Python请求库在Linux下超时

Question

我试图使用requests.py库来调用其余的Web服务.我在windows下为我的用法编写了一个快速原型,一切正常,但当我试图在linux下运行相同的原型时,我得到一个"requests.exceptions.Timeout:Request timed out"错误.有谁知道为什么会发生这种情况？如果我尝试使用该库访问非https url,它在windows和linux下都能正常工作.

import requests

url = 'https://path.to.rest/svc/?options'
r = requests.get(url, auth=('uid','passwd'), verify=False)
print(r.content)

我注意到如果我从get调用中省略了verify = False参数,我会得到一个不同的异常,即"requests.exceptions.SSLError:无法连接到HTTPS URL,因为SSL模块不可用".这似乎是一个可能的根本原因,虽然我不知道他们为什么会改变错误代码,但我找不到任何对ssl模块的引用,我验证了certifi已经安装.有趣的是,如果我在Windows中省略了验证参数,我会得到一个不同的异常,"requests.exceptions.SSLError:[Errno 1] _ssl.c:503:错误:14090086:SSL例程:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:证书验证失败"

编辑:

所提到的所有案例/场景的回溯

完整代码如上图所示:

Traceback(most recent call last):
    File "testRequests.py", line 15, in <module>
        r = requests.get(url, auth=('uid','passwd'), verify=False)
    File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/requests/api.py", line 52, in get
    File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/requests/api.py", line 40, in request
    File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/requests/sessions.py", line 208, in request
    File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/requests/models.py", line 586, in send
requests.exceptions.Timeout: Request timed out

如上所示的代码减去"verify = False"参数:

Traceback(most recent call last):
    File "testRequests.py", line 15, in <module>
        r = requests.get(url, auth=('uid','passwd'))
    File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/requests/api.py", line 52, in get
    File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/requests/api.py", line 40, in request
    File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/requests/sessions.py", line 208, in request
    File "build/bdist.linux-x86_64/egg/requests/models.py", line 584, in send
requests.exceptions.SSLError: Can't connect to HTTPS URL because the SSL module is not available

上面显示的代码减去"verify = False"参数并在windows下运行:

Traceback(most recent call last):
    File "testRequests.py", line 59, in <module>
        r = requests.get(url, auth=('uid','passwd'))
    File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 52, in get
        return request('get', url, **kwargs)
    File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\requests\api.py", line 40, in request
        return s.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
    File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 208, in request
        r.send(prefetch=prefetch)
    File "c:\Python27\lib\site-packages\requests\models.py", line 584, in send
        raise SSLError(e)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: [Errno 1] _ssl.c:503: error:14090086:SSL routines:SSL3_GET_SERVER_CERTIFICATE:certificate verify failed

Answer 1

我不是这方面的专家，但看起来来自服务器的证书无法正确验证。我不知道 Python 和 ssl 如何处理证书验证，但第一个选择是尝试忽略异常，或者可能更改https为http尝试查看 Web 服务是否允许非安全服务调用。

如果问题与 的导入错误有关ssl，则该模块是 CPython 的一部分，您可能需要确保 Python 解释器是使用 SSL 支持（来自 openssl）进行编译的。考虑删除 python 的包（小心）并使用 openssl 支持进行编译，我个人强烈建议您在删除任何内容之前先查看 virtualenv，编译 Python 并不太困难，它会给您更好的控制权你的目标是做。