Ruby中的DRY'er对象初始化

Question

是否有更"干"的方式在ruby中执行以下操作？

#!/usr/bin/env ruby

class Volume
    attr_accessor :name, :size, :type, :owner, :date_created, :date_modified, :iscsi_target, :iscsi_portal

    SYSTEM = 0
    DATA = 1

    def initialize(args={:type => SYSTEM})
      @name = args[:name]
      @size = args[:size]
      @type = args[:type]
      @owner = args[:owner]
      @iscsi_target = args[:iscsi_target]
      @iscsi_portal = args[:iscsi_portal]
    end

    def inspect
      return {:name => @name,
              :size => @size,
              :type => @type,
              :owner => @owner,
              :date_created => @date_created,
              :date_modified => @date_modified,
              :iscsi_target => @iscsi_target,
              :iscsi_portal => @iscsi_portal }
    end

    def to_json
      self.inspect.to_json
    end

结束

Answer 1

每当你看到很多类似的东西时,通常你可以把它全部卷成一个奇异的数组:

class Volume
  ATTRIBUTES = [
    :name, :size, :type, :owner, :date_created, :date_modified,
    :iscsi_target, :iscsi_portal
  ].freeze

  ATTRIBUTES.each do |attr|
    attr_accessor attr
  end

  SYSTEM = 0
  DATA = 1

  DEFAULTS = {
    :type => SYSTEM
  }.freeze

  def initialize(args = nil)
    # EDIT
    # args = args ? DEFAULTS : DEFAULTS.merge(args) # Original
    args = args ? DEFAULTS.merge(args) : DEFAULTS

    ATTRIBUTES.each do |attr|
      if (args.key?(attr))
        instance_variable_set("@#{attr}", args[attr])
      end
    end
  end

  def inspect
    ATTRIBUTES.inject({ }) do |h, attr|
      h[attr] = instance_variable_get("@#{attr}")
      h
    end
  end

  def to_json
    self.inspect.to_json
  end
end

之后操作实例变量非常简单.

Answer 2

 class Volume

  FIELDS = %w( name size type owner iscsi_target iscsi_portal date_create date_modified)
  SYSTEM = 0
  DATA = 1
  attr_accessor *FIELDS

  def initialize( args= { :type => SYSTEM } )
    args.each_pair do | key, value |
      self.send("#{key}=", value) if self.respond_to?("#{key}=")
    end
  end

  def inspect
    FIELDS.inject({}) do | hash, field |
      hash.merge( field.to_sym => self.send(field) )
    end.inspect
  end

 end