在Python中创建一系列日期

Question

我想创建一个日期列表,从今天开始,然后返回任意天数,例如,在我的例子中100天.有没有比这更好的方法呢？

import datetime

a = datetime.datetime.today()
numdays = 100
dateList = []
for x in range (0, numdays):
    dateList.append(a - datetime.timedelta(days = x))
print dateList

Answer 1

边缘更好......

base = datetime.datetime.today()
date_list = [base - datetime.timedelta(days=x) for x in range(numdays)]

Answer 2

Pandas 非常适合时间序列,并且直接支持日期范围.

例如pd.date_range():

import pandas as pd
datelist = pd.date_range(pd.datetime.today(), periods=100).tolist()

它还有很多选项可以让生活更轻松.例如,如果你只想要工作日,你只需要交换bdate_range.

见http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/timeseries.html#generating-ranges-of-timestamps

此外,它完全支持pytz时区,可以顺利跨越春/秋季DST班次.

Answer 3

获取指定开始日期和结束日期之间的日期范围(针对时间和空间复杂度进行了优化):

import datetime

start = datetime.datetime.strptime("21-06-2014", "%d-%m-%Y")
end = datetime.datetime.strptime("07-07-2014", "%d-%m-%Y")
date_generated = [start + datetime.timedelta(days=x) for x in range(0, (end-start).days)]

for date in date_generated:
    print date.strftime("%d-%m-%Y")

Answer 4

您可以编写一个从今天开始返回日期对象的生成器函数:

import datetime

def date_generator():
  from_date = datetime.datetime.today()
  while True:
    yield from_date
    from_date = from_date - datetime.timedelta(days=1)

此生成器从今天开始返回日期,一次向后返回一天.以下是前3个日期:

>>> import itertools
>>> dates = itertools.islice(date_generator(), 3)
>>> list(dates)
[datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 14, 19, 12, 21, 703890), datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 13, 19, 12, 21, 703890), datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 12, 19, 12, 21, 703890)]

这种方法优于循环或列表理解的优点是您可以根据需要返回多次.

编辑

使用生成器表达式而不是函数的更紧凑的版本:

date_generator = (datetime.datetime.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=i) for i in itertools.count())

用法:

>>> dates = itertools.islice(date_generator, 3)
>>> list(dates)
[datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 15, 1, 32, 37, 286765), datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 14, 1, 32, 37, 286836), datetime.datetime(2009, 6, 13, 1, 32, 37, 286859)]

Answer 5

您还可以使用day ordinal使其更简单:

def date_range(start_date, end_date):
    for ordinal in range(start_date.toordinal(), end_date.toordinal()):
        yield datetime.date.fromordinal(ordinal)

或者按照评论中的建议,您可以创建如下列表:

date_range = [
    datetime.date.fromordinal(ordinal) 
    for ordinal in range(
        start_date.toordinal(),
        end_date.toordinal(),
    )
]

Answer 6

是的,重新发明轮子....只是搜索论坛,你会得到这样的东西:

from dateutil import rrule
from datetime import datetime

list(rrule.rrule(rrule.DAILY,count=100,dtstart=datetime.now()))

Answer 7

从这个问题的标题我希望找到类似的东西range(),这将让我指定两个日期并创建一个列表,其中包含所有日期.这样,如果事先不知道,那么就不需要计算这两个日期之间的天数.

因此,由于存在略微偏离主题的风险,这个单线工作完成了这项工作:

import datetime
start_date = datetime.date(2011, 01, 01)
end_date   = datetime.date(2014, 01, 01)

dates_2011_2013 = [ start_date + datetime.timedelta(n) for n in range(int ((end_date - start_date).days))]

这个答案的所有功劳!

