从python与bash交互

Question

我一直在玩Python的subprocess模块,我想用python的bash做一个"交互式会话".我希望能够像在终端仿真器上一样从Python读取bash输出/写入命令.我猜一个代码示例更好地解释了它:

>>> proc = subprocess.Popen(['/bin/bash'])
>>> proc.communicate()
('user@machine:~/','')
>>> proc.communicate('ls\n')
('file1 file2 file3','')

(显然,它不会那样工作.)这样的事情是可能的,怎么样？

非常感谢

Answer 1

试试这个例子:

import subprocess

proc = subprocess.Popen(['/bin/bash'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
stdout = proc.communicate('ls -lash')

print stdout

你必须阅读更多关于stdin,stdout和stderr的信息.这看起来很好的讲座:http://www.doughellmann.com/PyMOTW/subprocess/

编辑:

另一个例子:

>>> process = subprocess.Popen(['/bin/bash'], shell=False, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
>>> process.stdin.write('echo it works!\n')
>>> process.stdout.readline()
'it works!\n'
>>> process.stdin.write('date\n')
>>> process.stdout.readline()
'wto, 13 mar 2012, 17:25:35 CET\n'
>>> 

Answer 2

这应该是你想要的

    import subprocess
    import threading
    
    p = subprocess.Popen(["bash"], stderr=subprocess.PIPE,shell=False, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
    exit = False
    
    def read_stdout():
        while not exit:
            msg = p.stdout.readline()
            print("stdout: ", msg.decode())
    def read_stderro():
        while not exit:
            msg = p.stderr.readline()
            print("stderr: ", msg.decode())
    
    threading.Thread(target=read_stdout).start()
    threading.Thread(target=read_stderro).start()
    
    while not exit:
        res = input(">")
        p.stdin.write((res + '\n').encode())
        p.stdin.flush()

测试结果：

>ls
>stdout:  1.py

stdout:  2.py

ssss
>stderr:  bash: line 2: ssss: command not found