div/a/@href').extract()
            item['category'] = q.select("div/div[@class='categories']/div/ul/li/text()").extract()
            items.append(item)
        for item in items:
            yield item

#items.py    
from scrapy.item import Item, Field

class InfobelItem(Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    name = Field()
    address = Field()
    phone = Field()
    email = Field()
    category = Field()
    website = Field()

#middlewares.py    
import base64
import random
from settings import PROXIES

class ProxyMiddleware(object):
    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        proxy = random.choice(PROXIES)
        if proxy['user_pass'] is not None:
            request.meta['proxy'] = "http://%s" % proxy['ip_port']
            encoded_user_pass = base64.encodestring(proxy['user_pass'])
            request.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] = 'Basic ' + encoded_user_pass
        else:
            request.meta['proxy'] = "http://%s" % proxy['ip_port']

#pipelines.py
from scrapy.contrib.loader import ItemLoader
from scrapy.contrib.loader.processor import TakeFirst, MapCompose, Join
import re
import json
import csv

class InfobelPipeline(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.file = csv.writer(open('items.csv','wb'))
    def process_item(self, item, spider):
        name = item['name']
        address = item['address']
        phone = item['phone']
        email = item['email']
        category = item['category']
        website = item['website']
        self.file.writerow((name,address,phone,email,category,website))
        return item

#settings.py    
BOT_NAME = 'infobel'
BOT_VERSION = '1.0'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['infobel.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'infobel.spiders'
DEFAULT_ITEM_CLASS = 'infobel.items.InfobelItem'
USER_AGENT = '%s/%s' % (BOT_NAME, BOT_VERSION)
ITEM_PIPELINES = ['infobel.pipelines.InfobelPipeline']
PROXIES = [{'ip_port': '41.43.31.226:8080', 'user_pass': ''},
           {'ip_port': '64.120.226.94:8080', 'user_pass': ''},
           {'ip_port': '196.2.73.246:3128', 'user_pass': ''},]
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    'scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware': 110,
    'infobel.middlewares.ProxyMiddleware': 100,
}

这是输出:

[infobel] INFO: Passed InfobelItem(website=[u'track.aspx?id=0&url=http://www.bbmodena.it'], category=[u'TELEVISION, VIDEO AND HI-FI EMERGENCY BREAKDOWN SERVICES, REPAIRS AND SPARE PARTS'], name=[u'B & B (S.R.L.) (RIP.TVC VIDEO HI-FI)'], phone=[u'059254545'], address=[u'V. MALAVOLTI\xa047', u'41100', u'MODENA'], email=[u'info@bbmodena.it'])
[infobel] DEBUG: Scraped InfobelItem(website=[u'track.aspx?id=0&url=http://sitoinlavorazione.seat.it/boninispa'], category=[u'AUTOMOBILE AGENTS, DEALERS AND DEALERSHIPS'], name=[u'BONINI (S.P.A.) (CONCESSIONARIA RENAULT)'], phone=[u'035310333'], address=[u'V. S. BERNARDINO\xa0151', u'24126', u'BERGAMO'], email=[u'info@boniniautospa.it']) in <http://www.infobel.com/en/italy/business/20300/accessories>
[infobel] INFO: Passed InfobelItem(website=[u'track.aspx?id=0&url=http://sitoinlavorazione.seat.it/boninispa'], category=[u'AUTOMOBILE AGENTS, DEALERS AND DEALERSHIPS'], name=[u'BONINI (S.P.A.) (CONCESSIONARIA RENAULT)'], phone=[u'035310333'], address=[u'V. S. BERNARDINO\xa0151', u'24126', u'BERGAMO'], email=[u'info@boniniautospa.it'])
[infobel] DEBUG: Retrying <GET http://www.infobel.com/en/italy/business/20300/accessories/10> (failed 1 times): 200 OK
[infobel] DEBUG: Retrying <GET http://www.infobel.com/en/italy/business/20300/accessories/10> (failed 2 times): 200 OK
[infobel] DEBUG: Discarding <GET http://www.infobel.com/en/italy/business/20300/accessories/10> (failed 3 times): User timeout caused connection failure.
[infobel] ERROR: Error downloading <http://www.infobel.com/en/italy/business/20300/accessories/10>: [Failure instance: Traceback (failure with no frames): <class 'twisted.internet.error.TimeoutError'>: User timeout caused connection failure.

[infobel] INFO: Closing spider (finished)
[infobel] INFO: Spider closed (finished)

Answer 1

我发现这个问题有同样的问题.用户询问已经解决了他自己,我在这里发布,所以它更明显:

在从站点下载页面之间设置延迟可以帮助解决因对请求过于频繁而导致的超时错误.这是通过项目的settings.py文件中的DOWNLOAD_DELAY参数完成的.

Scrapy文档有这样的说法:

在从同一网站下载连续页面之前,下载程序应等待的时间(以秒为单位).这可以用来限制爬行速度,以避免过于严重地击中服务器.支持十进制数.例:

DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 0.25#250毫秒的延迟