如何截取屏幕截图并将其保存为Windows上的JPEG？

Question

我试图找到一种(有点)简单的方法来在窗口上截取屏幕截图并将生成的HBITMAP保存为JPEG.这里棘手的部分是,因为代码在CI中不能使用GDI +,并且由于代码是更大程序的模块,我不能使用外部库(如libjpeg).

此代码截取屏幕截图并返回HBITMAP.将该位图保存到文件中很容易.问题是位图是2或3mb.

HDC hDCMem = CreateCompatibleDC(NULL);
HBITMAP hBmp;
RECT rect;
HDC hDC;
HGDIOBJ hOld;    

GetWindowRect(hWnd, & rect);

hBmp = NULL;

{
    hDC = GetDC(hWnd);
    hBmp = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hDC, rect.right - rect.left, rect.bottom - rect.top);
    ReleaseDC(hWnd, hDC);
}

hOld = SelectObject(hDCMem, hBmp);
SendMessage(hWnd, WM_PRINT, (WPARAM) hDCMem, PRF_CHILDREN | PRF_CLIENT | PRF_ERASEBKGND | PRF_NONCLIENT | PRF_OWNED);

SelectObject(hDCMem, hOld);
DeleteObject(hDCMem);

return hBmp;

关于如何做到这一点的任何想法？非常感谢,任何帮助表示赞赏

编辑:因为我们走向GDI +的方向我想我会发布代码iv C++,可以截取屏幕截图并使用GDI +将其转换为JPEG.如果有人知道如何使用FLAT GDI +实现这一目标我会很感激帮助.码:

    #include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <gdiplus.h>

using namespace Gdiplus;


int GetEncoderClsid(WCHAR *format, CLSID *pClsid)
{
    unsigned int num = 0,  size = 0;
    GetImageEncodersSize(&num, &size);
    if(size == 0) return -1;
    ImageCodecInfo *pImageCodecInfo = (ImageCodecInfo *)(malloc(size));
    if(pImageCodecInfo == NULL) return -1;
    GetImageEncoders(num, size, pImageCodecInfo);
    for(unsigned int j = 0; j < num; ++j)
    {
        if(wcscmp(pImageCodecInfo[j].MimeType, format) == 0){
            *pClsid = pImageCodecInfo[j].Clsid;
            free(pImageCodecInfo);
            return j;
        }    
    }
    free(pImageCodecInfo);
    return -1;
}

int GetScreeny(LPWSTR lpszFilename, ULONG uQuality) // by Napalm
{
    ULONG_PTR gdiplusToken;
    GdiplusStartupInput gdiplusStartupInput;
    GdiplusStartup(&gdiplusToken, &gdiplusStartupInput, NULL);
    HWND hMyWnd = GetForegroundWindow(); // get my own window
    RECT  r;                             // the area we are going to capture 
    int w, h;                            // the width and height of the area
    HDC dc;                              // the container for the area
    int nBPP;
    HDC hdcCapture;
    LPBYTE lpCapture;
    int nCapture;
    int iRes;
    CLSID imageCLSID;
    Bitmap *pScreenShot;
    HGLOBAL hMem;
    int result;

    // get the area of my application's window  
    //GetClientRect(hMyWnd, &r);
    GetWindowRect(hMyWnd, &r);
    dc = GetWindowDC(hMyWnd);//   GetDC(hMyWnd) ;
    w = r.right - r.left;
    h = r.bottom - r.top;
    nBPP = GetDeviceCaps(dc, BITSPIXEL);
    hdcCapture = CreateCompatibleDC(dc);


    // create the buffer for the screenshot
    BITMAPINFO bmiCapture = {
          sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), w, -h, 1, nBPP, BI_RGB, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
    };

    // create a container and take the screenshot
    HBITMAP hbmCapture = CreateDIBSection(dc, &bmiCapture,
        DIB_PAL_COLORS, (LPVOID *)&lpCapture, NULL, 0);

    // failed to take it
    if(!hbmCapture)
    {
        DeleteDC(hdcCapture);
        DeleteDC(dc);
        GdiplusShutdown(gdiplusToken);
        printf("failed to take the screenshot. err: %d\n", GetLastError());
        return 0;
    }

