在NSView - Cocoa中以编程方式创建NSScrollView

Question

我有一个NSView类,它负责在nib文件中创建的自定义视图.

现在我想将NSScrollView添加到自定义视图,但我需要以编程方式进行,而不是使用Interface Builder(嵌入滚动视图).

我找到了这段代码:

NSView *windowContentView = [mainWindow contentView];
NSRect windowContentBounds = [windowContentView bounds];
scrollView = [[NSScrollView alloc] init];
[scrollView setBorderType:NSNoBorder];
[scrollView setHasVerticalScroller:YES];
[scrollView setBounds: windowContentBounds];
[windowContentView addSubview:scrollView];

假设我将上面的变量'mainWindow'和'scrollView'声明为IBOutlets,我将如何将它们连接到Interface Builder中的适当组件？这样做是否有意义？

或者是否有更好的方法以编程方式添加滚动视图？

PS我无法以通常的方式连接它们因为我无法从Interface Builder创建NSObject对象,或者使用文件所有者.

Answer 1

我有一个艰难的创造NSScrollView与AutoLayout编程,但最后得到了它的工作.这是Swift版本.

    // Initial scrollview
    let scrollView = NSScrollView()
    scrollView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    scrollView.borderType = .noBorder
    scrollView.backgroundColor = NSColor.gray
    scrollView.hasVerticalScroller = true

    window.contentView?.addSubview(scrollView)
    window.contentView?.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "H:|[scrollView]|", options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["scrollView": scrollView]))
    window.contentView?.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "V:|[scrollView]|", options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["scrollView": scrollView]))

    // Initial clip view
    let clipView = NSClipView()
    clipView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    scrollView.contentView = clipView
    scrollView.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: clipView, attribute: .left, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: scrollView, attribute: .left, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0))
    scrollView.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: clipView, attribute: .top, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: scrollView, attribute: .top, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0))
    scrollView.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: clipView, attribute: .right, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: scrollView, attribute: .right, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0))
    scrollView.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: clipView, attribute: .bottom, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: scrollView, attribute: .bottom, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0))

    // Initial document view
    let documentView = NSView()
    documentView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    scrollView.documentView = documentView
    clipView.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: clipView, attribute: .left, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: documentView, attribute: .left, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0))
    clipView.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: clipView, attribute: .top, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: documentView, attribute: .top, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0))
    clipView.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: clipView, attribute: .right, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: documentView, attribute: .right, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0))

    // Subview1
    let view1 = NSView()
    view1.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    view1.wantsLayer = true
    view1.layer?.backgroundColor = NSColor.red.cgColor
    documentView.addSubview(view1)
    documentView.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "H:|[view1]|", options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["view1": view1]))

    // Subview2
    let view2 = NSView()
    view2.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    view2.wantsLayer = true
    view2.layer?.backgroundColor = NSColor.green.cgColor
    documentView.addSubview(view2)
    documentView.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "H:|[view2]|", options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["view2": view2]))

    // Subview3
    let view3 = NSView()
    view3.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    view3.wantsLayer = true
    view3.layer?.backgroundColor = NSColor.blue.cgColor
    documentView.addSubview(view3)
    documentView.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "H:|[view3]|", options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["view3": view3]))

    // Vertical autolayout
    documentView.addConstraints(NSLayoutConstraint.constraints(withVisualFormat: "V:|[view1(==100)][view2(==200)][view3(==300)]", options: [], metrics: nil, views: ["view1": view1, "view2": view2, "view3": view3]))
    documentView.addConstraint(NSLayoutConstraint(item: documentView, attribute: .bottom, relatedBy: .equal, toItem: view3, attribute: .bottom, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0))

Answer 2

此代码片段应演示如何以编程方式创建NSScrollView并使用它来显示任何视图,无论是来自nib还是来自代码.对于nib生成的视图,您只需要先将nib文件加载到自定义视图中,然后将自定义视图(outletToCustomViewLoadedFromNib)的插座添加到File的所有者.

NSScrollView *scrollView = [[NSScrollView alloc] initWithFrame:[[mainWindow contentView] frame]];

// configure the scroll view
[scrollView setBorderType:NSNoBorder];
[scrollView setHasVerticalScroller:YES];

// embed your custom view in the scroll view
[scrollView setDocumentView:outletToCustomViewLoadedFromNib];

// set the scroll view as the content view of your window
[mainWindow setContentView:scrollView];

Apple有一个关于这个主题的指南,我不会链接到它,因为它需要Apple Developer Connection访问并且它们的链接经常断开.它的标题是"创建和配置滚动视图",目前可以通过使用Google搜索其标题找到它.

Answer 3

布赖恩的回答是正确的，这里是如何在 Swift 4.2 中创建NSStackViewinsideNSScrollView

见https://github.com/onmyway133/blog/issues/173

你可能需要翻转 NSClipView

final class FlippedClipView: NSClipView {
  override var isFlipped: Bool {
    return true
  }
}


private func setup() {
  setupScrollView()
  setupStackView()
}

private func setupScrollView() {
  view.addSubview(scrollView)
  scrollView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
  scrollView.hasVerticalScroller = true
  scrollView.drawsBackground = false

  NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
    scrollView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.leftAnchor),
    scrollView.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.rightAnchor),
    scrollView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.topAnchor),
    scrollView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.bottomAnchor, constant: -30),

    scrollView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 400)
  ])

  let clipView = FlippedClipView()
  clipView.drawsBackground = false
  scrollView.contentView = clipView
  clipView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
  NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
    clipView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.leftAnchor),
    clipView.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.rightAnchor),
    clipView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.topAnchor),
    clipView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.bottomAnchor)
  ]
  scrollView.documentView = stackView

  stackView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
  NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
    stackView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: clipView.leftAnchor),
    stackView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: clipView.topAnchor),
    stackView.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: clipView.rightAnchor),
    // NOTE: No need for bottomAnchor
  ])
}

private func setupStackView() {
  stackView.orientation = .vertical
  stackView.edgeInsets = NSEdgeInsets(top: 16, left: 16, bottom: 16, right: 16)

  NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
    myRowView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 40)
  ])

  myRowView.onPress = { [weak self] in
    self?.doSomething()
  }

  stackView.addArrangedSubview(myRowView)
}