远程服务器返回错误:(405)方法不允许.WCF REST服务

Question

这个问题已经在其他地方被问过,但这些问题不是解决我问题的方法.

这是我的服务

[WebInvoke(UriTemplate = "", Method = "POST")]
public SampleItem Create(SampleItem instance)
{
    // TODO: Add the new instance of SampleItem to the collection
    // throw new NotImplementedException();
    return new SampleItem();
}

我有这个代码来调用上面的服务

XElement data = new XElement("SampleItem",
                             new XElement("Id", "2"),
                             new XElement("StringValue", "sdddsdssd")
                           ); 

System.IO.MemoryStream dataSream1 = new MemoryStream();
data.Save(dataSream1);

HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create("http://localhost:2517/Service1/Create");
request.Method = "POST";
request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
// You need to know length and it has to be set before you access request stream
request.ContentLength = dataSream1.Length;

using (Stream requestStream = request.GetRequestStream())
{
    dataSream1.CopyTo(requestStream);
    byte[] bytes = dataSream1.ToArray();
    requestStream.Write(bytes, 0, Convert.ToInt16(dataSream1.Length));
    requestStream.Close();
}

WebResponse response = request.GetResponse();

我在最后一行得到一个例外:

远程服务器返回错误:(405)方法不允许.不知道为什么会发生这种情况我尝试将主机从VS Server更改为IIS,但结果没有变化.如果您需要更多信息,请告诉我

Answer 1

首先要知道REST服务的确切URL.既然你已经指定了http://localhost:2517/Service1/Create现在只是尝试从IE打开相同的URL,你应该得到方法不允许,因为你的Create方法是为WebInvoke定义的,IE是WebGet.

现在确保您的客户端应用程序中的SampleItem在服务器上的同一命名空间中定义,或者确保您构建的xml字符串具有适当的命名空间,以便服务识别出样本对象的xml字符串可以反序列化到服务器上的对象.

我在我的服务器上定义了SampleItem,如下所示:

namespace SampleApp
{
    public class SampleItem
    {
        public int Id { get; set; }
        public string StringValue { get; set; }            
    }    
}

与我的SampleItem对应的xml字符串如下:

<SampleItem xmlns="http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/SampleApp" xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"><Id>6</Id><StringValue>from client testing</StringValue></SampleItem>

现在我使用以下方法对REST服务执行POST:

private string UseHttpWebApproach<T>(string serviceUrl, string resourceUrl, string method, T requestBody)
        {
            string responseMessage = null;
            var request = WebRequest.Create(string.Concat(serviceUrl, resourceUrl)) as HttpWebRequest;
            if (request != null)
            {
                request.ContentType = "application/xml";
                request.Method = method;
            }

            //var objContent = HttpContentExtensions.CreateDataContract(requestBody);
            if(method == "POST" && requestBody != null)
            {
                byte[] requestBodyBytes = ToByteArrayUsingDataContractSer(requestBody);
                request.ContentLength = requestBodyBytes.Length;
                using (Stream postStream = request.GetRequestStream())
                    postStream.Write(requestBodyBytes, 0, requestBodyBytes.Length);                    
            }

            if (request != null)
            {
                var response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
                if(response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
                {
                    Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
                    if (responseStream != null)
                    {
                        var reader = new StreamReader(responseStream);

                        responseMessage = reader.ReadToEnd();                        
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    responseMessage = response.StatusDescription;
                }
            }
            return responseMessage;
        }

private static byte[] ToByteArrayUsingDataContractSer<T>(T requestBody)
        {
            byte[] bytes = null;
            var serializer1 = new DataContractSerializer(typeof(T));            
            var ms1 = new MemoryStream();            
            serializer1.WriteObject(ms1, requestBody);
            ms1.Position = 0;
            var reader = new StreamReader(ms1);
            bytes = ms1.ToArray();
            return bytes;
        }

现在我调用上面的方法如图所示:

SampleItem objSample = new SampleItem();
objSample.Id = 7;
objSample.StringValue = "from client testing";
string serviceBaseUrl = "http://localhost:2517/Service1";
string resourceUrl = "/Create";
string method="POST";

UseHttpWebApproach<SampleItem>(serviceBaseUrl, resourceUrl, method, objSample);

我也在客户端定义了SampleItem对象.如果要在客户端上构建xml字符串并传递,则可以使用以下方法:

private string UseHttpWebApproach(string serviceUrl, string resourceUrl, string method, string xmlRequestBody)
            {
                string responseMessage = null;
                var request = WebRequest.Create(string.Concat(serviceUrl, resourceUrl)) as HttpWebRequest;
                if (request != null)
                {
                    request.ContentType = "application/xml";
                    request.Method = method;
                }

                //var objContent = HttpContentExtensions.CreateDataContract(requestBody);
                if(method == "POST" && requestBody != null)
                {
                    byte[] requestBodyBytes = ASCIIEncoding.UTF8.GetBytes(xmlRequestBody.ToString());
                    request.ContentLength = requestBodyBytes.Length;
                    using (Stream postStream = request.GetRequestStream())
                        postStream.Write(requestBodyBytes, 0, requestBodyBytes.Length);                    
                }

                if (request != null)
                {
                    var response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
                    if(response.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)
                    {
                        Stream responseStream = response.GetResponseStream();
                        if (responseStream != null)
                        {
                            var reader = new StreamReader(responseStream);

                            responseMessage = reader.ReadToEnd();                        
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        responseMessage = response.StatusDescription;
                    }
                }
                return responseMessage;
            }

对上述方法的调用如下所示:

string sample = "<SampleItem xmlns=\"http://schemas.datacontract.org/2004/07/XmlRestService\" xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\"><Id>6</Id><StringValue>from client testing</StringValue></SampleItem>";   
string serviceBaseUrl = "http://localhost:2517/Service1";
string resourceUrl = "/Create";
string method="POST";             
UseHttpWebApproach<string>(serviceBaseUrl, resourceUrl, method, sample);

注意:只需确保您的网址正确无误

Answer 2

您是第一次运行 WCF 应用程序吗？

运行以下命令来注册 wcf。

"%WINDIR%\Microsoft.Net\Framework\v3.0\Windows Communication Foundation\ServiceModelReg.exe" -r