    // copy the screenshot buffer
    nCapture = SaveDC(hdcCapture);
    SelectObject(hdcCapture, hbmCapture);
    BitBlt(hdcCapture, 0, 0, w, h, dc, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
    RestoreDC(hdcCapture, nCapture);
    DeleteDC(hdcCapture);
    DeleteDC(dc);

    // save the buffer to a file    
    pScreenShot = new Bitmap(hbmCapture, (HPALETTE)NULL);
    EncoderParameters encoderParams;
    encoderParams.Count = 1;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].NumberOfValues = 1;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].Guid  = EncoderQuality;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].Type  = EncoderParameterValueTypeLong;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].Value = &uQuality;
    GetEncoderClsid(L"image/jpeg", &imageCLSID);
    iRes = (pScreenShot->Save(lpszFilename, &imageCLSID, &encoderParams) == Ok);
    delete pScreenShot;
    DeleteObject(hbmCapture);
    GdiplusShutdown(gdiplusToken);
    return iRes;

}

Answer 1

好的,经过大量的努力,这里的答案是:

int SaveJpeg(HBITMAP hBmp, LPCWSTR lpszFilename, ULONG uQuality)
{
    ULONG *pBitmap = NULL;
    CLSID imageCLSID;
    EncoderParameters encoderParams;
    int iRes = 0;

    typedef Status (WINAPI *pGdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP)(HBITMAP, HPALETTE, ULONG**);
    pGdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP lGdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP;

    typedef Status (WINAPI *pGdipSaveImageToFile)(ULONG *, const WCHAR*, const CLSID*, const EncoderParameters*);
    pGdipSaveImageToFile lGdipSaveImageToFile;

    // load GdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP
    lGdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP = (pGdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP)GetProcAddress(hModuleThread, "GdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP");
    if(lGdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP == NULL)
    {
        // error
        return 0;
    }

    // load GdipSaveImageToFile
    lGdipSaveImageToFile = (pGdipSaveImageToFile)GetProcAddress(hModuleThread, "GdipSaveImageToFile");
    if(lGdipSaveImageToFile == NULL)
    {
        // error
        return 0;
    }

        lGdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP(hBmp, NULL, &pBitmap);

       iRes = GetEncoderClsid(L"image/jpeg", &imageCLSID);
       if(iRes == -1)
    {
        // error
        return 0;
    }
    encoderParams.Count = 1;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].NumberOfValues = 1;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].Guid  = EncoderQuality;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].Type  = EncoderParameterValueTypeLong;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].Value = &uQuality;

    lGdipSaveImageToFile(pBitmap, lpszFilename, &imageCLSID, &encoderParams);


    return 1;
}

• 什么是hModuleThread？看看在这里.你可以替换GetModuleHandle()

• 什么是GetEncoderClsid？你看这里.

现在的问题是,如何将编码的pBitmap(作为jpeg)保存到BYTE缓冲区？

Answer 2

转换为扁平的GDI + API非常简单:

void SaveJpeg(HBITMAP hBmp, LPCWSTR lpszFilename, ULONG uQuality)
{
    GpBitmap* pBitmap;
    GdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP(hBmp, NULL, &pBitmap);

    CLSID imageCLSID;
    GetEncoderClsid(L"image/jpeg", &imageCLSID);

    EncoderParameters encoderParams;
    encoderParams.Count = 1;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].NumberOfValues = 1;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].Guid  = EncoderQuality;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].Type  = EncoderParameterValueTypeLong;
    encoderParams.Parameter[0].Value = &uQuality;

    GdipSaveImageToFile(pBitmap, lpszFilename, &imageCLSID, &encoderParams);
}

一件不明显的事情是清理由GdipCreateBitmapFromHBITMAP()创建的GpBitmap.Gdiplus :: Bitmap类似乎没有析构函数,因此对它的内部GpBitmap没有任何作用.此外,没有GdipDeleteBitmap(),就像其他GDI +对象一样.因此,我不清楚需要做些什么来避免泄漏.

编辑: 此代码未解决Microsoft提供的GDI +头文件在C++命名空间中声明所有必需功能的事实.一种解决方案是将必要的声明(并根据需要转换为C代码)复制到您自己的标头中.另一种可能性是使用Wine或Mono项目提供的头文件.它们似乎在编译时表现得更好,就像C代码一样.