gem install pg在OSX Lion上不起作用

Question

这个问题有各种各样的变化,但是它们似乎都没有解决我问题的答案.

我正在运行OSX Lion(10.7.3).安装了最新的XCode.

我使用postgresapp.com的Postgres.app包安装了Postgres.

但是当我尝试安装pg gem时,我遇到了失败:

$ gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing pg:
    ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

        /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/bin/ruby extconf.rb --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config
Using config values from /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of
necessary libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more
details.  You may need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
    --with-opt-dir
    --with-opt-include
    --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
    --with-opt-lib
    --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
    --with-make-prog
    --without-make-prog
    --srcdir=.
    --curdir
    --ruby=/Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/bin/ruby
    --with-pg
    --without-pg
    --with-pg-dir
    --without-pg-dir
    --with-pg-include
    --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
    --with-pg-lib
    --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib
    --with-pg-config
/Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:381:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:506:in `try_cpp'
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:970:in `block in find_header'
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:790:in `block in checking_for'
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:284:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:254:in `open'
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:284:in `block in postpone'
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:254:in `open'
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:280:in `postpone'
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:789:in `checking_for'
    from /Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib/ruby/1.9.1/mkmf.rb:969:in `find_header'
    from extconf.rb:40:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /Users/disaacs/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125/gems/pg-0.13.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /Users/disaacs/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p125/gems/pg-0.13.2/ext/gem_make.out

该/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config命令的输出是:

$ /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config
BINDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin
DOCDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/share/doc
HTMLDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/share/doc
INCLUDEDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/include
PKGINCLUDEDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/include
INCLUDEDIR-SERVER = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/include/server
LIBDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/lib
PKGLIBDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/lib
LOCALEDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/share/locale
MANDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/share/man
SHAREDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/share
SYSCONFDIR = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/etc
PGXS = /Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/lib/pgxs/src/makefiles/pgxs.mk
CONFIGURE = '--prefix=/Users/mattt/Code/heroku/Postgres/Postgres/Vendor/postgres' '--enable-thread-safety' '--with-openssl' '--with-gssapi' '--with-bonjour' '--with-krb5' '--with-libxml' '--with-libxslt' '--with-ossp-uuid' '--with-perl' '--with-python'
CC = gcc
CPPFLAGS = -I/usr/include/libxml2
CFLAGS = -O2 -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wendif-labels -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv
CFLAGS_SL = 
LDFLAGS = -Wl,-dead_strip_dylibs
LDFLAGS_EX = 
LDFLAGS_SL = 
LIBS = -lpgport -lxslt -lxml2 -lssl -lcrypto -lgssapi_krb5 -lz -lreadline -lm 
VERSION = PostgreSQL 9.1.3

所有这些设置看起来都是正确的,除了CONFIGURE变量(这似乎是指其他一些计算机 - 我没有用户名为mattt).

mkmf.log文件的内容是

"/usr/bin/gcc-4.2 -o conftest -I/Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/include/ruby-1.9.1/x86_64-darwin10.8.0 -I/Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/include/ruby-1.9.1/ruby/backward -I/Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/include/ruby-1.9.1 -I. -I/Users/disaacs/.rvm/usr/include -D_XOPEN_SOURCE -D_DARWIN_C_SOURCE   -I/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/include  -O3 -ggdb -Wextra -Wno-unused-parameter -Wno-parentheses -Wno-long-long -Wno-missing-field-initializers -Wpointer-arith -Wwrite-strings -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Wshorten-64-to-32 -Wimplicit-function-declaration  -fno-common -pipe conftest.c  -L. -L/Users/disaacs/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p125/lib -L/Users/disaacs/.rvm/usr/lib -L. -L/usr/local/lib -L/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/lib     -lruby.1.9.1  -lpthread -ldl -lobjc "
checked program was:
/* begin */
1: #include "ruby.h"
2:
3: int main() {return 0;}
/* end */

任何建议,将不胜感激.

我查看了extconf.rb文件,经过一些调试后我发现它是一个调用

find_header ('libpq-fe.h')

那是失败的.不是因为libpq-fe.h不存在,而是因为find_header方法本身失败了.我尝试使用irb运行find_header,并得到了同样的错误:

$ irb
1.9.3-p125 :001 > require 'mkmf'
 => true 
1.9.3-p125 :002 > find_header 'libpq-fe.h'
checking for libpq-fe.h... RuntimeError: The compiler failed to generate an executable file.
You have to install development tools first.

编辑:

发现我的电脑必须比我想象的更加烦躁.我正在为另一个项目进行bundle install,我在安装sqlite3 gem时遇到了类似的失败.

checking for sqlite3.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***

我以前从未遇到过sqlite3 gem的问题.

Answer 1

我终于找到了问题的原因!虽然我仍然不确定这个问题是如何产生的.

查看我的安装命令失败时创建的mkmf.log文件的内容(请参阅我的原始帖子).它记录尝试运行以下命令

/usr/bin/gcc-4.2 ...and so on...

/usr/bin/gcc-4.2我的系统没有.有一个gcc,象征性地链接到 llvm-gcc-4.2.我的解决方案是创建另一个符号链接

sudo ln -s llvm-gcc-4.2 gcc-4.2 

建立此链接后,我的gem install pg命令没有任何问题.

我发现在使用C扩展安装Ruby Gem的错误后,在Frozen Canuck博客上找到了这个问题的解决方案.他推测这个问题可能是由XCode的冲突版本引起的.不管是什么原因,我永远的感谢!

Answer 2

在OS X Mavericks上

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/llvm-gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.2

作品.

Answer 3

我有类似的问题.根据bobfet1对类似问题的回答,我能够通过以下方式安装gem:

sudo env ARCHFLAGS="-arch x86_64" gem install pg -- --with-pg-config=/Applications/Postgres.app/Contents/MacOS/bin/pg_config

Answer 4

感谢这个家伙:http://www.computersnyou.com/2025/

在Mavericks上使用:( xcode-select --install假设你已经从app商店安装了Xcode).

Answer 5

从应用程序商店安装xcode是不够的.您还需要xcode的命令行工具. https://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#documentation/DeveloperTools/Conceptual/WhatsNewXcode/Articles/xcode_4_3.html

从应用商店安装xcode后,打开xcode.转到Xcode-> Open Developer Tool-> More Developer Tools下载并安装最新的命令行工具.

打开终端窗口并运行:sudo gem install pg

Answer 6

小牛10.9上的类似问题 - 但它是由于未同意Xcode许可协议引起的.布莱什.

跑sudo xcodebuild并同意垃圾.一切都按预期工作.