测量PHP中两个坐标之间的距离

Question

嗨,我需要计算具有lat和long的两个点之间的距离.

我想避免任何外部API调用.

我尝试在PHP中实现Haversine公式:

这是代码:

class CoordDistance
 {
    public $lat_a = 0;
    public $lon_a = 0;
    public $lat_b = 0;
    public $lon_b = 0;

    public $measure_unit = 'kilometers';

    public $measure_state = false;

    public $measure = 0;

    public $error = '';



    public function DistAB()

      {
          $delta_lat = $this->lat_b - $this->lat_a ;
          $delta_lon = $this->lon_b - $this->lon_a ;

          $earth_radius = 6372.795477598;

          $alpha    = $delta_lat/2;
          $beta     = $delta_lon/2;
          $a        = sin(deg2rad($alpha)) * sin(deg2rad($alpha)) + cos(deg2rad($this->lat_a)) * cos(deg2rad($this->lat_b)) * sin(deg2rad($beta)) * sin(deg2rad($beta)) ;
          $c        = asin(min(1, sqrt($a)));
          $distance = 2*$earth_radius * $c;
          $distance = round($distance, 4);

          $this->measure = $distance;

      }
    }

使用一些具有公共距离的给定点进行测试我得不到可靠的结果.

我不明白原始公式或我的实现中是否有错误

Answer 1

不久前我写了一个关于hasrsine公式的例子,并在我的网站上发布:

/**
 * Calculates the great-circle distance between two points, with
 * the Haversine formula.
 * @param float $latitudeFrom Latitude of start point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $longitudeFrom Longitude of start point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $latitudeTo Latitude of target point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $longitudeTo Longitude of target point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $earthRadius Mean earth radius in [m]
 * @return float Distance between points in [m] (same as earthRadius)
 */
function haversineGreatCircleDistance(
  $latitudeFrom, $longitudeFrom, $latitudeTo, $longitudeTo, $earthRadius = 6371000)
{
  // convert from degrees to radians
  $latFrom = deg2rad($latitudeFrom);
  $lonFrom = deg2rad($longitudeFrom);
  $latTo = deg2rad($latitudeTo);
  $lonTo = deg2rad($longitudeTo);

  $latDelta = $latTo - $latFrom;
  $lonDelta = $lonTo - $lonFrom;

  $angle = 2 * asin(sqrt(pow(sin($latDelta / 2), 2) +
    cos($latFrom) * cos($latTo) * pow(sin($lonDelta / 2), 2)));
  return $angle * $earthRadius;
}

➽请注意,您使用参数传入的距离与传入的单位相同$earthRadius.默认值为6371000米,因此结果也将为[m].要以英里为单位获得结果,您可以通过3959英里,$earthRadius结果将是[mi].在我看来,如果没有特别的理由,坚持SI单位是一个好习惯.

编辑:

正如TreyA正确指出的那样,由于舍入误差(尽管它对于小距离是稳定的),因此Haversine公式具有对映点的弱点.要绕过它们,您可以使用Vincenty公式代替.

/**
 * Calculates the great-circle distance between two points, with
 * the Vincenty formula.
 * @param float $latitudeFrom Latitude of start point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $longitudeFrom Longitude of start point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $latitudeTo Latitude of target point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $longitudeTo Longitude of target point in [deg decimal]
 * @param float $earthRadius Mean earth radius in [m]
 * @return float Distance between points in [m] (same as earthRadius)
 */
public static function vincentyGreatCircleDistance(
  $latitudeFrom, $longitudeFrom, $latitudeTo, $longitudeTo, $earthRadius = 6371000)
{
  // convert from degrees to radians
  $latFrom = deg2rad($latitudeFrom);
  $lonFrom = deg2rad($longitudeFrom);
  $latTo = deg2rad($latitudeTo);
  $lonTo = deg2rad($longitudeTo);

  $lonDelta = $lonTo - $lonFrom;
  $a = pow(cos($latTo) * sin($lonDelta), 2) +
    pow(cos($latFrom) * sin($latTo) - sin($latFrom) * cos($latTo) * cos($lonDelta), 2);
  $b = sin($latFrom) * sin($latTo) + cos($latFrom) * cos($latTo) * cos($lonDelta);

  $angle = atan2(sqrt($a), $b);
  return $angle * $earthRadius;
}

Answer 2

我发现这个代码给了我可靠的结果.

function distance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2, $unit) {

