如何使用一系列日期填充表格？

Question

我需要一个MySQL表来保存2011-01-01和2011-12-31之间的所有日期.我创建了一个包含一个列名为"_date"的表,类型为DATE.

使用什么查询可以用所有期望的日期填充表格(而不必手动输入)？

Answer 1

试试这个:

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS filldates;
DELIMITER |
CREATE PROCEDURE filldates(dateStart DATE, dateEnd DATE)
BEGIN
  WHILE dateStart <= dateEnd DO
    INSERT INTO tablename (_date) VALUES (dateStart);
    SET dateStart = date_add(dateStart, INTERVAL 1 DAY);
  END WHILE;
END;
|
DELIMITER ;
CALL filldates('2011-01-01','2011-12-31');

这是使用它的SQL小提琴:http://sqlfiddle.com/#!2/65d13/1

按照Andrew Fox的要求编辑(检查日期是否已存在).

CREATE PROCEDURE filldates(dateStart DATE, dateEnd DATE)

BEGIN

DECLARE adate date;

    WHILE dateStart <= dateEnd DO

        SET adate = (SELECT mydate FROM MyDates WHERE mydate = dateStart);

        IF adate IS NULL THEN BEGIN

            INSERT INTO MyDates (mydate) VALUES (dateStart);

        END; END IF;

        SET dateStart = date_add(dateStart, INTERVAL 1 DAY);

    END WHILE;

END;//

这是使用它的SQL小提琴:http://sqlfiddle.com/#!2/66f86/1

Answer 2

我不希望我的SQL查询需要外部依赖(需要有一个日历表,用日期表填充临时表的程序等).这个查询的最初想法来自http://jeffgarretson.wordpress.com/2012/05/04 /生成一个日期范围的mysql /我稍微优化了清晰度和易用性.

SELECT (CURDATE() - INTERVAL c.number DAY) AS date
FROM (SELECT singles + tens + hundreds number FROM 
( SELECT 0 singles
UNION ALL SELECT   1 UNION ALL SELECT   2 UNION ALL SELECT   3
UNION ALL SELECT   4 UNION ALL SELECT   5 UNION ALL SELECT   6
UNION ALL SELECT   7 UNION ALL SELECT   8 UNION ALL SELECT   9
) singles JOIN 
(SELECT 0 tens
UNION ALL SELECT  10 UNION ALL SELECT  20 UNION ALL SELECT  30
UNION ALL SELECT  40 UNION ALL SELECT  50 UNION ALL SELECT  60
UNION ALL SELECT  70 UNION ALL SELECT  80 UNION ALL SELECT  90
) tens  JOIN 
(SELECT 0 hundreds
UNION ALL SELECT  100 UNION ALL SELECT  200 UNION ALL SELECT  300
UNION ALL SELECT  400 UNION ALL SELECT  500 UNION ALL SELECT  600
UNION ALL SELECT  700 UNION ALL SELECT  800 UNION ALL SELECT  900
) hundreds
ORDER BY number DESC) c  
WHERE c.number BETWEEN 0 and 364

优化和扩展此表以用于其他用途非常简单.如果您只需要一周的数据,您可以轻松摆脱数十和数百个表.

如果您需要更大的数字集,则可以轻松添加数千个表.您只需要复制并粘贴数百个表,并添加零到9个数字.

Answer 3

如果你在像我这样的情况下禁止程序,并且你的sql用户没有插入权限,那么插入不允许,但你想生成一个特定时期的日期列表,比如当前年份做一些聚合,使用它

select * from 
(select adddate('1970-01-01',t4*10000 + t3*1000 + t2*100 + t1*10 + t0) gen_date from
 (select 0 t0 union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t0,
 (select 0 t1 union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t1,
 (select 0 t2 union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t2,
 (select 0 t3 union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t3,
 (select 0 t4 union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) t4) v
where gen_date between '2017-01-01' and '2017-12-31'

Answer 4

我发现这个粘贴变种工作:

DROP PROCEDURE IF EXISTS FillCalendar;
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS calendar;
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS calendar(calendar_date DATE NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY);