Answer 8

这里有一个稍微不同的答案美国洛特的回答，让两个日期之间的日期列表的建设关start和end。在下面的示例中，从2017年初到今天。

start = datetime.datetime(2017,1,1)
end = datetime.datetime.today()
daterange = [start + datetime.timedelta(days=x) for x in range(0, (end-start).days)]

Answer 9

我知道有点迟到的答案,但我遇到了同样的问题,并且认为Python的内部范围函数在这方面有点缺乏,所以我在我的util模块中重写了它.

from __builtin__ import range as _range
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

def range(*args):
    if len(args) != 3:
        return _range(*args)
    start, stop, step = args
    if start < stop:
        cmp = lambda a, b: a < b
        inc = lambda a: a + step
    else:
        cmp = lambda a, b: a > b
        inc = lambda a: a - step
    output = [start]
    while cmp(start, stop):
        start = inc(start)
        output.append(start)

    return output

print range(datetime(2011, 5, 1), datetime(2011, 10, 1), timedelta(days=30))

Answer 10

如果有两个日期，并且您需要范围，请尝试

from dateutil import rrule, parser
date1 = '1995-01-01'
date2 = '1995-02-28'
datesx = list(rrule.rrule(rrule.DAILY, dtstart=parser.parse(date1), until=parser.parse(date2)))

Answer 11

这是我创建的要点,从我自己的代码,这可能会有所帮助.(我知道这个问题太旧了,但其他人可以使用它)

https://gist.github.com/2287345

(下同)

import datetime
from time import mktime

def convert_date_to_datetime(date_object):
    date_tuple = date_object.timetuple()
    date_timestamp = mktime(date_tuple)
    return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(date_timestamp)

def date_range(how_many=7):
    for x in range(0, how_many):
        some_date = datetime.datetime.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=x)
        some_datetime = convert_date_to_datetime(some_date.date())
        yield some_datetime

def pick_two_dates(how_many=7):
    a = b = convert_date_to_datetime(datetime.datetime.now().date())
    for each_date in date_range(how_many):
        b = a
        a = each_date
        if a == b:
            continue
        yield b, a

Answer 12

根据我为自己写的答案：

import datetime;
print [(datetime.date.today() - datetime.timedelta(days=x)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d') for x in range(-5, 0)]

输出：

['2017-12-11', '2017-12-10', '2017-12-09', '2017-12-08', '2017-12-07']

区别在于我得到的是' date'对象，而不是' datetime.datetime'一个对象。

Answer 13

一种通用方法，允许根据参数化窗口大小（日、分钟、小时、秒）创建日期范围：

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

def create_date_ranges(start, end, **interval):
    start_ = start
    while start_ < end:
        end_ = start_ + timedelta(**interval)
        yield (start_, min(end_, end))
        start_ = end_

测试：

def main():
    tests = [
        ('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-17:13:00:00', {'days': 1}),
        ('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-16:13:00:00', {'hours': 12}),
        ('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:01:45:00', {'minutes': 30}),
        ('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:00:01:12', {'seconds': 30})
    ]
    for t in tests:
        print("\nInterval: %s, range(%s to %s)" % (t[2], t[0], t[1]))
        start = datetime.strptime(t[0], '%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S')
        end =  datetime.strptime(t[1], '%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S')
        ranges = list(create_date_ranges(start, end, **t[2]))        
        x = list(map(
            lambda x: (x[0].strftime('%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S'), x[1].strftime('%Y-%m-%d:%H:%M:%S')),
            ranges
        ))
        print(x)
main()

测试输出：

Interval: {'days': 1}, range(2021-11-15:00:00:00 to 2021-11-17:13:00:00)
[('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-16:00:00:00'), ('2021-11-16:00:00:00', '2021-11-17:00:00:00'), ('2021-11-17:00:00:00', '2021-11-17:13:00:00')]

Interval: {'hours': 12}, range(2021-11-15:00:00:00 to 2021-11-16:13:00:00)
[('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:12:00:00'), ('2021-11-15:12:00:00', '2021-11-16:00:00:00'), ('2021-11-16:00:00:00', '2021-11-16:12:00:00'), ('2021-11-16:12:00:00', '2021-11-16:13:00:00')]

Interval: {'minutes': 30}, range(2021-11-15:00:00:00 to 2021-11-15:01:45:00)
[('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:00:30:00'), ('2021-11-15:00:30:00', '2021-11-15:01:00:00'), ('2021-11-15:01:00:00', '2021-11-15:01:30:00'), ('2021-11-15:01:30:00', '2021-11-15:01:45:00')]

Interval: {'seconds': 30}, range(2021-11-15:00:00:00 to 2021-11-15:00:01:12)
[('2021-11-15:00:00:00', '2021-11-15:00:00:30'), ('2021-11-15:00:00:30', '2021-11-15:00:01:00'), ('2021-11-15:00:01:00', '2021-11-15:00:01:12')]