Ruby on Rails - 运行黄瓜时出错:您已经激活了activesupport 3.2.1,但您的Gemfile需要activesupport 3.1.0.

Question

我知道这个问题之前已经以一种形式或另一种形式提出过,但我仍然无法为此找到有效的解决方案.

我正在网上提供saas课程,代码直接从https://github.com/saasbook/hw3_rottenpotatoes克隆

当我从命令提示符运行黄瓜时

Using the default profile...
You have already activated activesupport 3.2.1, but your Gemfile requires activesupport 3.1.0. Using bundle exec may solve this. (Gem::LoadError)
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:31:in `block in setup'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler/runtime.rb:17:in `setup'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler.rb:110:in `setup'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler/setup.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:59:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:59:in `rescue in require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:35:in `require'
/Users/chemin/rails_projects/saas/hw3_rottenpotatoes/config/boot.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/rails_projects/saas/hw3_rottenpotatoes/config/application.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/rails_projects/saas/hw3_rottenpotatoes/config/environment.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-rails-1.3.0/lib/cucumber/rails.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:59:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:59:in `rescue in require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:35:in `require'
/Users/chemin/rails_projects/saas/hw3_rottenpotatoes/features/support/env.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:129:in `load'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:129:in `load_code_file'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:171:in `load_file'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:83:in `block in load_files!'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `each'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `load_files!'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:175:in `load_step_definitions'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:40:in `run!'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:43:in `execute!'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:20:in `execute'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/bin/cucumber:14:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/bin/cucumber:19:in `load'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/bin/cucumber:19:in `<main>'

运行捆绑安装版本后,我得到一个更加丑陋的消息

Could not find rack-cache (~> 1.1) amongst [actionmailer-3.1.0, actionpack-3.1.0, activemodel-3.1.0, activerecord-3.1.0, activeresource-3.1.0, activesupport-3.1.0, addressable-2.2.7, archive-tar-minitar-0.5.2, arel-2.2.1, bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1, builder-3.0.0, capybara-1.1.2, childprocess-0.3.1, coffee-rails-3.1.1, coffee-script-2.2.0, coffee-script-source-1.2.0, columnize-0.3.6, cucumber-1.1.8, cucumber-rails-1.3.0, cucumber-rails-training-wheels-1.0.0, database_cleaner-0.7.1, diff-lcs-1.1.3, erubis-2.7.0, execjs-1.3.0, ffi-1.0.11, gherkin-2.8.0, haml-3.1.4, hike-1.2.1, i18n-0.6.0, jquery-rails-1.0.19, json-1.6.5, json_pure-1.6.5, launchy-2.0.5, libv8-3.3.10.4-x86_64-darwin-10, linecache19-0.5.12, mail-2.3.0, mime-types-1.17.2, multi_json-1.1.0, nokogiri-1.5.0, polyglot-0.3.3, rack-1.3.6, rack-cache-1.0.3, rack-mount-0.8.3, rack-ssl-1.3.2, rack-test-0.6.1, rails-3.1.0, railties-3.1.0, rake-0.9.2.2, rdoc-3.12, ruby-debug-base19-0.11.25, ruby-debug19-0.11.6, ruby_core_source-0.1.5, rubyzip-0.9.6.1, sass-3.1.15, sass-rails-3.1.5, selenium-webdriver-2.13.0, sprockets-2.0.3, sqlite3-1.3.5, term-ansicolor-1.0.7, therubyracer-0.9.10, thor-0.14.6, tilt-1.3.3, treetop-1.4.10, tzinfo-0.3.31, uglifier-1.2.3, xpath-0.1.4] (Gem::LoadError)
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:247:in `to_specs'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/specification.rb:451:in `block in find_in_unresolved'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/specification.rb:451:in `map'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/specification.rb:451:in `find_in_unresolved'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:43:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler/dsl.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler/definition.rb:17:in `build'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler.rb:138:in `definition'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler.rb:126:in `load'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler.rb:110:in `setup'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/bundler-1.0.21/lib/bundler/setup.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:59:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:59:in `rescue in require' 
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:35:in `require'
/Users/chemin/rails_projects/saas/hw3_rottenpotatoes/config/boot.rb:6:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/rails_projects/saas/hw3_rottenpotatoes/config/application.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/rails_projects/saas/hw3_rottenpotatoes/config/environment.rb:2:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:55:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-rails-1.3.0/lib/cucumber/rails.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:59:in `require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:59:in `rescue in require'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p290/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:35:in `require'
/Users/chemin/rails_projects/saas/hw3_rottenpotatoes/features/support/env.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:129:in `load'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/rb_support/rb_language.rb:129:in `load_code_file'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:171:in `load_file'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:83:in `block in load_files!'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `each'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime/support_code.rb:82:in `load_files!'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:175:in `load_step_definitions'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/runtime.rb:40:in `run!'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:43:in `execute!'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/lib/cucumber/cli/main.rb:20:in `execute'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/gems/cucumber-1.1.9/bin/cucumber:14:in `<top (required)>'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/bin/cucumber:19:in `load'
/Users/chemin/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial/bin/cucumber:19:in `<main>'

Answer 1

有几个解决方案,其中最简单的方法是首先尝试运行bundle exec cucumber,看看是否能解决您的问题.

如果这不起作用,请删除rails3tutorial gemset并重新创建它:

rvm gemset delete rails3tutorial
rvm 1.9.2-p290@rails3tutorial --create

然后跑bundle,希望它会为你安装你的宝石.跟着这个bundle exec cucumber (我几乎总是运行我的规格和cukes使用,bundle exec以便它不会尝试意外加载过时的宝石).

希望这有效!

更新:解释bundle exec一下

bundle exec是捆绑器附带的命令,它将在您的Gemfile上下文中运行任何其他命令.在这种情况下,您实际上是在告诉它运行cucumber命令,但只能使用Gemfile中的gem,而不是当前可用的所有gem.

例如,如果您以前安装过activesupport 3.2.1,并且您的Gemfile要求activesupport 3.1.0.当发生这种情况时,我相信黄瓜命令本身会拉入'activesupport'(可能是通过require 'cucumber/rails'env.rb中的调用),它可以从你可用的宝石中获取它可以的任何随机版本的activesupport(比如说它抓住了3.2.1).在此之后,它决定加载rails环境以开始运行您的功能.当它开始加载您的实际应用程序时,代码会查看您的Gemfile.lock并看到您真正想要的是activesupport 3.1.0,但它无法在新版本之上加载旧版本,因此它会因错误James Lin粘贴而崩溃.

这就是为什么,如果你使用rvm,为你的单独项目保留单独的gemsets是个好主意,如果你在那个项目上更新你的宝石,那么删除/重新创建gemsets,这样你就不会保留旧版本周围的宝石.或者,也bundle exec倾向于解决99%的问题.如果你没有使用rvm,并且有多个项目,那么你可能有很多不同版本的许多不同的宝石,你应该总是bundle exec用来执行诸如执行rake任务,运行cucumer功能和其他单元测试等等.