DELIMITER $$
    CREATE PROCEDURE FillCalendar(start_date DATE, end_date DATE)
    BEGIN
    DECLARE crt_date DATE;
    SET crt_date = start_date;
    WHILE crt_date <= end_date DO
        INSERT IGNORE INTO calendar VALUES(crt_date);
        SET crt_date = ADDDATE(crt_date, INTERVAL 1 DAY);
    END WHILE;
    END$$
DELIMITER ;

CALL FillCalendar('2013-01-01', '2013-01-03');
CALL FillCalendar('2013-01-01', '2013-01-07');

Answer 5

我最近需要创建一个calendar_date如下表：

CREATE TABLE `calendar_date` (
    `date`    DATE NOT NULL      -- A calendar date.
    , `day`   SMALLINT NOT NULL  -- The day of the year for the date, 1-366.
    , `month` TINYINT NOT NULL   -- The month number, 1-12.
    , `year`  SMALLINT NOT NULL  -- The year.
    , PRIMARY KEY (`id`));

然后，我使用以下查询在January 1, 2001和之间December 31, 2100（包括两者）填充了所有可能的日期：

INSERT INTO `calendar_date` (`date`
    , `day`
    , `month`
    , `year`)
SELECT
    DATE
    , INCREMENT + 1
    , MONTH(DATE)
    , YEAR(DATE)
FROM
    -- Generate all possible dates for every year from 2001 to 2100.
    (SELECT
        DATE_ADD(CONCAT(YEAR, '-01-01'), INTERVAL INCREMENT DAY) DATE
        , INCREMENT
    FROM
        (SELECT
            (UNITS + TENS + HUNDREDS) INCREMENT
        FROM
            (SELECT 0 UNITS UNION
            SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2 UNION SELECT 3 UNION
            SELECT 4 UNION SELECT 5 UNION SELECT 6 UNION
            SELECT 7 UNION SELECT 8 UNION SELECT 9) UNITS
        CROSS JOIN
            (SELECT 0 TENS UNION
            SELECT 10 UNION SELECT 20 UNION SELECT 30 UNION
            SELECT 40 UNION SELECT 50 UNION SELECT 60 UNION
            SELECT 70 UNION SELECT 80 UNION SELECT 90) TENS
        CROSS JOIN
            (SELECT 0 HUNDREDS UNION
            SELECT 100 UNION SELECT 200 UNION SELECT 300 UNION
            SELECT 400 UNION SELECT 500 UNION SELECT 600 UNION
            SELECT 700 UNION SELECT 800 UNION SELECT 900) HUNDREDS
        ) INCREMENT
        -- For every year from 2001 to 2100, find the number of days in the year.
        , (SELECT
            YEAR
            , DAYOFYEAR(CONCAT(YEAR, '-12-31')) - DAYOFYEAR(CONCAT(YEAR, '-01-01')) + 1 DAYS
        FROM
            -- Generate years from 2001 to 2100.
            (SELECT
                (2000 + UNITS + TENS) YEAR
            FROM
                (SELECT 0 UNITS UNION
                SELECT 1 UNION SELECT 2 UNION SELECT 3 UNION
                SELECT 4 UNION SELECT 5 UNION SELECT 6 UNION
                SELECT 7 UNION SELECT 8 UNION SELECT 9) UNITS
            CROSS JOIN
                (SELECT 0 TENS UNION
                SELECT 10 UNION SELECT 20 UNION SELECT 30 UNION
                SELECT 40 UNION SELECT 50 UNION SELECT 60 UNION
                SELECT 70 UNION SELECT 80 UNION SELECT 90) TENS
            ) YEAR
        WHERE
            YEAR BETWEEN 2001 AND 2100
        ) YEAR
      WHERE
          INCREMENT BETWEEN 0 AND DAYS - 1
      ORDER BY
          YEAR
          , INCREMENT) DATE;

在我的本地 MySQL 数据库上，INSERT查询只用了几秒钟。希望这可以帮助某人。