获取远程主机的IP地址

Question

在ASP.NET中有一个System.Web.HttpRequest类,它包含ServerVariables可以从REMOTE_ADDR属性值为我们提供IP地址的属性.

但是,我找不到类似的方法从ASP.NET Web API获取远程主机的IP地址.

如何获取发出请求的远程主机的IP地址？

Answer 1

可以这样做,但不是很容易被发现 - 您需要使用传入请求中的属性包,并且您需要访问的属性取决于您是在IIS(webhosted)下使用Web API还是自托管.下面的代码显示了如何做到这一点.

private string GetClientIp(HttpRequestMessage request)
{
    if (request.Properties.ContainsKey("MS_HttpContext"))
    {
        return ((HttpContextWrapper)request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"]).Request.UserHostAddress;
    }

    if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(RemoteEndpointMessageProperty.Name))
    {
        RemoteEndpointMessageProperty prop;
        prop = (RemoteEndpointMessageProperty)request.Properties[RemoteEndpointMessageProperty.Name];
        return prop.Address;
    }

    return null;
}

Answer 2

此解决方案还涵盖使用Owin自托管的Web API.部分来自这里.

您可以在自己ApiController中创建一个私有方法,无论您如何托管Web API,它都将返回远程IP地址:

 private const string HttpContext = "MS_HttpContext";
 private const string RemoteEndpointMessage =
     "System.ServiceModel.Channels.RemoteEndpointMessageProperty";
 private const string OwinContext = "MS_OwinContext";

 private string GetClientIp(HttpRequestMessage request)
 {
       // Web-hosting
       if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(HttpContext ))
       {
            HttpContextWrapper ctx = 
                (HttpContextWrapper)request.Properties[HttpContext];
            if (ctx != null)
            {
                return ctx.Request.UserHostAddress;
            }
       }

       // Self-hosting
       if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(RemoteEndpointMessage))
       {
            RemoteEndpointMessageProperty remoteEndpoint =
                (RemoteEndpointMessageProperty)request.Properties[RemoteEndpointMessage];
            if (remoteEndpoint != null)
            {
                return remoteEndpoint.Address;
            }
        }

       // Self-hosting using Owin
       if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(OwinContext))
       {
           OwinContext owinContext = (OwinContext)request.Properties[OwinContext];
           if (owinContext != null)
           {
               return owinContext.Request.RemoteIpAddress;
           }
       }

        return null;
 }

所需参考:

• HttpContextWrapper - System.Web.dll
• RemoteEndpointMessageProperty - System.ServiceModel.dll
• OwinContext - Microsoft.Owin.dll(如果你使用Owin包,你会拥有它)

这个解决方案的一个小问题是,当你在运行时实际只使用其中一个时,你必须为所有3个案例加载库.正如这里所建议的,这可以通过使用dynamic变量来克服.您也可以将GetClientIpAddress方法编写为扩展名HttpRequestMethod.

using System.Net.Http;

public static class HttpRequestMessageExtensions
{
    private const string HttpContext = "MS_HttpContext";
    private const string RemoteEndpointMessage =
        "System.ServiceModel.Channels.RemoteEndpointMessageProperty";
    private const string OwinContext = "MS_OwinContext";

    public static string GetClientIpAddress(this HttpRequestMessage request)
    {
       // Web-hosting. Needs reference to System.Web.dll
       if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(HttpContext))
       {
           dynamic ctx = request.Properties[HttpContext];
           if (ctx != null)
           {
               return ctx.Request.UserHostAddress;
           }
       }

       // Self-hosting. Needs reference to System.ServiceModel.dll. 
       if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(RemoteEndpointMessage))
       {
            dynamic remoteEndpoint = request.Properties[RemoteEndpointMessage];
            if (remoteEndpoint != null)
            {
                return remoteEndpoint.Address;
            }
        }

       // Self-hosting using Owin. Needs reference to Microsoft.Owin.dll. 
       if (request.Properties.ContainsKey(OwinContext))
       {
           dynamic owinContext = request.Properties[OwinContext];
           if (owinContext != null)
           {
               return owinContext.Request.RemoteIpAddress;
           }
       }

        return null;
    }
}

现在您可以像这样使用它:

public class TestController : ApiController
{
    [HttpPost]
    [ActionName("TestRemoteIp")]
    public string TestRemoteIp()
    {
        return Request.GetClientIpAddress();
    }
}

Answer 3

如果你真的想要一个单行并且不打算自托管Web API:

((System.Web.HttpContextWrapper)Request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"]).Request.UserHostAddress;

Answer 4

以上答案需要引用System.Web才能将属性强制转换为HttpContext或HttpContextWrapper.如果您不想要引用,则可以使用动态获取ip:

var host = ((dynamic)request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"]).Request.UserHostAddress;