  $theta = $lon1 - $lon2;
  $dist = sin(deg2rad($lat1)) * sin(deg2rad($lat2)) +  cos(deg2rad($lat1)) * cos(deg2rad($lat2)) * cos(deg2rad($theta));
  $dist = acos($dist);
  $dist = rad2deg($dist);
  $miles = $dist * 60 * 1.1515;
  $unit = strtoupper($unit);

  if ($unit == "K") {
      return ($miles * 1.609344);
  } else if ($unit == "N") {
      return ($miles * 0.8684);
  } else {
      return $miles;
  }
}

结果:

echo distance(32.9697, -96.80322, 29.46786, -98.53506, "M") . " Miles<br>";
echo distance(32.9697, -96.80322, 29.46786, -98.53506, "K") . " Kilometers<br>";
echo distance(32.9697, -96.80322, 29.46786, -98.53506, "N") . " Nautical Miles<br>";

Answer 3

这只是@martinstoeckli和@Janith Chinthana答案的补充.对于那些对哪种算法最快的好奇的人我写了性能测试.最佳性能结果显示了codexworld.com的优化功能:

/**
 * Optimized algorithm from http://www.codexworld.com
 *
 * @param float $latitudeFrom
 * @param float $longitudeFrom
 * @param float $latitudeTo
 * @param float $longitudeTo
 *
 * @return float [km]
 */
function codexworldGetDistanceOpt($latitudeFrom, $longitudeFrom, $latitudeTo, $longitudeTo)
{
    $rad = M_PI / 180;
    //Calculate distance from latitude and longitude
    $theta = $longitudeFrom - $longitudeTo;
    $dist = sin($latitudeFrom * $rad) 
        * sin($latitudeTo * $rad) +  cos($latitudeFrom * $rad)
        * cos($latitudeTo * $rad) * cos($theta * $rad);

    return acos($dist) / $rad * 60 *  1.853;
}

这是测试结果:

Test name       Repeats         Result          Performance     
codexworld-opt  10000           0.084952 sec    +0.00%
codexworld      10000           0.104127 sec    -22.57%
custom          10000           0.107419 sec    -26.45%
custom2         10000           0.111576 sec    -31.34%
custom1         10000           0.136691 sec    -60.90%
vincenty        10000           0.165881 sec    -95.26%

Answer 4

这里是用于计算两个纬度和经度之间距离的简单而完美的代码.从这里找到以下代码 - http://www.codexworld.com/distance-between-two-addresses-google-maps-api-php/

$latitudeFrom = '22.574864';
$longitudeFrom = '88.437915';

$latitudeTo = '22.568662';
$longitudeTo = '88.431918';

//Calculate distance from latitude and longitude
$theta = $longitudeFrom - $longitudeTo;
$dist = sin(deg2rad($latitudeFrom)) * sin(deg2rad($latitudeTo)) +  cos(deg2rad($latitudeFrom)) * cos(deg2rad($latitudeTo)) * cos(deg2rad($theta));
$dist = acos($dist);
$dist = rad2deg($dist);
$miles = $dist * 60 * 1.1515;

$distance = ($miles * 1.609344).' km';

Answer 5

对于那些喜欢更短更快的人(不叫做deg2rad()).

function circle_distance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2) {
  $rad = M_PI / 180;
  return acos(sin($lat2*$rad) * sin($lat1*$rad) + cos($lat2*$rad) * cos($lat1*$rad) * cos($lon2*$rad - $lon1*$rad)) * 6371;// Kilometers
}

Answer 6

很老的问题，但对于那些对返回与谷歌地图相同结果的 PHP 代码感兴趣的人来说，以下工作可以完成：

/**
 * Computes the distance between two coordinates.
 *
 * Implementation based on reverse engineering of
 * <code>google.maps.geometry.spherical.computeDistanceBetween()</code>.
 *
 * @param float $lat1 Latitude from the first point.
 * @param float $lng1 Longitude from the first point.
 * @param float $lat2 Latitude from the second point.
 * @param float $lng2 Longitude from the second point.
 * @param float $radius (optional) Radius in meters.
 *
 * @return float Distance in meters.
 */
function computeDistance($lat1, $lng1, $lat2, $lng2, $radius = 6378137)
{
    static $x = M_PI / 180;
    $lat1 *= $x; $lng1 *= $x;
    $lat2 *= $x; $lng2 *= $x;
    $distance = 2 * asin(sqrt(pow(sin(($lat1 - $lat2) / 2), 2) + cos($lat1) * cos($lat2) * pow(sin(($lng1 - $lng2) / 2), 2)));

    return $distance * $radius;
}

我已经用各种坐标进行了测试，效果很好。

我认为它也应该比一些替代品更快。但没有测试过。

提示：谷歌地图使用 6378137 作为地球半径。因此，将它与其他算法一起使用也可能有效。